chanticleer 
chanter, sing, + cler, clear: so called from the 
clearness or loudness til' his voice in crowing: 
see (liuiit, r., ami cli-nr. a.\ 1. Acock: a quasi- 
proper uarne used like reyiiartl, bruin, and other 
similar appellatives. 
This rlMiiiitn-lnv his wynges gan to bete. 
OtottMT, Nuns Priest's Tale, 1. 501. 
The feathered Minister. I'lin ntk-leer, 
Math wiinnil his Imnle-horn ; 
And tells the early villager 
Tin ciilllillg of the Ml', Ml. 
Chattel tun, Bristnwf Traire.lie. 
2. A local English name of the gemmous drag- 
onet, Cullioni/niux ilntco. 
chantie. . See chanty. 
Chantilly lace, porcelain. See the nouns. 
chant-it-clear t, . [Bee eftmtfolMr.] An adapt- 
ed fonu of chanticleer. [Rare.] 
Brave ehant-it-flfiir, his noble heart was done, 
II is minli was cut. />'. JIUIXIIH, Tale tif a Tub, iii. o. 
chantlate (chant/lilt), . [< OF. chanlctte, F. 
fliinilnli . fliiiiilnltr, a little gutter, in pi. gutter- 
tiles on a roof (cf. ML. riinnlrtn, a funnel), 
dim. of chanel, gutter, channel : see flkflMMP.I 
In arch., a piece of wood fastened at the end of 
rafters ami projecting beyond the wall, to sup- 
port several rows of slates or tiles, so placed as 
to prevent rain-water from trickling down the 
face of the wall, dwilt. 
chantmentt, ". [ME. chanteinent, chaunteiimii : 
by apheresis from enchantment, q. v.] Enchant- 
ment. 
Tho halp hym naght hys armys, 
Hys iftMMMMMM ne hys charmys. 
Lybeaui IHscanus, 1. 1900. 
chantont, . [< OF. "chanton, appar. assibilated 
form of canton, a corner : see canton.] A piece 
of armor in use at the end of the thirteenth cen- 
tury, perhaps the ailette. 
chantrelt, . [< F. chanterelle, a decoy-bird : 
see chanterelle.] A decoy-partridge, aoii-ell. 
(Halliwell.) 
chantress (chan'tres), n. [Early mod. E. also 
chauntrexs, < chanter + -ess, after OF. chante- 
resse, fern, of chanteor, a singer.] A female 
singer. 
Thee, chauntress, oft, the woods among, 
I woo, to hear thy even-song. 
Milton, II Penseroso, 1. 63. 
chantry (chan'tri), n. ; pi. chantries (-triz). [< 
ME. chanterie, chaunterie, < OF. chanterie, chaun- 
teriCj later chantrerie, a chantry (asindefs.), also 
singing (> Sp. chantria, precentorship), < ML. 
cantaria, a benefice or chapel for saying mass, 
< L. cantare (> F. chanter, etc.), sing, ML. say 
mass: see chant, <.] 1. A church or chapel 
which in former times was endowed with lands 
or other revenue for the maintenance of one or 
more priests to sing or say mass daily for the 
soul of the donor or for the souls of persons 
named by him. Chantries were often attached to or 
formed a part of parish churches, generally containing the 
tomb of the founder, and many such still exist in England ; 
but they were more frequently connected with abbeys and 
monasteries. 
And ran tx> Londone, unto Seynte Poules, 
To seeken him a chaunterie for soules. 
Chaucer, Gen. Prol. to C. T., L 611. 
I have built 
Two chantries, where the sad and solemn priests 
Sing still for Richard's soul. SAa*., Hen. V., iv. 1. 
2. A chapel attached to a church, in which mi- 
nor services for prayer, singing, etc., Sunday- 
school meetings, and the like are held. 
chanty, chantie (chan'ti), . A chamber-pot. 
[Scotch.] 
chaology (ka-ol'o-ji), n. [NL., < Gr. x a "f, 
chaos, + -knyia, < Ixynv, speak : see -ology.] A 
treatise on chaos. Crabo. [Rare.] 
Chaomancyt (ka'o-man-si), n. [< Gr. .j-doc, 
chaos (applied by Paracelsus to the atmo- 
sphere), + uavTtia, divination.] Divination 
by means of the atmosphere or by aerial vi- 
sions; clairvoyance; second sight. 
chaos (ka'os), n. [= F. Pg. chaos = Sp. It. 
caos = D. G. Dan. Sw. chaos = Russ. khaosu, < 
L. chaos, < Gr. jdof, empty space, abyss, chaos 
(cf. x6"P a , a yawning hollow, abyss, chasm, E. 
chasm), < / "x a in x a ' vflv > gape, yawn, akin to 
L. hiscere, gape, hiare, gape, and to E. yawn : 
see chasm, liiatim, and yawn.] 1 . A vacant space 
or chasm ; empty, immeasurable space. 
923 
posed to have been latent before the order, uni- 
formities, or laws of nature had been devel- 
oped or created: the opposite of <*,. 
All beiim a rude and vnforincil <'/>".., Tiiyn (say they) 
framed and sctled the Heallen and I'.artli. 
I'ln-i'liiix, Pilgrimage, p. 445. 
When- eldest Night 
And Chaos, ancestors of Nature, hold 
Eternal anarchy. Milt,,,,. I: I. ii. -\i:,. 
3. A confused mixture of parts or elements; 
confusion; disorder. 
Chaos uf thought ami pa~,-iii. all confused. 
/'"/", Essay on Man, ii. 13. 
Trieste has ever since remained Austrian in allegiance, 
save during the r/ia'wi of the (lays uf the elder Bimmiparte. 
E. A. freeman, Venice, ji. 77, 
4. In the language of the alchemists, the at- 
mosphere: first so used by Paracelsus. =Syn. 3. 
A u<li'i-li<l t Chun*. See nun >rt"i. 
chaotic (ka-ot'ik), a. [Irreg., < cha-os + -ot-ic, 
us iii erotic, ilrmotic, etc.; = D. G. chaotisch = 
Dan. Sw. kaotisk = F. chaotitjue = Sp. eadtico.] 
Resembling or of the nature of chaos ; con- 
fused ; without order. 
The chantie tumult of his mind. Disraeli. 
Opinions were still in a state of chaotic anarchy, inter- 
mingling, separating, advancing, receding. 
Macaiday, Lord Bacon. 
The "Drama of Exile" ... is a chaotic mass, from 
which dazzling lustres break out. 
Stedman, Viet. Poets, p. 1-28. 
chaotically (ka-ot'i-kal-i), adv. In a chaotic 
state or manner; in utter confusion. 
chao-ting (chou'ting'), . [Chin., < chao, 
morning, -f ting, hall. Cf. chotei.] In China, 
the hall of audience ; the court ; hence, by me- 
tonymy, the emperor. 
chaoucha (chou ch&), n. Same as chatticha. 
chap 1 (chap), v. ; pret. chapped, pp. chapped 
and chapt, ppr. chapping. [< ME. chappen, 
cleave, crack, a variant of choppen, cut, chop. 
Chap 1 and chop 1 are now partly differentiated 
in use. See chop 1 and chip 1 .] I. trans.!. To 
cause to cleave, split, crack, or break in clefts : 
used of the effect of extreme cold followed by 
heat on exposed parts of the body, as the hands 
and lips, and sometimes of similar effects pro- 
duced in any way on the surface of the earth, 
wood, etc. Also chop. 
My legys they fold, my fyngers ar chappyd. 
Twtmeley Mysteries, p. 98. 
Like a table, . . . not rough, wrinkled, gaping, or chapt. 
B. Joruton. 
The voluminous sleeves were pinned up, showing a pair 
of wasted arms, chapped with cold and mottled with 
bruises. L. M. Alcott, Hospital Sketches, p. 150. 
2. To strike, especially with a hammer or the 
like; beat. [Scotch.] 
H. -intrans. 1. To crack; open in slits, clefts, 
or fissures: as, the earth chaps; the hands 
chap. Also chop. 2. To knock, as at a door; 
strike, as a clock. [Scotch.] 
O whae is this at my bower door, 
That chaps sae late, or kens the gin ? 
Erlinton (Child's Ballads, III. 221). 
chape 
f, a customer, purchaser, chapman, fellow, 
chap.] If. A buyer; a chapman. 
If you want to sell, la-re is \. ,111 ftuif. 
2. A fellow; a man or a boy: useil familinrly, 
like fillnir, and usually with a <|ii;ilit'yin^ ,-nl 
jective. /(/. //')//, littli; /iinir, etc.. iinif loosely. 
much as the word /'//</ is. 
I'oor old chap, . . . poor old ,l<i.-\. h, ;,^ a lir-t lat, r 
(J. A. fitilii. The late Mr. H. 
chap 4 (chap), i 1 . t. and i. ; pret. and pp. 
ppr. </!/</)('>/. |< ME. rlmn/H-ii, rluijiiiii. v;ir. of 
I'lll/n -II, I'lli /ill II. }'',. flu H /i: see i-liliji- ainl flu II l<, r.. 
and cf. fliii/i-li'itil:, flin/iiimii, clin/iftiri . etc. ] To 
buy or sell ; trade : a variant of chop- and rln-n/i 
(which see). 
chap 5 (chap), r. t. ; pret. and pp. clnipi-il, ppr. 
</Hi/>i>in</. [Sc., Hlxurhiiii/iiii. iippiii-. a particu- 
lar use of chiiji* = clioji-, bargiiiti. 01 01 r/i//l. 
strike (a bargain).] 1. To choose; choose deli- 
nitely; select and claim: us, I ////< this. 2. 
To fix definitely; accept and agree to as bind- 
ing; hold to (a proposal, or the terms of a bar- 
gain) : as, I ehitps that ; I cha/i (or chaps) you. 
[Scotch in both senses, and in common use 
among children during play.] 
chap. An abbreviation of cliapti-r. 
chapapote (Sp. pron. chii-pa-po'ta), n. [Cuban 
Sp., <T (f) Sp. chfi/iin; cover, coat, plat, + /loti: 
jar, pot.] A kind of asphalt or bitumen brought 
from Cuba. Also called Mexican asphalt. 
Bitumen is likewise found in Cuba, and is brought into 
commerce under the name of cliaiiaimti-, m- Mexican as- 
phalt. Pop. Sci. Mo., XXII. ls. 
chaparral (chap-a-ral'), n. [Sp., < chaparrri, 
<-/i/t]ntrro, an evergreen oak, saia to be < Basque 
achaparra, < *acha, *at:a for aitzti, rock, stone, 
+ abarra, an evergreen oak.] 1. A close 
growth, more or less extensive, of low ever- 
green oaks. 2. Any very dense thicket of low 
thorny shrubs which exclusively occupy the 
ground; sometimes, a thick growth of cacti. 
[Western and southwestern U. 8.] 
Even the low, thorny chaparral was thick with pea-like 
blossom. R. L. Stevfnuon, Silverado Squatters, p. 268. 
chaparral-cock (chap-a-ral'kok), n. The 
ground-cuckoo, road-runner, or paisano; a 
large terrestrial bird of the family Ciiculida;, 
chap 1 (chap), n. [<cAo/)l,c.] 1. A fissure, cleft, 
crack, or chink, as in the surface of the earth 
or in the hands or feet : also used figuratively. 
Also chop. 
There were many clefts and chaps in our counsel. 
Fuller. 
What chapt are made in it [the earth] are filled up again. 
T. Burnet, Theory of the Earth. 
2. A stroke of any kind ; a blow; a knock; es- 
pecially, a tap or rap, as on a door, to draw at- 
tention. Also fliini/i. [Scotch.] 
chap 2 , chop 3 (chop), n. [Always written chop 
in the third sense given below; usually, in lit. 
sense, in the pi., chaps, chops ; a Southern E. 
corruption (appar. in simulation of chap 1 , chop 1 ) 
of Northern E. chafts, the jaws : see chaft.] 1. 
The upper or lower part of the mouth ; the jaw : 
commonly in the plural. 
He, mistaking the weapon, lays me over the chaps with 
his dnb-flst. Beau, and Fl., Thierry and Theodoret, iii. 2. 
His chaps were all besmeared with crimson blood. 
Cowley, Pyramus and Thisbe. 
The Crocodiles the countrey people do often take in 
pitfals, and grappling their chaps together with an iron, 
bring them alive unto Cairo. Sandys, Travailes, p. 79. 
2. A jaw of a vise or clamp. 3. pi. The 
Jetween us and you there '^flxe^a ijtreat c*oo. ^ mouth or entrance of a channel : as, the chops 
of the English channel. Sometimes applied to the 
capes at the mouth of a bay or harbor : as, the East Chop 
and West Chop of Vineyard Haven, Martha's Vineyard. 
chap 3 (chap), . [An abbrev. of chapman, q. 
v. For the second sense, cf. the similar use of 
customer, and formerly of merchant; cf. also (i. 
Death keeps suicides shivering in Cham . . . until the 
allotted dying hour they vainly tried to anticipate comes 
"round. Winthrop, Cecil Dreeme, xiii. 
2. The confused or formless elementary state, 
not fully existing, in which the universe is sup- 
Chaparral-cock (Gfococcyx tali/ortiianttt}. 
the Geocoecyx caUfornianus, a common species 
of the southwestern United States. See Geo- 
coecyx. 
Chapati, . See clnwatty. 
chap-book (chap'buk), . [< chap for chapman 
+ book.'] One of a class of tracts upon homely 
and miscellaneous subjects which at one time 
formed the chief popular literature of Great 
Britain and the American colonies. They con- 
sisted of lives of heroes, martyrs, and wonderful person- 
ages, stories of roguery ami broad humor, of giants, ghosts, 
witches, and dreams, histories in verse, songs and ballads, 
theological tracts, etc. They emanated principally from 
the provincial press, and were hawked about the country 
by chapmen or peddlers. 
Such a dream-dictionary as servant-maids still buy in 
penny chap-books at the fair. 
E. B. Tylvr, Prim. Culture, I. 111. 
No chap-book was so poor and nide as not to have one 
or two prints, however inartistic. 
N. A. /frr.,CXXXIX. 481. 
chap-de-mailt, . Same as camail. Meyrick. 
chape (chap), n. [< ME. chnpi; sheath of a 
sword, etc., < OF. chape, a catch, hook, chape, 
cope, assibilated form of cape, > E. cape 1 and 
cope 1 , q. v.] 1. A metal tip or case serving 
to strengthen the end of a scabbard. 
A whittle with a silver chape. 
Greene, Description of the Shepherd and his Wife. 
The whole theorick of war in the knot of his scarf, and 
the practice in the chape of his dagger. 
Shak., All's Well, iv. S. 
2. A similar protection for the end of a strap 
or belt. 3. In bronze-castiny, the outer shell 
or case of the mold, sometimes consisting of a 
