chaundry 
chaundry t, See chandry. 
chaunget, f. and . An obsolete form of change. 
chaungelingt, n. An obsolete form of change- 
ling. 
chaunlert, An obsolete form of chandler. 
chauntt, i'. and . See chant. 
chauntert, n. See chanter*. 
chauntresst, '* See cliaiitress. 
chauntryt, An obsolete form of chantry. 
chaup (chap), . [= chap*, 2. Cf. caupZ = 
coup*.] A Scotch form of chap*, 2. 
chauro, chauros (cha-o'ro, -ros), n. [Mex.] 
Same as churro. 
chaus 1 (chous), . [Also written chiaus, chiaous, 
and more recently ehaoitsh, repr. Turk, chd'ush, 
an interpreter, a messenger : see chouse.] Same 
as chouse, 1. 
chaus 2 (ka'us), n. [NL., appar. from a native 
name.] 1. The marsh-lynx, Felis chaus, in- 
habiting portions of Asia and Africa. 2. 
[cap.] A generic name of the aquatic lynxes 
resembling the above: as, Chans libyams, the 
Libyan chaus, and C. caffer, the Kafir cat. They 
live on birds or small quadrupeds, on which they spring 
like the domestic cat. They are somewhat larger than the 
cat, have the peculiarity of being fond of the water, and 
are excellent swimmers. 
chaussee (sho-sa'), n. [F., abbr. of rez de 
chaussee, the ground floor : res, on a level with, 
level (= ras, close-shaven, < L. rasus, pp. of ra- 
dere, shave: see rase, raze); de, of; chaussee, 
an embankment, a road: see causeway.] In 
fort., the level of the soil. 
chausses (sho'sez; F. pron. shos), n. pi. [F. 
[ = Cat. 
938 
The somewhat threatening attitude of France toward 
Italy 
he 
th 
chavet, An obsolete form of chaff*. 
chavelt (ehav'el), . [(1) < ME. chavel, chavyl, 
< AS. ceafl, pi. ceaflas, = OS. kafl, pi. kaflos, jaw, 
= MLG. kavel, kovel, jaw, gums, palate; with 
formative -I (and equiv. to Icel. kjaptr, kjoptr 
(nt pron. as ft) = Norw. Jejeft, kjaift, kjept. Icjaft 
= Sw. kaft'= Dan. kja-ft (> E. chaft, chap 2 , 
chop*), jaw, with formative -t) ; cf. MLG. knee, 
kewe, jaw of a fish, gill, = OHG. ehiiva, cheira, 
chiwe, MHG. kewe, also kiuwel, also OHG. 
chouwe, MHG. chouwe, kouwe, kouwe, jaw, the 
cavity of the mouth, = MD. kouwe, the cavity 
of the mouth ; with formatives as mentioned, 
and change of w to v or /, < AS. cedwan (pret. 
cedw), ME. chewen, E. chew = OHG. chiuwan, 
MHG. kiuwen, G. kauen, etc., chew: see clu-ir. 
and cf. chaw*, chaw 2 . With these words are 
confused in part the forms and senses of (2) 
D. kevel, gum, = MHG. kivel, kievel, kiefel, also 
kiver, G. kiffer (with formative -el or -er), jaw, 
gill, also MHG. kieffe, gill, G. kiefe, jaw, gill, = 
LG. kiffe, jaw, keve, gill, = Dan. kjaive, jaw, 
prop, from the verb represented by MHG. kifen, 
kiffen, gnaw, chew : see chafer*. The ME. form 
chavel, commonly in pi. chaveles (written chaue- 
les), passed over into the forms chauele, chawel, 
chawlc, clioul, cliowle, whence mod. E. jowl. To 
the same form through chawl is due in part the 
mod. E. chaw 2 =jaw: see chaw 2 , jaw, and jowl, 
and cf. chap 2 , chopS, chaft.] The jaw; espe- 
cially, the jaw of a beast. 
He strake the dragon in at the chavyl, 
That it come out at the navyl. 
Ywaine and Gawin, L 1991. 
chausse, pi. chausses, = Pr. calsa, caussa 
calsas = Sp. colza = Pg. calqas = It. calzo, calsa, 
< L. calceus, a shoe: see calceatc, v., and cf. 
calsons.] 1. Formerly, the clothing of the legs 
and feet and of the body below the waist. 
2. In medieval armor, the defensive covering of 
the legs, used before the introduction of cuisses 
and leg-pieces of plate-armor. The chansses of the chavel (chav'el), v. t. _ 
twelfth and thirteenth centuries were either of linked mail ., with ref. to chaw*, chew: see chavel, n., 
or made not unlike the gambeson ; in either case the defen- chaw* chew] To chew. [Prov. Eng.] 
sive part did not cover the lower portion of the body and _v._-i v~r , nurv '/.i/hw,; J>/> i rimnal -4- 
the back of the thighs, for this would have interfered with Chavel-bonet, . [ME. chavyl-bon , < chavel 
the seat on the saddle, but was attached to a sort of short bone.] A jaw-bone. 
breeches of linen, leather, or other similar material. See 
8cok tham be the berdes sua [var <0] 
That j L tnajr cfto ^ M [var . chauelis, chaules, chaulis] raue 
[reft, var. i-wratte] in tua [var. two]. 
Cursor Mundi, 1. 7510. 
[Also chawel ; < chavel, 
first cut (fig. 1) under armor. 
chaussont, n. [F. chausson (= It. calzone, in 
pi. calzoni (see calsons), < chausse, hose: see 
chausses.] In medieval armor : (a) The cover- 
ing for the foot : a general term, applied as well 
to the solleret (which see) as to the stocking 
of chain-mail of the early middle ages, (b) A 
secondary or additional leg-piece, as the leather 
With this chaoyl-bvn I xal [shall] the sle. 
Coventry Mysteries, p. 37. 
chavender (chav'en-der), n. [See cheven.] 
The fish otherwise called the chub or cheven. 
The bream, the cap, the chub and chavender, 
And many more that in fresh waters are. 
John Dennys, in Arber's Eng. Garner, I. 167. 
These are a choice bait for the chub or chavender. 
I. Walton, Complete Angler. 
garment "covering the thigh, whether over the Ohavica (kav'i-ka), n. [NL., from the name 
chausses of mail or replacing them for the con- of the plants in the South Sea islands.] A ge- 
yenience of the seat on the saddle ; also, a sim- nus of plants, natural order Piperacece, includ- 
ilar garment of gamboised work. Hewitt. ing the common long pepper and the betel-pep- 
chauvin (F. prou. sho-van'), . [F., said to be per. The species are now usually referred to 
"after a soldier named Nicolas Chaurin, so en- the genus Piper (which see), 
thusiastically devoted to Napoleon I., and so chavicha (chav'i-cha), n. An Alaskan Indian 
demonstrative in his manifestations of his ado- name of the Calif ornian salmon or quinuat, Oil- 
ration of him, that his comrades turned him into corhynehus chavicha. Also tchawytcha, chaoucha, 
ridicule." The name Chauvin is the same as Cal- choweecha, and chouicha. 
mn: see Calvinism.] Oneof those veterans of the chavlcic (cha-vis'ik), a. [< Chavica + -ic.] 
first French empire who, after the fall of Napo- Pertaining to or derived from plants of the ge- 
leon, professed the most unbounded admiration nus Cliarica. Chavlcic add, an acid found in pepper, 
of his person and his acts; hence, any one pos- and forming when extracted from it an amorphous resinous 
sessed by an absurdly exaggerated patriotism mass. 
or military enthusiasm, or by passionate and chavicin, chavicine (chay'i-sm), n. [< Chavica 
unreasonable devotion to an/cause. + -'? |2 > *"] An prgamc principle analogous 
chauvinism (sho'vi-nizm), n. [< chauvin + to piperme, found m pepper. 
-ism, after F. ehauvinisme.] The sentiments of chavisb.! (chav'ish), ,n. [E. dial. Cf. chatter.] 
a chauvin; enthusiastic, unreflecting devotion 
to any cause ; especially, absurdly exaggerated 
patriotism or military enthusiasm. 
Sir, I have no sympathy with chauvinism of any kind, 
but, surely, of all kinds that is the worst which obtrudes 
pitiful national jealousies and rivalries into the realm of 
science. Huxley, Address at Harvey Tricentenary, p. 397. 
chauvinist (sho'vi-nist), . [< chauvin + -4st.] 
A person imbued with chauvinism ; a chauvin. 
During the Crimean War they [the Slavophils] were 
known to be among the extreme Chauvinists who urged 
the necessity of planting the Greek cross-on the desecrated 
dome of St. Sophia in Constantinople, and hoped to see 
the Emperor proclaimed " Panslavonic Tsar." 
D. M. Wallace, Russia, p. 411. 
The Russian Chauvinists were flattered by seeing that 
the " true German Baron," which Bismarck affected to be, 
followed with much closer attention than any of his col- 
leagues the new liberal movement in our [Russia's] Press 
and literature. Translated in Lowe's Bismarck, I. 244. 
chauvinistic (sho-vi-nis'tik), a. [< chauvinist 
+ -ic.] Pertaining to or characterized by chau- 
vinism; fanatically devoted to any cause. 
Considerations which are not advanced in anything like 
a chauvinistic spirit. Athenaeum, Ko. 3076, p. 470. 
A confused chattering; a chattering, prattling, 
or murmuring noise. [Prov. Eng.] 
chavish 2 (chav'ish), a. [E. dial.] Peevish; 
fretful. [Prov. Eng.] 
chaw 1 (cha), r. [ A var. of chew, q. v.] I. trans. 
1. Same as chew, 1. [Now only dialectal or 
vulgar.] 
I am in love : revenge is now the cud 
That I do chaw. 
Fletcher (and another), Queen of Corinth, iv. 1. 
[Love] swallows us and never chaws ; . . . 
He is the tyrant pike, and we the fry. 
Donne, The Broken Heart. 
2f. Same as chew, 2. 
Chawing vengeaunce all the way I went. 
Spenser, V. Q., II. iv. 29. 
Chawed up, demolished ; badly discomfited. [U. S. 
slang.] 
II. intrans. To be sulky. [Prov. Eng.] 
chaw 1 (cha), n. [< chaw*, v.] As much as is 
put in the mouth at once; a chew, especially 
of tobacco ; a quid. [Vulgar.] 
chaw 2 t (cha), n. [Early mod. E., also chawe; 
now jaw, q. v.] The jaw. 
The chatfi and the nape of the necke. 
Holland, tr. of Pliny, xiiii. 2. 
cheap 
[This form occurred twice in the original edition (1611) of 
the authorized version of the Scriptures (Ezek. xxix. 4, 
xxxviii. 4), but in modern editions has been changed.] 
chaw-bacon (cha'ba"kn), n. [< chawi + obj. 
bacon.] A. country lout; a bumpkin. [Col- 
loq., Eng.] 
The fhaieoacatu, hundreds of whom were the Earl's ten- 
ants, raised a shout. Savage, Reuben lledlicott, ii. 10. 
chaw-bonet, An obsolete form of jaw-bone. 
chawcerst, " 1>I. [( F. chaussure or OF. chau- 
soirc, shoes, foot-gear, < chausser, shoe: see 
chausses.] Shoes. 
chawdront, See chaudron. 
chawelt, " Same as chavel. 
cha welt, ' t. Same as chavel. 
chawlt, n. A contracted form of chavel. See 
chavel, n., and jowl. 
chawmt, ' and n. See ehaicu. 
chawnt (chan), v. [Early mod. E. also written 
chaim, chawne, cltoiin, choane, and erroneously 
chaum, chaume; perhaps for *jaicn, a dial, form 
of yawn, q. v. (cf. chatc 2 , obs. form of jaw, and 
chawl, chaul, obs. forms of jowl) ; or perhaps 
(through choan) ult. < ME. chinen (pret. chon), 
< AS. cinan (pret. can), chine, gape : see chine*, 
and cf. shone (pron. shon or shoii), ult. < AS. 
scan, pret. of scinan, shine.] I. intrans. To 
gape ; open ; yawn. Sherwood. 
II. trans. To cause to yawn ; open. 
O thou all-bearing earth, . . . 
O chaune thy brest, 
And let me sinke into thee. 
Marslon, Antonio and Mellida, I., iii. 1. 
chawnt (chan), n. [Also written chaun (and 
erroneously chawm, chaum) ; from the verb.] A 
gape; a gap. 
The sun, with its mighty heat, so parched and filled it 
with chops and chamu. 
Bp. Craft, On Buruet'a Theory of the Earth, p. 113. 
Fendasee [F.], a cleft, rift, chop, choane. Cotgrave. 
chaw-stick (cha'stik), . Same as chew-stick. 
Chay 1 , shay (sha), w. [A false sing, for the 
supposed pi. chaise.] A chaise. [Colloq.] 
Have you heard of the wonderful one-hoss shayl 
0. W. Holmes, The Deacon's Masterpiece. 
chay 2 , chaya-root (cha, cha'fi-rot), n. Same as 
nhaya-root. 
chay 3 (sha), n. A European name for a Per- 
sian weight, the batman of Shiraz, equal to 12| 
pounds avoirdupois. 
cnayert, A Middle English form of chair. 
chayselt, See chaisel. 
cheapt (chep), v. [Also (chiefly dial.) chap, 
chop (see chap*, chop*) ; < ME. chepen, cheapien, 
chapien, < AS. eedpian, traffic, trade, buy or 
sell, buy, bribe (ge-ceapian, buy) (also cypan, 
sell), = OS> kopon = OFries. kdpia = D. koopen 
= MLG. kopen, LG. kopen = OHG. chovfdn, 
coufon, koufon, choufen, coufen, koufen, MHG. 
koufen, kettfen, traffic, trade, buy or sell, G. 
kaufen, buy (G. ver-kaufen = OS. far-kopon, 
sell), = Icel. kaupa, trade, bargain, = Sw. kdpa 
= Dan. kjobe, buy, = Goth, kaupon, traffic, trade 
(cf. OBulg. kupiti = Serv. kupiti = Bohem. kou- 
piti = Pol. kupic = Kuss. kiipiti; Hung, kupecz, 
buy; Finn. kauppata, trade; from Teut.), inform 
appar. from the noun (AS. cedp, etc.: see cheap, 
n.), but the verb is found earlier and is appar. 
not orig. Teut., but derived at an early period, 
through the traffic with Italy, < L. cauponari, 
traffic, trade, < caupo(n-), also copo(n-), later 
also cuno(n-), a petty tradesman, a huckster, 
an innkeeper (> OHG. choufo, a tradesman, 
trader, merchant) ; cf. caupona, a female huck- 
ster, a landlady, caupona, a retail shop, a tav- 
ern, inn ; cf . Gr. ndiri)^, a huckster, Kairj/Mveiv, 
drive a petty trade, nair^ia, retail trade, KO- 
ari'Miov, a tavern. According to Grimm and 
others, the verb (Goth, kaupon) is connected 
with Goth, kaupatjan, strike, with ref. to strik- 
ing a bargain, orig. make an agreement by 
striking hands. But the Goth. Teaupatjan means 
' strike ' only in the sense of ' buffet, slap,' in 
assault, and has no cognates (in that form and 
sense) in the other tongues. The figure of 
'striking' a bargain or agreement occurs in 
Latin (fosdits ferire or percutere) and in AS. 
(wedd sledn, as a translation of the Latin), but 
appar. not otherwise in the early Teut. The 
verb cheap is now superseded by cheapen, q. v. 
See cheap, n., chaffer*.] I. intrans. To trade; 
traffic; bargain; chaffer; ask the price of goods; 
cheapen goods. 
Were I worth al the wone of wymmen alyue, 
& al the wele of the worlde were in my honde, 
I schulde chepen & chose, to cheue [obtain] me a lorde. 
Sir Qawai/ne and the Green Knight (E. E. T. S.), 1. 1271. 
I see you come to cheap and not to buy. 
Heywood, Edw. IV., p. 66. (UaUiweU.) 
