chain 
the 
the 
910 
matter has been consumed, and the ashes are thrown 
hy the downward motion 
i its circuit. 
attaching a watch to a buttonhole, where it is secun-d 
by a bar or hook : named (184!*) from i'riuce Albert, con- 
sort of Queen Victoria. Alderman in chains. Si--.- 
nliii'i'iiuiii. -Angular chain-belt, ."ee n iviulu r. Chain- 
belt, see MI. Chain cable. See <.. 2. Chain 
harrow. See harm !. Chain-mail. See mow. Chain 
Of locks, in canal navigation, a series of locks contigUODfl 
one to another, the upper ante of one forming the Blower 
gate of the one next above it. Chain of re 
series of arguments of which each one after the 
deadeyes, by which the shrouds supporting chain-guard (ehan'gard),w. lnwatcli-makin(j,a, 
the masts are extended. Formerly, instead m pc]ianisin,providedwithafusee,topreventthe 
of bars, chains were used; hence the name. wa tch from being over-wound. E. H. Kiiiijlil. 
Same as chain-plates. Albert chain, a short chain chain-hook (chau'huk), n. 1. Naut., an 'iron 
i . __ _ i_iT" A. , ~ I....* I...L. .,,... ;* ; a ....ii i. ..l ********* **w*k \ 1111 
rod, with a handling-eye at one end and a hook 
at the other, for hauling the chain cables about. 
2. A hook which grips a link of a chain ca- 
ble and serves as a cable-stopper. 3. In xurg.. 
a light chain with hooks attached, used for re- 
__ trading the parts in dissecting. , ... _ 
gate of the one next above it.-Chain of reasoning a chain-knot (chan'not), . 1. A series of loops c h a i nS mith (chan'smith), n. One who makes 
u.,vi.i..- . .f *ivr> n tiii*iit-u of u'mcli piirh i tilt* fitter i ht> tit st IM'- as i :_ i~: ~v ~i^ i^.^,> n-ii^i^.c.ciiiT/il*Ti/^rtlrc! ^****i'**>j*v" \ /j 
chair 
11 chain-shot (chan'shot), H. Two balls or halves 
18 of a ball connected by a chain, chiefly used in 
old naval ordnance to 
cut down the masts or 
spars of vessels or to 
destroy the shrouds and 
rigging. It is not used 
with modern ordnance. 
In heraldry it is represented in various fantas- 
tic ways. Also called chain-ball. 
Thys argument, though it bee leaneld against Poetrie, 
yet is it indeed a chaine-shot against all learning. 
Sir P. Sidney, Apol. for Poetrie. 
. 
in which each loop successively locks 
chains. 
precedes It Budleu chain. Vee enille**. Gunter's by passing the cord itself through it. 2. A 
Chain, the chain formerly in common use for measnri- 
the one above it, and the last loop is secured ca n-snake (chan'snak), *, A large harmless 
- 
, 
land. It has a length of 66 feet, or 22 yards, or 4 pol, s of 
5J yards each, and is divided into 100 links of 7.92 inches 
knot used in splicing the loop-stitch in certain 
sewing-machines. 
serpent of the United States, Ophiboliis getu- 
IHS: so called from the concatenation of its 
bold black and white markings. 
< each, and is divided into niu MIIHS in I.IK incnes ;~i_i5 / u - /i \ rs i -L. 7, n n Tin,, ""i UIM.UH n,uu nuiim iiiaimugn. 
100,000 square links make l acre.-To back a chamless (chan les), a. [< chain + -less.] Hav- c h a i n _ s titch (chan'stich), n. A stitch used in 
ing no chains; incapable of being chained or 
bound down. 
Eternal spirit of the chainless mind. 
Byrtrn, Sonnet on Chillon. 
'let), n. [< chain + dim. -let.'] A 
little chain. 
The spurs and ringing chainlets sound. Scott 
chain-lightning (chan'llt'mng), n. Lightning 
n. Naut., a receptacle below deck for the chain 
cable. The deck-pipe, through which the chain passes, t atrmnpr f>han'stor>''pr1 r, 
is made of iron. Steam-vessels have frequently a mova- cnain-StOp erj, m 
We box on deck for this purpose. 
A loom in which 
each. 
Chain. See befcl.=Syn. See shackle. 
chain (chan), v. t. [< ME. chtii/iifii, cheynen, 
etc.; from the noun.] 1. To fasten, bind, re- 
strain, or fetter with a chain or chains : as, to 
chain floating logs together; to chain a dog; to 
chain prisoners. 
A chayne for chayne a boke, by the gefte of Muwte 
Kent. English Gilds (E. E. T. S.), p. 320. 
The mariners he chained in his own gallies for slaves. , 
Kimllai, Hist. Turks, visible in the form of wavy or broken lines. 
2. Figuratively (a) To unite firmly; link. chain : locker, chain : well (chan'lok"er, -wel), 
In this vow [I] do chain my soul to thine. 
Shak., 3 Hen. VI., ii. 3. 
(b) To hold by superior force, moral or physi- , )le lm on ue(;K IUI . ulla plu . pulK! . 
cal; keep in bondage or slavery ; enthrall; en- chain-loom (chan '16m), n. 
slave. 
And which more blest? who chain'd his country, say, 
Or he whose virtue sigh'd to lose a day 1 
Pope, Essay on Man, iv. 147. 
I am chained to Time, and cannot thence depart. 
Shelley, Adonais, xxvi. 
(c) To restrain ; hold in check ; control. 
He could stay swift diseases in old days, 
Chain madmen by the music of his lyre. 
M. Arnold, Empedocles on Etna, i. 1. 
3. To block up or obstruct with a chain, as a 
passage or the entrance to a harbor. 
Chain-ball (chan'bal), n. Same as chain-shot. 
chain-bearer (chan'bar"er), . A man who car- 
ries the chain used in surveying land; a chaiu- 
Chuin-molding. From St. William's Chapel, York, England. 
various kinds of ornamental needlework, in 
ordinary sewing (in contrast with the lock- 
stitch) by some sewing-machines, and as the 
characteristic method in tambour-work. TO form 
rhiiiii-stitclieB in sewing, a loop is made on the right side 
of the stuff, and the thread, being passed backward 
through the stulf, is brought out again in the middle of 
this loop, and then pulled tight ; another loop is then 
formed; and so on. In tambour-work the fabric itself 
is formed by such stitches made with a crochet-hook. 
Chain-stitch embroidery, embroidery done with a 
chain-stitch, whether with a needle or a hook. Some of 
the most ancient embroidery is of this character, and the 
stitch has been in use in all periods. 
'_ ~__ f ._',' - A device for 
holding a''hain cable or keeping it from running 
out too rapidly. 
A man who carries the chain used in survey- mal is a substance ; therefore, Bucephalus is a substance. 
ing land ' a chain-bearer Also called <<*/*///* anlffrimn. See sorites. 
Chain-molding (chan'moVding), n. Inarch., chain-timber (chan'tim"ber), i. Same as Sea- 
chain-bit (chan'bit), n. A bridle-bit in which 
the mouthpiece is a chain. species of molding cut to represent a chain. 
Cham-boat (<*_an'bot) . Same as anchor-hoy. T( . JJJJ Jn the Romanes e ^ 
Cham-bolt (chan bolt) , 1- /**. one of the c h a i n -p ie r (chan'per), n. A pier running into verted into a recipi- 
large bolts by which the chain-plates are fas- Q * t b '' cnains fog a 8U8p ension- eut of water-power. 
tened to a vessel's sides. Also called chain- br j d ., e ' 
plate bolt.-2. A door-bolt which is held or cna >. pin (cMn 'pin), n. An iron pin used by 
drawn by a chain. surveyors for marking the length of a chain ; 
chain-bond (chan'bond), re. In arch., a bond m easurine m n 
formed by building an iron chain, a bar, or a c h ain -pipe (ctiau'pip), n. Naut., an iron pipe 
heavy scant ing into tie masonry Hoop-iron * ^ the deck of a ship through which 
is often used, since it is so thin that it does not the cha > eftl)le ig ]ed 
chain-plate (chau'plat), n. Naut., one of the 
iron plates used for securing the shrouds of the 
lower rigging to a vessel's sides. Also called 
channel-plate. See chain, 7. Chain-plate bolt. 
Hame as cttain-bolt, 1. 
chain-wale (chan'wal), n. [< chain + wale 1 ; 
usually contr. to channel 2 , q. v.] Naut., a chan- 
nel. See channel^. 
chain-well, . See chain-locker. 
chain-wheel (chan'hwel), n. 1. A wheel hav- 
ing sprockets or teeth which catch the links of 
a chain, used for 
transmitting power. 
2. An inversion 
of the chain-pump, 
by which it is con- 
disturb the joints. 
chain-bridge (chan'brij), n. A suspension- 
bridge in which the roadway is suspended by 
chains instead of by wire cables. See bridge 1 . 
chain-chest (chau'chest), n. Naut., a locker 
It consists of a bucket- 
chain which passes over 
a pulley and through a 
pipe of such a size that 
the buckets very nearly 
till its section. The water 
Hows into the pipe at the 
upper end, and, descend- 
ing, carries the buckets 
with it, thus setting the 
whole chain and there- 
fore the pulley in mo- 
tion. This wheel is also 
known as Lamoliere's 
piston-wheel, the application having been first made by 
Chain-wheels for transmitting pow 
chain which pas 
over ;t an d gives motion to or receives motion 
it EHEninht 
buckets or with flat valves or disks, to 
raise water for short distances. 
The chain is carried over two sprock- 
et-wheels, one of them submerged, 
and turns with them. If buckets are 
used, the water is lifted in them by 
turning the upper wheel, each bucket 
discharging its load as it passes over 
the wheel. When valves or disks are 
employed, the chain passes upward 
through a tube, which discharges the 
water forced into it by the disks. 
chain-rule (chan'rol), n. A 
rule of arithmetic, by which, 
when a succession or chain of 
equivalents is given, the last of 
each being of the same kind 
as the first of the next, a rela- 
tion of equivalence is estab- 
lished between numbers of the 
first and last kind mentioned. 
coral, Catenipora escharoides. 
Chain-coupling (chan'kup''ling), n. 1. A sup- m lt ^ ^ ^ . 
plementary coupling between railroad-cars, c hain-pump (chan'pump), n. A form of pump tlle fabri consisting of a succession of loops 
etc., used for security in case the mam cou- em pi oy ing an endless chain, armed at intervals u ? ed , ln hosiery and 
pling should accidentally give way or become 
unfastened. 2. A hook or other device at- 
tached to the end of a chain for the purpose of 
connecting it with another chain or of fasten- 
ing it to any object. 
chain-fern (chan'f ern), n. The common name 
of ferns of the genus Woodtcardia, from the 
chain-like rows formed by the fruit-dots on each 
side of the midrib and midveins, and parallel to 
them. 
chain-gang (chan'gang), n. A gang or num- 
ber of convicts chained together, as during out- 
door labor or while in transit. 
I'd take my place with a chain-gang, and eat Norfolk 
Island biscuit. Lever. 
chain-gear (chan'ger), . A device for trans- 
mitting motion by means of a chain that en- 
gages the cogs or sprockets of a wheel. 
chain-grate (chan'grat), . A feeding-device 
Common form of 
Chain-pump. 
for furnaces. The fuel is placed in a hopper, and is chain-saw (chan'sa), . A surgical saw, con- 
slowly carried forward by an endless apron formed of s i s ting of a chain the links of which have a 
cross-bars attached at each end to moving chains. These Zj ,.,! ,, a(U q in nmrmrntiniis Viptwppn 
bars form the grate. The motion is so timed that when Serrated edge, USei 
the fuel reaches the rear of the fire-box all combustible small bones on account of its adjustability. 
e the links of a 
chain. 
chain-work (chan'werk), n. 1. A style of tex- 
if a succession of loops, 
tambour-work. E. H. 
See chain -stitch. 2. In decorative art : 
(a) An ornament of chains meetingone another 
and interlinking, so as to form a sort of net. 
(l>) Any carved or embossed work resembling 
intersecting links or overlapping chains. 
Wreaths of chain work, for the chapiters which were 
upon the top of the pillars. 1 Ki. vii. 17. 
chair (char), n. [< ME. chaire, cltaiere, chaere, 
chinjrc, chayere, etc., < OF. chaiere, chaere, F. 
chaire, < L. cathedra (with reg. F. suppression 
of medial.consonants th and a), a chair, a throne, 
< Gr. KatitSpa, a chair, seat: see cathedra. Cf. 
chaise, a doublet of chair.'] 1. A seat having 
a back, and sometimes arms, intended for the 
accommodation of one person. Chairs are usually 
movable, and made of wood, cane, or other light material, 
but are sometimes fixed, and sometimes made of stone or 
metal. The seats are usually and the backs frequently 
made of some soft material, often upholstered. 
The Jewes setten him in a C/int/ere and cladde him in a 
Mantelle. Mandei'iUe, Travels, p. 14. 
2. A seat of office or authority: as, the chair 
of a judge, a professor, the presiding officer of 
a meeting or an assembly, etc. Hence (a) The 
