chalcidian 
chalcidian' 5 (k;il-sid'i-an), . and n. [< Chal- 
cides + -(<!.] I. tt. Belonging to or having the 
characters of the lizards called Chalcididie. See 
II. n. A lizard of the family Chalcididte. 
Also chulcid. 
Chalcidic (kal-sid'ik), a. Of or pertaining to 
the district of Chalcidice, on the coast of an- 
cient Macedonia. 
chalcidica, ii. Plural of chalcidicum. 
Chalcidici (kal-sid'i-si), n. pi. [NL., < Chal- 
cidcs, q. v.] In Oppel's system (1811), a family 
of squamate saurians, containing the chalcid or 
chalcidiform lizards. 
chalcidicum (kal-sid'i-kum), n. ; pi. chalcidica 
(-ka). [L., prop, netit. of Chalcidicus. < Gr. X<z?,- 
/ivcVicof, belonging to Chalcis, < XaA/af, L. Chal- 
cix, a Greek city: see Chalcis 2 .] A portico, or 
a hall supported by columns, or any addition of 
like character connected with an ancient ba- 
silica ; hence, a similar addition to a Christian 
church. 
Beyond the aisles there is an additional aisle of annexed 
buildings or chalcidica. Eimjc. Brit., 111. 414. 
Chalcididae 1 (kal-sid'i-de), n. pi. [NL. , < Chal- 
cis 1 (Chalcid-) + -idai.] In entom., a large fam- 
ily of pupivorous spiculiferous hymenopterous 
insects, typified by the genus Chalcis, composed 
mainly of minute species most of which are 
parasitic on the larvae or eggs of other insects. 
Some of them attack other parasites of the same or related 
families. The female chalcid, like the ichneumon-fly, de- 
posits her eggs on the larva or egg which she infests, some- 
times on the surface, sometimes beneath it, and often 
many together. The larva} which emerge feed on the egg 
or on the soft parts of the infested larva; the latter is 
unable to complete its transformations, and eventually 
dies, when the chalcid emerges either as a perfect insect or 
as a larva, in the latter case sometimes spinning a rough 
cocoon in which to pass the pupa state. The Chalcididte 
in their perfect state have usually hard and often brilliant- 
ly metallic bodies, from which the typical genus, Chalcis, 
takes its name; the antennse are elbowed ; the ovipositor 
issues before the tip of the abdomen ; the pronotum does 
not reach the tegular ; and the wings are almost devoid of 
veins. Many species are yet undescribed. Also Chalcidae. 
Chalcididse 2 (kal-sid'i-de), re. pi. [NL., < Chal- 
cides + -idee.] In herpct., a family of lizards, 
typified by the genus Chalcidcs, to which dif- 
ferent limits have been assigned, (a) By some it 
is extended to include leptoglossate lizards having a dis- 
tinct lateral fold, hidden ears, very short limbs, and elon- 
gated body. The species are tropical American. (6) By 
others the species are referred to the family Teiidai. 
chalcidiform 1 (kal-sid'i-f6rm), a. [< NL. Chal- 
cis 1 (Chalcid-) + it. forma, shape.] Having the 
appearance of an insect of the family Chal- 
cididte. 
Chalcidiform 2 (kal-sid'i-f6rm), a. [< NL. Chal- 
cides 4- L. forma, shape.] Having the appear- 
ance of a lizard of the family Chalcidida;. 
chalcidine (kal'si-din), a. [< Clialcides + -ine 1 .] 
Belonging to or having the characters of liz- 
ards of the family Chalcidida;; like a chalcid 
lizard. 
Chalcis 1 (kal'sis), n. [NL., < Gr. x a ^ K "f, cop- 
per: see Clialcis 2 .] In entom., the 
typical genus of the great parasi- 
tic family Chalcididte, of the order 
Hymenoptera. It was founded by Fa- 
bricius in 1787. The insects of this genus 
are parasites, and are characterized by their 
swollen hind thighs and sessile abdomen. 
They infest many injurious insects, and * 
transform within the bodies of their hosts ' 
without spinning a cocoon. Chalcis albi- ,, j__ 
.from (Walsh) belongs to the closely allied natural size.) 
Chalcis 2 (kal'sis), n. [NL.. < Gr. xahdc,, a kind 
of lizard, also called ^aAwoW) (aavpa xat..ifiuii), 
i. e., Chalcidian lizard Dioscorides), also (tyvif 
and aifij> ; named from XaA/ii'f , Chalcis, a city in 
Euboea, or more prob. (as also X<rA/'f, Chalcis) 
< ^aA/cof, copper.] A genus of lizards, originally 
identical with Chalcides, but by some modern 
herpetologists limited to such teioid lizards as 
are by others referred to the genus Cophias. 
chalcitis (kal-si'tis), re. [L., also chalcites, cop- 
per ore, a precious stone of a copper color, < 
Gr. #aA/dr<c, containing copper (/Uftjf ^a/Utrf?, 
copper ore), rock-alum, etc., < ^aAxof, copper.] 
Same as colcothar. 
Chalcochloris (kal-ko-klo'ris), n. [NL. (Mi- 
vart, 1867), < Gr. ^-oAxiif , copper, + ;f Aup<5f, green- 
ish-yellow.] Same as Amblysomus. 
chalcocite (kal'ko-sit), n. [< Gr. ;raAif, cop- 
per, 4- -c- inserted, + -ite 2 .] A native copper 
sulphid (Cu 2 S), a mineral of a lead-gray to black 
color and metallic luster. It is commonly massive, 
but is also found in fine crystals, frequently hexagonal in 
form from twinning. It is an important ore of copper. 
Also called chalcosin, copjter-fjlance, and in Cornwall red- 
ruthite, from the locality Bedruth, where it occurs. 
chalcophyllite (kal-ko-fil'it), *. [< 
copper, + Q&Jtav, a leaf, + -ite 2 .] . 
912 
chalcodite (kal'ko-dit), . [< Gr. 
contr. of ;fa/A'oe5;Jf, like copper (< jo/imSr, cop- 
per, + eicfof, form), + -ite".] A variety of the 
iron silicate stilpnomelaue, occurring in scaly 
velvety coatings of a brass-like luster. 
chalcograph (kal'ko-graf), n. [< Gr. ^a/.ddf, 
copper, + ypAfecv, write, grave ; cf. NGr. yatjio- 
-ypaipof, an engraver (orig. formed to translate 
' printer')-] An engraving on copper or brass. 
chalcographer (kal-kog'ra-fer), n. [< chalcog- 
raphy + -er 1 .] An engraver on brass or cop- 
per. Also chalcoaruphist. 
chalcographic, chalcographical (kal-ko-graf '- 
ik, -i-kal),a. [< chalcography + -ic, -ical.] Of or 
pertaining to chalcography: as, chalci/ni/>liic 
artists. 
chalcographist (kal-kog'ra-fist), re. [< chalcog- 
raphy + -int.] Same as chalcographer. 
chalcography (kal-kog'ra-fi), . [< Gr. ^a/Kdf, 
copper, + -ypaQia, < ypdfaiv, write, grave.] The 
art of engraving on copper or steel plates. 
Commonly called line-engraving, because it is chiefly by 
combinations of lines, simple or crossed, that the engraver 
imitates textures, etc. 
chalcomenite (kal-ko-me'nit), . [< Gr. ^aAKdf, 
copper, + fiifiti, = E. moon, + -ite 2 .] A hy- 
drous copper selenite, occurring in monoclinic 
crystals of a bright-blue color. 
Chalcpmorphite (kal-ko-mor'flt), re. [< Gr. 
Xa'AK^f, copper, + poppy, form, + -ite 2 .] A hy- 
drous calcium silicate found in minute hexago- 
nal crystals in the lava of Nieder-Mendig in the 
Eifel, Rhenish Prussia. 
chalcophanite (kal-kof 'a-nit), n. [< Gr. ;taAKOf, 
copper, + -<t>avr/f (< tpaiveiv, appear) + -ite 2 .] A 
hydrous oxid of manganese and zinc, occur- 
ring in druses of minute tabular crystals of a 
bluish-black color and metallic luster at Stir- 
ling Hill in New Jersey. It assumes a bronze 
color when heated before the blowpipe, whence 
the name. 
; -ko-fil'it), n.^ [< Gr. 
A hydrous 
copper arseniate, occurring in thin tabular 
crystals or foliated masses of a bright-green 
color. Also called copper mica. 
chalcopyrite (kal-kop'i-rit), n. [< Gr. x a ^ K ", 
copper, + pyrites, q. v.] Copper pyrites, or yel- 
low copper ore. It is a sulphid of copper and iron, and 
occurs in tetragonal crystals or more commonly massive. 
It has a bright brass-yellow color and brilliant metallic 
luster on the fresh fracture. It is readily distinguished 
from pyrite, or iron pyrites, by its deeper color and inferior 
hardness. 
Chalcosiderite (kal-ko-sid'e-rit), n. [< Gr. 
Xalti6c, copper, + atSffir^f, of iron: see sider- 
ite.] A hydrous phosphate of iron and copper, 
occurring in crystalline aggregates of a siskin- 
green color. 
chalcostibite (kal-kos'ti-bit), n. [< Gr. ^<zA/if, 
copper, + ari/ii, antimony (see stibium and an- 
timony), + -ite 2 .] A sulphid of antimony and 
copper, of a lead-gray color. Also called wolfs- 
bcrgite. 
chalcotrichite (kal-kot'ri-kit), n. [< Gr. ^aA/cof, 
copper, + Opit; (rptx-), hair, + -ite 2 .] A variety 
of cuprite or red oxid of copper, occurring in 
capillary crystals. 
Chaldsism (kal'de-izm), n. A combined sci- 
ence of astronomy and magic attributed to the 
Chaldeans : out of it probably grew astrology, 
to which the term is often extended. 
Chaldteism and Magism appear . . . mixed up together. 
C. O. Muller, Manual of Archieol. (trans.), 248. 
Chaldaic (kal-da'ik), a. and n. [< L. Chaldaicus, 
< Gr. Xa/.<Sa<5f,< Xa/.da/a, Chaldea, prop. fern, of 
XaAdmof, Chaldean.] I. a. Same as Chaldean. 
II. n. The language or dialect of the Chal- 
deans, one of the two dialects or branches of 
the Aramaic, Syriac being the other. 
Also Chaldee. 
Chaldaism (kal'da-izm), . [< Gr. XaMcuo/i6c, 
< XaA(Sa<fv, follow the Chaldeans, < XaAitoof, 
Chaldean.] An idiom or a peculiarity of the 
Chaldee dialect. 
Chaldean(kal-de'an),a.andH. [< Chaldea + -an: 
see Chaldaic.] I. o. Relating or pertaining to 
Chaldea, the rich plain of southern Babylonia : 
the name Chaldea was also often applied to 
the whole of that country, from the dominance 
of the Chaldean race over it for a long period. 
It was in Chaldea that the important Mesopotamia!! civil- 
ization was developed from the primitive Accadian. Also 
Chaldasan, Chaldaic, and Chaldee. Chaldean art, the 
earliest development of Accadian or Mesopotamia!! art, 
from which the later ait of Babylon and Assyria was di- 
rectly derived. Though still imperfectly known, this art 
clearly contains the germs of all the later developments 
from it, including the substructural mounds, terraced tem- 
ples of brick, enamels, use of bright colors, and engraved 
gems. Such stone sculptures as have been found, par- 
chalice 
ticularly those excavated from 1877 to 1881 from the 
mound of Tello in southern Chaldea, indicate a much less 
conventional conception of the human form, and much 
Chaldean Art. Sculptured bead from Tello, in the Louvre Museum. 
more artistic promise, than was fulfilled in this branch 
of art by the Babylonian and Assyrian sculptors. Chal- 
dean cycle. See cycle. Chaldean era. See era. 
II. n. 1. An inhabitant of Chaldea; spe- 
cifically, a member of the Semitic race from 
whom Chaldea took its name, who were cele- 
brated as warriors, astrologers, magicians, etc., 
and constituted the priestly caste of Babylo- 
nia. Hence 2. In the Bible, sometimes, an 
astrologer, soothsayer, or fortune-teller. 
Chaldee (kal'de), a. and n. [< L. Chaldam, < Gr. 
XaAtiaZof, Chaldean.] I. a. Same as Chaldean. 
Chaldee language. Nee Chaldaic, . Chaldee Par- 
aphrases, commentaries, called by the Jews Targums, 
made for tnose Jews who spoke the Chaldee language and 
diil not understand Hebrew. 
II. n. 1. Same as Chaldean, 1. 2. Same as 
Chaldaic. 
chalder 1 (chal'der), n. [< OF. 'chaudiere, cau- 
diere, P. chaudiere = Pr. caudiera = Sp. caldera 
= Pg. calde-ira = It. caldaja, caldara, < L. (LL. 
ML.) caldaria, a kettle for hot water: see chal- 
dron 1 , caldron.] 1. A caldron. [North. Eng.] 
2. The Scotch form of chaldronl. The Scotch 
chalder was nearly 12 quarters Winchester 
measure, or 16 bolls of corn. 
chalder 2 (chal'der), n. [Origin obscure.] 
Xaut., a rudder-band or gudgeon. [Eng.] 
chalder 3 (chal'der), n. Same as chaldrick. 
chaldernt (chal'dern), n. Same as chaudron. 
chaldeset, v. t. [< Chaldee (pi. Clialdees), q. v., 
with allusion to magic. See Chaldceism.'] To 
trick; injure by trickery. Also caldese. [Old 
slang.] 
chaldrick (chal'drik), n. [E. dial., also chal- 
der; origin obscure.] A name in the Orkney 
islands for the oyster-catcher, Saimatopus os- 
tralegiis. Montagu. 
chaldron 1 (chal'dron), n. [Assibilated form of 
caldron, < OF. *ehaldron, F. chaudron, a kettle : 
see chaldcri and caldron.] A measure of coals, 
etc., equal, by a statute of Charles H., to 36 coal 
bushels, or 25^ hundredweight, but customarily 
in England to 32 heaped bushels. The Newcastle 
chaldron is 52i or 53 hundredweight. In American ports 
the weight is very various, but the ordinary weight in the 
United States is 2ttJ hundredweight. 
chaldron 2 t, See chaudron. 
chalet (sha-la'), n. [F., < Swiss chalet, prop, 
a little castle, < ML. castelletum, > E. castellet, 
castlet, q. v.] 1. A hut or cabin in which cat- 
tle and herdsmen are housed for the night on 
the Swiss mountains. 
Chalets are summer huts for the Swiss herdsmen. 
Wordsworth. 
Hence 2. A dwelling-house of the Swiss peas- 
antry similarly constructed, that is, low, with 
very wide eaves, and with the roof weighted 
down with large stones to secure it against 
the mountain winds. 3. A country residence 
built in the general style of a Swiss mountain 
cottage, but generally of ornamental character. 
Chalet-horn, a horn used by Swiss mountaineers in 
calling together their herds or flocks. 
chalice (chal'is), n. [< ME. chalice, also calice, 
< OF. "chalice, calice, mod. F. calice = Pr. calitz 
= Sp. caliz = Pg. calis, calix = It. calice = AS. 
calic = OS. Tcelik = D. kelk = OHG. chelih, kelih, 
MHG. G. kelch = Icel. kdlkr = Dan. kalk, < L. 
calix (calic-), a cup, = Skt. kalaqa, a cup, water- 
rt; cf. Gr. jtt>A<f, a cup: see calix and calyx.] 
A drinking-cup or -bowl. 
This even-handed justice 
Commends the ingredients of our poison'd chaltee 
To our own lips. Shak., Macbeth, i. 7. 
Tulips, dark purple and cream-color, burning scarlet and 
deep maroon, held their gay chalices up to catch the dew. 
S. T. Cooke, Somebody's Neighbors, p. 39. 
