cheer 
4. To salute with shouts of joy or cheers ; ap- 
plaud: as, to cliff r a public speaker. =Syn. 1. T.I 
Inspirit, comfort, console, solace, enliven, animate, ex- 
hihirate. 
II. iiitraiiK. If. To bo in any state or temper 
of mind; fare. 
How chfi-i-fl tlioil, Jessica? filinfr., M. of V., iii. :,. 
2. To grow cheerful; cast off gloom or de- 
spondency; become glad or joyous: often with 
up. 
At sight of thee my gloomy sonl rhrrr* y<. 1'hilijix. 
Come Annie, come, clm-r HJ> before I go. 
TVnii.i/M"', Knoell \nlen. 
3. To utter a cheer or shout of acclamation or 
joy. 
Ami even the ranks of Tuscany 
Could H(-;irre tol'lteai 1 to i-ln-i-i \ 
Miii-<iii{iii'- lloratius, St. 00. 
4. To fare ; prosper. 
If thon flu-Hi- well t.i tliy supper, 
Of mine thou takes in> care. 
JMiin II iii"l mill Hi'- /jV.'/.wi- (Child's Itallacls, V. 190). 
cheer 2 t, " and . [MK. chrrn; I'll: iv, < OF. chcr, 
chirr, V. flier = Pr. cur = Sp. Pg. It. caro, < L. 
carux, dear, loved, loving, precious, costly : see 
caress, cherish, and charity.'] I. . 1. Dear; 
loved. 
Archlhigon, the choise kniulit. was there to his fader, 
The noble Duke Nestor, that noyet full sore. 
DmtruetitiH of Ti-i-,1 (E. K. T. .), 1. 10.W4. 
A loml more cheer? to thee of alle. 
Wydif, Wisdom, xii. 7 (Oxf.). 
2. Worthy; fit. 
The there men of loml. 
lioltert of Gloucester (ed. Heame), p. IWi. 
lie chese liym a chere man, the charge for to beire. 
Destruction of Troy (E. E. T. S.), 1. 1772. 
II. n. A dear one ; a friend. 
Then Achilles to that there [Telephus, his companion) 
choisly can say. 
Destruction of Troy (E. E. T. S.), 1. 5280. 
cheer 3 , . English dialectal and former literary 
form of chair. Shale., Hamlet (folio ed., 1623). 
cheer 4 (cher), . [Native name.] A name of 
Wallich's pheasant, I'hasianits wallichi. 
The cheer ... is a native of the western Himmalehs 
to the borders of Nepal. . . . The cheer is a local species, 
dwelling at from 4000 to 8000 feet of elevation and haunt 
ini; grassy hills covered with oak and pine. 
Stand. Xat. HM., IV. 221. 
cheerer (eher'er), . 1. One who gives cheer or 
utters cheers ; one who or that which gladdens. 
Thou cheerer of our days. 
Wotton, Hymn on the liirth of Prince Charles. 
2. A glass of spirit and warm water. [Prov. 
Eng.] 
cheerful (cher'ful), a. [< cheer, n., + -ful, 1.] 
1. Of good cheer; having good spirits; gay; 
lively : said of persons. 
You do look, my son, in a mov'd sort, 
As if you were dismay'd : be cheerful, sir. 
.SAaJK, Tempest, iv. 1. 
True piety is cheerful as the day, 
Will weep indeed and heave a pitying groan 
For others' woes, but smiles upon her own. 
Confer, Truth, 1. 177. 
2. Cordially willing; genial in action ; hearty; 
ungrudging. 
God loveth a cheerful giver. 2 Cor. ix. 7. 
A cftccrAii-giving hand, as I think, madam, 
Requires a heart as cheerful. 
Fletcher, The Pilgrim, i. 1. 
3. Characterized by or expressive of good spir- 
its ; associated with agreeable feelings ; lively ; 
animated : as, cheerful songs. 
A merry heart maketh a cheerful countenance. 
Prov. xv. is. 
If what you sent me last be the product of your melan- 
choly, what may I not expect from your more cheerful 
hours? Gray, Letters, 1. 8. 
A man he seems of cheerful yesterdays 
And confident to-morrows. 
Wordsworth, Excursion, vii. 
4. Promoting or causing cheerfulness; glad- 
dening; animating; genial: as, the cheerful 
sun ; a cheerful fire. 
In the afternoon to St. Lawrence's church, a new and 
cheerful pile. Kn-hin, Diary, May 28, 1082. 
He now hears with pain 
New oysters cry'd, nor sighs for cheerful ale. 
J. Philips, Splendid Shilling. 
= Syn, Lightsome, gleeful, blithe, airy, sprightly, jocund, 
jolly, buoyant. See cheery. 
cheerfully (cher'ful-i), adr. In a cheerful man- 
ner, (a) With pleasure, animation, or good spir- 
its. (6) With alacrity or willingness ; readily. 
The Corporal did not approve of the orders, but most 
cheerfully obeyed them. Sternr, Tristram Shandy, ix. 20. 
cheerfulness (eher'ful-nes), n. [< cheerful + 
-MCSS.] The state or quality of being cheerful, 
(a) A state of moderate joy or gaiety. 
Health is the condition of wisdom, and the sign ischeer- 
fulness an open and noble temper. Emerson, Success. 
943 
(Z>) Alacrity; readiness; geniality. 
He that sheweth mercy, with cheerfulness. Kom. xii. v 
= Syn. Ml f/li. I /, ,lnl,i'.*. ete. See mirth. 
cheerily (oneVi-fi), tulr. In a cheery manner; 
with cheerfulness; with K" 1 "' spirits; heartily: 
as, to set to work chc<-ril</. 
Cmne, 'tii'i-i'ifit, 1-oys, about our hu,-ii 
ilrnn . unil Ft., Little French Lu\i-r. 
cheeriness (cher'i-nes), . [< cherry + -IH-HX.] 
The quality or state of being cheery : cheerful- 
ness ; gaiety and good humor : as, his cheeri- 
ness was constant. 
He [Bryant] fills the mind with the i< usssof 
springtime. 1>. ./. Hill, Bryant, p. 203. 
cheering(cher'ing),;>.. [Ppr. of </) ',)'] Im- 
parting joy or gladness; enlivening; encourag- 
ing; animating: as, cht-i -riiii/ news. 
The sacred sun . . . diffused his cheering ray. Pope. 
cheeringly (cher'ing-li), adv. In a cheering 
manner, 
cheerishnesst (cher'ish-nes), H. [< 'cheerish 
(not used; < cheer 1 + -isli 1 ) + -ness.] Cheerful- 
ness. [Bare.] 
There is no Christian duty that is not to be seasoned and 
set off with cheerinhnfss. Milton, Divorce. 
cheer less (cher'les), a. [(cheer 1 + -leas.'] With- 
out joy, gladness, or comfort; gloomy; desti- 
tute of anything to enliven or animate the 
spirits. 
All's clieerlett, dark, and deadly. Shut., Lear, v. 3. 
cheerlessly (cher'les-li), adv. In a cheerless 
manner; dolefully. 
The loneliness of the situation, the night, the uncer- 
tainty cloaking the object of his coming, all affected him 
cheerlessly. L. Wallace, Ben-Hur, p. 409. 
cheerlessness (cher'les-nes), n. [< cheerless + 
-ness.'] The state of being cheerless. 
cheerlyH (cher'li), a. [< cheer 1 + -ly 1 .] Gay; 
cheerful ; not gloomy. 
Hurdles to weave, and cheerly shelters raise. 
Dyer, The Fleece, i. 
Their habitations both more comfortable and more cheer- 
I;/ in winter. Ray, Wisdom of God. 
cheerly 1 (cher'li), adv. [< cheerly 1 , a.] Cheer- 
ily; cheerfully; heartily; briskly. 
Lusty, young, and cheerly drawing breath. 
Shot., Rich. II., 1. 3. 
cheerly^t, adv. [< ME. cherli, cherelichc, cher- 
Hch; < cheer 2 + -fy 2 .] 1. Lovingly; tenderly. 
The cherl ful cherli that child tok in his armes. 
William of Palerne (E. E. T. S.), 1. 62. 
And Achilles the choise kyng cherly he prayit, 
To let the lorde haue his lyffe for lewt of hym, 
That woundit was wickedly to the wale dethe. 
Destruction of Troy (E. E. T. S.), 1. 5205. 
2. Worthily; fitly. 
Cherelich [var. cherlich] as a cheueteyn his chambre to 
holden. Pier* Plowman's Cretle (E. E. T. S.), 1, 582. 
cheerup 1 (cher'up), v. t. [For cheer up; sug- 
gested by chirrup, which in turn is sometimes 
changed to cheerup: see cheer -up 2 and cftirp 1 .] 
To make cheerful ; enliven. [Rare.] 
To drink a cheeruping cup. 
SmoUett, Humphrey Clinker. 
cheerup 2 t (cher'up), v. . [A variation of chir- 
rttp, ult. of chirp 1 -, q. v. Cf. cheerup 1 .'] To chir- 
rup; chirp. 
cheery (cher'i), a. [< cheer 1 + -y 1 .] 1. Show- 
ing cheerfulness or good spirits; blithe; gay; 
sprightly ; jocund : as, a cheery tone of voice ; 
always cheery and in good humor. 
They were set in their places, and were a little cheery 
after their journey. Bunyan, Pilgrim's Progress, p. 315. 
And though you be weary, 
We'll make your heart cheery 
And welcome our Charlie 
And his loyal train. 
Jacobite Song, Come o'er the Stream, Charlie. 
On what I've seen or pondered, sad or cheery. 
Byron, Don Juan, xiv. 11. 
2. Having power to make gay; promoting 
cheerfulness ; enlivening. 
Come, let us hie, and quaff a cheery bowl. 
Gay, Shepherd's Week, Friday, 1. 9. 
The house had that pleasant aspect of life which is like 
the cheery expression of comfortable activity in the human 
countenance. Haitthorne, Seven Gables, xiii. 
One [painting] is constrained, sad, depressing, autumnal ; 
the other free, cheery, summer-like. 
T. HOI, True Order of Studies, p. 130. 
= Syn. Cheerful, Cheery. When cheerful means producing 
cheer, it is only by what seems distinct metonymy, as in 
such phrases as 'the cheerful beams of the sun,' 'a cheer- 
ful flre.' Cheery is coming into increasing use, represent- 
ing cheerfulness in its more active forms or manifesta- 
tions, and especially that cheerfulness which is contagious. 
What then so cheerful as the holly-tree? 
Smthey, The Holly-Tree. 
cheese 
It was like a north-west wind in summer to get your 
: little letter of interest and memorv. 
N. Hull-/,-,., in Merriam, II. 431. 
cheest. Preterit of chese 1 , the common Middle 
English form of clmose. 
And chfea hire of his owen auctoritie. Chu 
cheese 1 (die/.). . [< MK. I-IH-HI-, < AS. </.. !//, 
also rymi = OS. l.'ttxi. 1,'it-xi Or'ries. t:.ixi } = D. 
l:nx = M U : . Uft ,l&, 1,1 tt = 011(1. eliftxi, M I H ! . 
l:it-xi; O. kasc = Sp. queso = I'g. ijiit-ijo = It. 
(also prob. = Ir. coin = Gael, ciiixr = \V. I 
ehee>e,<L.oaww,ML.oafttf,obeeBe. seen, 
etc. The Scand. word isdifferent: Icel.<wfi'=Sw. 
Dan. ost, cheese.] 1. The curd or casein of milk, 
coagulated by rennet or some acid, separated 
from the serum or whey, and pressed in a vat, 
hoop, Or mold. All the acids separate the ehecse from 
the WmJ\ neutral salts, mi.l likewise all earthy ami me 
tall ie salts, produce the sai Meet ; but rennet, which is 
made by macerating in uater a pie. of the last stomach of 
a calf, salted and dried fur tin-. ].ni].-e. ^ nio>t etliei. ut. 
Tbe (lowers of the tr/itiin:i r.-i-niii. or yellow lady's-bed- 
straw, and the Juice of the fig-tree very readily coagulate 
milk. There are many kinds of cheese, which diiter from 
one another ace. inline to the quality of the milk employed 
and the mode of preparation. AV;rt cheenex, such as cream- 
cheese, Bath and Yorkshire cheese, will not keep long. 
//,/ , -:l cheeses, as Cheshire, Gloucester, Cheddar, Parmesan, 
and Dutch, can lie kept a long time. There is also an in- 
termediate class, as Uruyere, Stilton, etc. Cheese is emu 
posed of from 30 to 50 per cent, of water, 20 to 35 per cent. 
of casein, 18 to 30 per cent, of fat, and 4 to per cent, of 
mineral matter. 
2. A mass of pomace or ground apples pressed 
together in a cider-press. 3. The inflated ap- 
pearance of a gown or petticoat resulting from 
whirling rounu and making a low courtesy, sup- 
posed to resemble a large cheese ; hence, a low 
courtesy. 
What more reasonable thing could she do than amuse 
herself with making cheeses! that is, whirling round . . . 
until the petticoat is inflated like a balloon and then sink- 
ing into a curtsey. l>>- tjuincey, Antobiog. Sketches, vi. 
It was such a deep ceremonial curtsey as you never see 
at present. She and her sister both made these cheeses 
in compliment to the new-comer, and with much stately 
agility. Thaclferny, Virginians, xxii. 
4. pi. Same as cheese-cake, 3 Banbury cheese, a 
cheese formerly made at Banbury, England, atid supposed 
to be dry, with a thick rind. 
You Banbury cheese ! Shak., M. W. of W., i. 1. 
Brickbat Cheese, a cheese made chiefly in Wiltshire, 
England, of new milk and cream, and sold in square pieces. 
Brie Cheese, a soft, salted, white cream-cheese made in 
the region about the city of Meaiix, in the district of Brie, 
France. Camembert cheese, a rich sweet cream-cheese 
of a yellowish color, made in the region about the village 
of Camembert in Normandy. Chalk for cheese. See 
chalk. Cheddar cheese, a rich fine-flavored cheese made 
at Cheddar in Somersetshire, England. Cottage cheese, 
a preparation of pressed curds, made without rennet, and 
served with salt or sugar and cream. Also called Dutch 
cheese, pot-cheese, and smear-case (Dutch sweer-kaas). 
[U. S. ] Cream-Cheese, (n) A cheese of soft, buttery con- 
sistency, such as the Brie and Neufchatel cheeses, (b) 
Same as cottage cheese. Dunlop cheese, a cheese made 
in Ayrshire, Scotland. Dutch Cheese, (a) A small, 
hard cheese, made in globular molds from skimmed milk. 
The outside is colored red with a preparation of madder. 
(6) Same as cottage cheese. Gloucestershire cheese, a 
rich mild variety of cheese, of two qualities, single and 
double, the former containing half and the latter all the 
cream of the milk. Groaning cheese', a cheese form- 
ing part of the blithemeat or entertainment provided at 
the Dirth and christening of a child. 
It is customary at Oxford to cut what we in the North 
call the Groaning Cheese in the Middle when the Child 
is born, and so, by degrees, form with it a large Kind of 
Ring, through which the Child is passed on the Christen- 
ing Day. Bourne's Pop. Antiq. (1777), p. 403. 
Gruyere Cheese, a kind of cheese made in the Jura re- 
gion of both Switzerland and France, and also among the 
Vosges mountains: so called from Gruyere, canton of 
Fribourg, Switzerland. The curd is pressed In large and 
comparatively shallow cylindrical molds, and while in the 
moid is heavily salted during a month or more. The cheese 
is intermediate between the hard and the soft cheeses, is 
of a pale-yellowish color, and is traversed by abundant 
air-bubbles and passages. Llniburger cheese, a cheese 
made at Herve, near Limhnrg in Belgium, and imitated in 
the Fnited States. It is eaten in a state of putrefaction. 
Lincolnshire Cheese, a small soft cheese made of new 
milk and cream. Neufchatel cheese, cream thickened 
by heat and then pressed in a small mold, made at .Neuf- 
chatel-en-Bray in Normandy. It is esteemed a great deli- 
cacy. Parmesan cheese, a hard, dry. grainy, and high- 
flavored Italian cheese colored with saffron. A considera- 
ble degree of heat is used In its manufacture. Pineapple 
cheese, a hard yellow cheese molded into somewhat the 
form of a pineapple. Pont 1'Evftque cheese, an es- 
teemed soft cream-cheese of much tho character of Neuf- 
chatel cheese, made about Pont 1'Eveque in Normandy. 
Pot-Cheese. Same as cottage cheese. Roquefort 
cheese, a French cheese made at Roquefort in Guienne, 
from the milk of ewes. When sufficiently dried and com- 
pacted the cheeses are placed in a recess of a deep cavern 
In the limestone rock at Roquefort, in which the tempera- 
ture is always about 40" K. While in the cave the cheeses 
are salted, and the mold which forms upon them is scraped 
off from time to time, passing successively in color, in the 
course of about 40 days, from white through blue to a 
reddish tint, when the cheese is ready for use. Sage or 
green cheese, cheese colored by means of sage or other 
leaves. In Scotland lovage-seeds are also added. Slip- 
coat cheese, a rich variety of cheese made from milk 
