chart 
chart (chart), H. [< F. charte, a charter, partly 
< OF. cltitr/rc, a charter (see charter), and partly 
(as the assibilated form of the older carte) < ML. 
carta, L. chiirtu, a paper, map, card, etc. : see 
curd 1 .] 1. A map; a draft or projection on pa- 
per of some part of the earth's surface; specifi- 
cally, a hydrographical or marine map showing 
the coasts, islands, rocks, banks, channels, or 
entrances into harbors, rivers, and bays, the 
points of the compass, soundings or depth of 
water, etc., to regulate the courses of ships in 
their voyages. 
The examiner will find on chart* drawn more than a 
century ago, with bearings iinil leading-murk*, many of 
thu rocks supposed to be recent discovt i it s. 
Kmiiih, The Mediterranean. 
2. A sheet of any kind on which information 
is exhibited in a methodical or tabulated form: 
as, a historical chart; & genealogical chart; 
a chartoi the kings of England. 3. A written 
deed or charter. 
In old c/m/'/x we lind the words Aiujli and Anglici con- 
tradistinguished to l''l-f(IK'i. 
llruiti/, Illtrod. to Old Eng. Hist., Gloss., p. 11. 
Conical, globular, gnomonlc, Isocyllndrtc, parallelo- 
grammatic, polyconic, sinusoidal, stereographic. 
etc., chart. See projection. Mercator's chart (named 
from Gerardus Mercator, a Flemish chartographer, 1512- 
84), a chart on which the meridians are straight lines, paral- 
lel and equidistant; the parallels of latitude are straight 
lines, the distance between which increases from the equa- 
tor toward either pole, in the ratio of the secant of the lati- 
tude to the radius. See 'projection. Plane chart, a 
representation of some part of the surface of the globe 
in which the meridians are supposed to be parallel to one 
another, the parallels of latitude at equal distances, and 
of course the degrees of latitude and longitude every- 
where equal to one another. Ptolemaic Chart. See 
projection. Selenographlc chart, a map of the moon. 
Topographic chart, a chart showing the topography 
of a particular place or a small part of the earth's surface. 
= Syn. Chart, Map. As the words are commonly used, a 
chart is a draft of some navigable water with its connected 
land-surface ; a map is a draft of some portion of land with 
its connected water-surface, either as a separate work or as 
a division of a general geographical atlas. 
chart (chart), v. [< chart, n.] I. trans. To lay 
down or delineate on a chart or map ; map out : 
as, to chart a coast. 
What ails us, who are sound, 
That we should mimic this raw fool the world, 
Which chart* us all in its coarse blacks and whites? 
Tennyson, Walking to the Mail. 
In charting rainfall records, which depend so largely 
upon the location of gauges and the local topography. 
Science, VII. 256. 
II. intrans. To make charts. 
The rapid rotation of this planet . . . makes it impera- 
tive that the work both of observing and charting should 
be very hastily performed. Sci. Ainer.Supp., XXII. 8774. 
charta (kar'tii), . ; pi. charts (-te). [L. : see 
card 1 , chart, cartel.] Literally, a paper orparch- 
ment; a charter. See cfeart. Magna Charta (or 
Magna Carta). () The great charter of the liberties 
(Manna Charta Libertatum) of England, signed and sealed 
by King John in a conference between him and his barons 
at Runnymede, June 15th, 1215. Its most important ar- 
ticles are those which provide that no freeman shall be 
taken, or imprisoned, or proceeded against, except by the 
lawful judgment of his peers or in accordance with the 
law of the land, and that no scutage or aid shall be im- 
posed in the kingdom (except certain feudal dues from 
tenants of the crown), unless by the common council of 
the kingdom. The remaining and greater part of the 
charter is directed against abuses of the king s power as 
feudal superior. The charter granted by Henry III. is 
only a confirmation of that of his father, King John. Hence 
() A general term for any fundamental constitution 
which guarantees personal rights and civil privileges. 
chartaceous (kar-ta' shius), a. [< L. charta- 
ceus, < charta, paper: see card 1 .] In hot., pa- 
pery; resembling writing-paper. Also carta- 
ceotts. 
chartae, n. Plural of charta. 
chartelt, . See cartel. 
charter (char'ter), . [< ME. chartre, chartere, 
< OF. chartre, cartre, < L. chartiila, a little paper 
or writing (in ML., a charter, etc., equiv. to 
charta), dim. of charta, a paper, charter, etc.: 
see chart and card 1 . For the ending -ter, ult. 
< L. -tula, cf . chapter.} 1 . A written instrument, 
expressed in formal terms and formally exe- 
cuted, given as evidence of a grant, contract, 
etc. ; any instrument, executed with form and 
solemnity, bestowing rights and privileges, in 
modern use the name is ordinarily applied only to govern- 
ment grants of powers or privileges of a permanent or 
continuous nature, such as incorporation, territorial do- 
minion, or jurisdiction. As between private persons it is 
also loosely applied to deeds and instruments under seal 
for the conveyance of lands ; a title-deed. Royal charters 
are such as are granted by sovereigns in conveying certain 
rights and privileges to their subjects, such as the Great 
Charter granted by King John (see MagiM Charta, under 
<-fuii-tn\ and charters granted by various sovereigns to 
boroQgba and municipal bodies, to universities and col- 
leges, or to colonies and foreign possessions ; somewhat 
similar to which are charters granted by the state or legis- 
lature to banks and other companies or associations, etc. 
In Scots law a charter is the evidence of a grant of heri- 
933 
table property made under the feudal condition that the 
grantee shall annually pay a sum of money or perform cer- 
tain services to the grantor, and it must be in the form of 
a written deed. Tin- mo^t ronimon charters are feu char- 
ters. (See feu.) In American taw a charter is a writ- 
ten grant from the sovereign jtower conferring rights or 
privileges ii]M>n a mmiiripulity or other corporation. Tin- 
term is gi'litTiilly applied to tile statute, letters patent, or 
articles of association sanctioned by statute, creating a 
corporation, as a city, college, stock-company, benevolent 
society, or social club. 
Let the danger light 
Upon your chni-t- /-, ami \<mr city's freedom. 
fihak., M. of V., iv. 1. 
Borough after borough was compelled to surrender its 
privileges ; and new charter* were granted which gav<- the 
ascendency everywhere to the Tories. Macni'luii. 
Christianity, in its miracles and doctrines, is the very 
eliiirimuu\ pledge which I need of this elevation of tin- 
Human Soul. Channing, Perfect Life, p. 24S. 
2. Privilege; immunity; exemption. [Rare.] 
I gyf sow chartire of is, and joure cheefe maydens. 
Morte. Arthure (E. E. T. S.), 1. 3050. 
I must have liberty 
Withal, as large a charter as the wind, 
To blow on whom I please. 
.S7i*., As you Like it, ii. 7. 
3. In com. : (a) The letting or hiring of a ship by 
special contract: as, a ship is offered for sale 
or charter, (b) The limits or terms of such a 
contract, (e) The written instrument embody- 
ing the terms of the contract. 4. In Eng. 
politics, a sort of claim of rights, or document 
embodying the demands or principles of the 
Chartists. See Chartist Bank-charter Act. See 
IxtnW. Blank charter, a document given to the agents 
of the crown in the reign of liichard II., with power to nil 
it up as they pleased ; hence, figuratively, liberty to do as 
one pleases. Charter Of confirmation. See confirma- 
tion. Charter of the Forest, an English statute of 1297 
(25 Edw. I.), which restored lands, not of the royal demain, 
that had been taken by former kings for forests. It also 
affected the administration of the forest laws. Dongan 
Charter, a charter for the city of New York granted by 
Thomas Dongan, "Lieutenant-Governor and Vice- Admiral 
of New York anS its dependencies," under James II. of 
England, dated April 27th, 1086. It remained in force un- 
til 1730. An early charter of the city of Albany, by the 
same authority, is known by the same name. Great 
Charter. See Magna, Charta, under charta. Montgom- 
ery Charter, a charter granted to the city of New York 
by John Montgomery, "Captain-General and Governor- 
in-chief of the Province of New York and the Province of 
New Jersey and territories depending thereon in America, 
and Vice-Admiral of the same," under George II., dated 
January 15th, 1730. It succeeded the Dongan charter, and 
was not essentially changed until 1831. Open charter, 
in Scots law, a charter from the crown, or from a subject, 
containing a precept of sasine which has not been exe- 
cuted. Original Charter, in Scot* law, a charter which 
is granted first to the vassal by the superior. 
charter (char'ter), v. t. [< charter, .] 1. To 
hire or let by charter, as a ship. See charter- 
party. 2. To establish by charter: as, to 
charter a bank. 
charterable (char'ter-a-bl), a. [< charter, v., + 
-able.] Capable of being, or in a condition to 
be, chartered or hired, as a ship. 
cliarterage (char'ter-aj), . [< charter + -age.] 
The act or practice of chartering vessels. 
Charter-boy (chiir'ter-boi), n. In England, a 
boy educated in the Charterhouse. See Char- 
terhouse. 
Charter-brother (char'ter-bru5H"er), n. One 
of the inmates and pensioners of the Charter- 
house in London. 
Chartered (char'terd), p. a. [Pp. of charter, 
t\] 1. Hired or let by charter-party, as a ship. 
2. Invested with privileges by or as if by 
charter; privileged. 
When he speaks, 
The air, a charter'd libertine, is still. 
Shak., Hen. V., 1. 1. 
It can hardly be supposed that the smaller chartered 
cities whose privileges were modelled on those of London 
would follow these changes. Stubbs, Const. Hist., 422. 
3. Granted or secured by charter: as, char- 
tered liberties or privileges ; chartered power. 
Speculations regarding the sufficiency otchartered rights. 
Palfrey. 
charterer (char'ter-er), n. 1. One who char- 
ters ; particularly, in com., one who hires a ship 
by charter-party. 2. A freeholder. [Prov. 
Eng. (Cheshire).] 
Charterhouse (char'ter-hous), . [Corruption 
perhaps of F. Chartreuse, a Carthusian mon- 
astery, formed from the name of a waste and 
savage valley said to have been anciently call- 
ed Chartroiisse, in Dauphin6, in which the first 
monastery of the Carthusians, la Grande Char- 
treuse, was founded. See Carthusian. ] A chari- 
table institution or hospital and celebrated 
public school in London, founded in 1611 by Sir 
Thomas Sutton. It maintains eighty poor brothers 
(chiefly soldiers and merchants), and forty-four scholars, 
" the sons of poor gentlemen to whom the charge of educa- 
tion is too onerous." The reputation of its educational 
department (now at Godalming in Surrey) attracts a large 
chartreuse 
iminhfi 1 ,>f other pupils. The house was originally a Car- 
thusian monastery, founded in 1371. 
Charterist (chr't*r-it), . [< darter + -<.] 
Siunc as C/iitrlixt. (ii-nf. Mai]. 
charter-land (chiir'ter-land),' n. Land held by 
charter or in soca^c ; Imokland. 
charter-master (char'ter-mAj'ter), n. In the 
midland districts of Krigliind, a c<mtracti>r who 
undertakes to raise coal from the mines at a 
stated price. 
Charter-party (chiir'ter-piir ti). . [X V. charte 
jxirtic, lit. a divided charter, with reference to 
the practice of cutting the instrument in two, 
and giving one part to each of the contractors : 
clinrte, a charter; /Hirtir, fern, of parti, pp. of 
partir, divide: see chart, ////, r., and /inrti/.] 
In com., a written agreement by which a ship- 
owner lets a vessel to another person, usually 
for the conveyance of cargo, either retaining 
control of the vessel or surrendering it to the 
charterer. It usually contains stipulations concerning 
the places of loading and delivering, the freight payable, 
the number of lay-days, and the rate of demurrage. 
Chartism (char'tizm), n. [< chart (F. charte), 
charter, + -ism."] The political principles and 
opinions of the Chartists. 
Chartist (char'tist), n. and a. [< chart (F. 
charte), charter, + -1st.] I. n. One of a body 
of political reformers (chiefly working men) 
that sprang up in England about the year 1838. 
The Chartists advocated as their leading principles uni- 
versal suffrage, the abolition of the property qualification 
for a seat in Parliament, anmial parliaments, equal repre- 
sentation, payment of members of Parliament, and vote 
by ballot, all of which they demanded as constituting the 
people's charter. The members of the extreme section of 
the party, which favored an appeal to arms or popular 
risings if the charter could not be obtained by legitimate 
means, were called physical-force men. The Chartist* dis- 
appeared as a party after 1849. Also Charterist. 
Tin- attempt to apply the law of supply and demand to 
human labour, as rigorously as to cotton, coal, and mere 
commodities, had brought on in France the French revo- 
lution ; in this country Luddite riots, Chartist*, and rick- 
burning. R. J. Hinton, Eng. Radical Leaders, p. 117. 
II. a. Of or pertaining to the Chartists ; con- 
nected with Chartism. 
The distress of the labouring class was manifested in 
F.ngland by bread-riots, by threatening Chartist proces- 
sions, and by demands for help addressed to Parliament. 
Edinburgh Rev., CLXIII. 263. 
The Chartist movement represented one wing of that 
activity [the Reform agitation], and the more popular or 
radical one. It. J. Hinton, Eng. Radical Leaders, p. 58. 
chartless (chart'les), a. [< chart + -less.] Not 
charted, or not provided with a chart ; hence, 
without a guide or guidance : as, a chartless 
rover. 
chartographer, cartographer (kar-tog'ra-fer), 
n. [< chartography, cartography, + -er 1 .} One 
who prepares or compiles maps or charts, either 
from existing geographical materials or from 
investigation or description. 
I write this letter to explain the problem of the Tanga- 
nika, which has puzzled Livingstone and so many explorers, 
and indeed so many able cartographers. H. M. Stanley. 
Far in the distance rose . . . Saker Bair, a great sye- 
nite mountain, which seems to have done something to 
offend cartographers, for although it rises to a height of 
3,000 feet above the sea, it is not noticed in most maps. 
J. Baker, Turkey, p. 200. 
chartographic, cartographic (kar-to-graf' ik), 
a. JX chartography, cartography, + -ic.] Per- 
taining to chartography. 
In particular, we may notice the careful delineation of 
the vast basin of the Amazon, as showing a considerable 
advance in chartoyraphic certainty. 
Saturday Rev., July 23, 1864. 
chartographical, cartographical (kar-to- 
graf i-kal), a. Same as chartofiraphic. 
chartogfaphically, cartographically (kar-to- 
graf 'i-kal-i), adv. In a chartographic manner; 
by chartography. 
chartography, cartography (kar-tog'ra-fi), n. 
[< L. charta (or AIL. carta), a map, + Gr. -ipadla, 
< ypafyeiv, write.] The art or practice of drawing 
maps or charts. 
Undoubtedly Miletus was the birthplace of cartography. 
Von Ranke, Univ. Hist, (trans.), p. 160, note. 
chartomancy (kar'to-man-si), n. [< Gr. x a P T} K, 
a leaf of paper (see card 1 ), + ftavreia, divina- 
tion.] Divination or fortune-telling by means 
of cards or written papers. 
chartometer (kar-tom'e-ter), re. [< L. charta 
(ML. carta), a map, + metrum, a measure.] An 
instrument for measuring distances on maps 
and charts. 
Chartreuse (shar-trez'), n. [F. : see Charter- 
house.] 1. [cap.'] A monastery of Carthusian 
monks, especially in France. The Grande Char- 
treuse, near Grenoble in Dauphin^, is the most famous 
and the earliest of the order. 
2. A highly esteemed tonic cordial, obtained by 
the distillation of various aromatic plants, espe- 
