chimney-work 
beds, and then the higher ones, the miners 
standing on the fallen debris. It is much like 
the bell-work of Derbyshire. [Midland coal- 
fields, Eng.] 
Chimonanthus (ki-mo-nan'thus), n. [NL. (in 
allusion to their time of flowering), < Gr. x tl ~ 
fiuv, winter (< x el P- a > wintry weather; cf. xiirv, 
snow, = L. Mems, winter), + avffof, a flower.] 
A genus of shrubs, natural order Calycantha- 
cece, consisting of two species. C.fragrans, a native 
of Japan, and popularly called Jaian allspice or winter- 
flower, was introduced into England in 17GO, and is a great 
favorite because of its early sweet-scented flowers. It is 
generally trained against walls. The other species has 
but recently been discovered in China. 
chimpanzee (chim-pan'ze or -pan-ze'), n. 
[Also written cJiimj/iMsce, and formerly ehim- 
penza ; = F. Pg. chinipaiizS = Sp. chimpance : 
from the native Guinea name.] A large West 
African ape, Troglodytes (or Anthropopitliecus or 
Mimetes) niger, belonging to the anthropoid or 
man-like monkeys, of the family Simiida; and 
suborder Anthropoidea, with dark blackish- 
brown hair, flesh-colored hands and feet, arms 
reaching to the knee, and very large ears, and 
like the orang in having the hair on its forearm 
Chimpanzee ( Troglodytes ttigtr). 
turned backward, but differing from it in having 
an additional dorsal vertebra and a thirteenth 
pair of ribs. In its organization and form it presents a 
close resemblance to man. The structure of its lower ex- 
tremities enables it to walk erect better than most of the 
apes, although its habits are in reality arboreal, and when 
on the ground it usually goes on all-fours. It feeds on 
fruits and nuts, lives in small societies, and constructs a 
sort of nest among the branches of trees. The height of 
a full-grown male chimpanzee is about four feet. This 
animal is most nearly related to the gorilla. 
dumpings (chim'pingz), n. pi. [E. dial. ; cf. 
chimble^ and champ 1 .] Grits; rough-ground 
oatmeal. Grose; Halliwell. 
chimy (shim'i), n. [E. dial., also shimmy, < F. 
chemise: see chemise and camis.] A smock; 
shift. [Prov. Eng.] 
chin (chin), n. [< ME. chin, < AS. tin, *cinn = 
OS. kinni = OFries. kin, ken = OD. kinne, D. kin = 
MLG. kinne, kin, LG. kinn = OHG. chinni, MHG. 
kinne, kin, G. kinn, the chin, also in comp. the 
cheek or jaw, = Icel. kinn = Sw. Dan. kind = 
Goth, kinnus, the cheek, = L. gcua = Bret, gen, 
the cheek, = W. gen, the chin, = Gr. yevvf, the 
chin, the jaw, also the edge of an ax (> yiveiov, 
the chin, jaw, cheek, also the beard), = Skt. 
hanu, the jaw.] 1. The lower extremity of the 
face below the mouth ; the point of the under 
jaw in man, or a corresponding part in other 
animals. 
If you did wear a beard upon your chin, 
I'd shake it on this quarrel. Shak., tear, ill. 7. 
2. In sodl., the mentum. 3. In Botifera, a 
ciliated muscular part or process just below the 
mouth To wag one's chin, to talk ; especially, to talk 
rapidly, tediously, or with little sense ; jabber. [Colloq.] 
chin (chin), v. ; pret. and pp. chinned, ppr. chin- 
ning. [< chin, n.] I. in trans. To talk. 
II. trans. To talk to, especially with assur- 
ance or impudence. [Slang in both uses.] 
china (chl'na), n. [Short for chinaware, where 
china is the European name (China) of the 
country (called by its own people Chung Kwoh, 
the Middle Kingdom or Country, or Chung Hwa 
Kwoh, the Central Flowery Country) used attrib- 
utively. Cf. Sp. china, chinaware, China silk, 
china-root; Hind. Pers. chini, china.] The com- 
mon name of porcelain and of porcelain-ware. 
See porcelain Blue china, specifically, Chinese por- 
celain decorated with blue laid on the paste before the glaz- 
ing. Also called Nankin porcelain and Hue and white. See 
porcelain. Clobbered China. See clobber. 
962 
china-ale (ehi'na-al), . A drink composed of 
ale flavored with china-root and bruised cori- 
ander-seed, added before fermentation. An imi- 
tation of this was made by beer flavored after fermentation 
with spice, lemon-peel, and sugar. Bickerdyke. 
China aster, bark, blue, etc. See the nouns. 
china-clay (chi'na-kla), . Clay suited for the 
manufacture of chinaware or porcelain. See 
kaolin. 
china-grass (chl'na -gras), . The Bcehmeria 
nii-ea, which yields the rhea- or ramie-fiber. See 
Btehmeria and grass-cloth. 
Chinaman 1 (chl'na -man), n. ; pi. Chinamen 
(-men). [< China + man.] A native of China, 
or a man of Chinese origin. 
The Chinaman can live and accumulate a surplus where 
a Caucasian would starve. N. A. Ren., CXXVI. 522. 
chinaman 2 ! (chi'na-man), n. ; pi. chinamen 
(-men). [< china(ware) "+ man.'] A manufac- 
turer of china. 
For some time the manufactory was successful and em- 
ployed 300 hands; but before long one of the partners died, 
and the survivor, "John Crowther, chinaman," was ga- 
zetted bankrupt in 1763, and the whole stock was sold off. 
Encyc. Brit., XIX. 641. 
Chinaman's-hat (chi'nji-manz-hat), n. A col- 
lectors' name for a shell of the family Calyptrce- 
idic, Calyptra;a sincnsis. 
chinampa (ehi-nam'pa), n. [Mex.] The na- 
tive name of the floating gardens once com- 
mon on the Mexican lakes. They were care- 
fully constructed rafts covered with earth, on 
which plants were cultivated. 
Chinampas or floating gardens of mud heaped on rafts of 
reeds and brush, which in later times were so remarkable 
a feature of Mexico. E. B. Tylor, Encyc. Brit., XVI. 209. 
chinar (chi-niir'), . Same as chinar-tree. 
china-root (chi'na-rot), n. 1. The root or 
rhizome of the Smilax China, a climbing shrub- 
by plant, a native of eastern India, China, and 
Japan. It is closely allied to sarsaparilla, and was for- 
merly much esteemed for the purposes for which the 
latter drug is now used. The tuberous roots of several 
species of smilax of the United States and tropical Ameri- 
ca have been used as a substitute, and are sometimes called 
American or bastard china-root. In Jamaica the name is 
given to Vitis sicyoides. 
2. Galangal. 
chinar-tree (chi-nar'tre), n. [< Hind, chinar 
(< Pers. chenar), the plane-tree, + tree.] The 
Oriental plane-tree, Platanus orientalis. Also 
spelled chenar-tree. 
Like a chenar-tree grove, when winter throws 
O'er all its tufted heads his feathering snows. 
Moore, Lalla Rookh, Ded. 
china-shell (chi'na-shel), n. A collectors' name 
of the Ovulum ovum, given in allusion to the 
white porcelain-like surface of the shell. See 
Ovulum. 
china-shop (chi'na-shop), n. A shop in which 
china, crockery, glassware, etc., are sold. A 
bull in a China-shop, a person who commits great de- 
struction or does great harm through ignorance, careless- 
ness, or blind rage : from a story of a runaway bull break- 
ing into a china-shop and smashing its contents in his 
furious movements. 
Now they are all away, let us frisk at our ease, and 
have at everything, like the bull in the china-shop. 
Thackeray, Book of Snobs, xviii. 
china-stone (chi'na-ston), n. 1. An old name 
for kaolin or porcelain-clay. 2. A stone found 
in Cornwall, and used for the making of porce- 
lain. It is a partially decomposed granitic rock having 
still more quartz, mica, etc., than the kaolin of China. 
china-token (chi'na-td"kn), n. A small piece 
of porcelain or fine earthenware upon which is 
inscribed the promise to pay a sum of money, 
or some similar memorandum : used in pottery- 
and porcelain-factories in the intercourse be- 
tween the workmen and their employers. Those 
of the Worcester Porcelain Company are small flat disks 
with the letters W. P. C. on one side and the promise or 
agreement on the other. Jeuritt, 
China-tree (chl'na-tre), . The pride-of-India, 
Melia Azedarach, a native of India, widely cul- 
tivated in warm countries for shade. 
Shaded by china-treef, in the midst of luxuriant gardens, 
Stood the houses of planters, with negro-cabins and dove- 
cots. LongfrtloK, Evangeline, ii. 2. 
Wild china-tr^l, the soapberry, Sapindui marginatus, a 
native of northern Mexico, the West Indies, and adjacent 
United States : so called from its resemblance to the cul- 
tivated china-tree. 
chinaware (chi'na-war), . [< China + ware"*. 
See china.] Porcelain-ware. 
china-withe (chi'na-with), n. In Jamaica, the 
plant Smilax celastroides. 
chin-band (chin 'baud), n. Any portion of ap- 
parel passing under the chin, whether for pro- 
tection or to hold the head-dress in place. Spe- 
cifically (a) Same as cheek-band, 1. (b) In armor the 
strap or series of metal plates that holds the helmet on 
the head, passing under the chin. Also called chin-piece. 
chincapin, n. See chinkapin. 
chinching-iron 
chinceryt, Same as chinchery. 
chinch 1 !, and . [Early mod. E. also chince; 
< ME. chinchc, chynche, var. of chiche, < OF. 
chiche, niggard, mean, miserly: see chich?.] I. 
a. Same as chiclft. 
II. n. Same as chich 2 . 
chinch 1 !, ''* [ME. c/ij'nc/ien; from the adj.] To 
be niggardly. 
Chynchyn, or sparyn mekylle, perparcua. Prompt. Pan. 
chinch 2 (chinch), n. [Also improp. chintz; < 
Sp. Pg. chiitclui = It. cimice, < L. cimex (cimic-), 
a bug: see Cimex.] 1. Same as chinch-bug, 1. 
2. The common bedbug, Cimex lectularius. 
chincha 1 (chin'cha), n. [S. Amer.] A South 
American rodent quadruped, Lagidium cuvieri. 
See Lagidium. 
chincha 2 , n. See chinche 2 . 
chinch-bug (chinch'bug), n. 1. The popular 
name of certain fetid American hemipterous 
insects of the genus Blissus, somewhat resem- 
Chinch-bug and Pupa (Blissus Itucoptcrus). 
(Vertical lines show natural sizes.) 
bling the bedbug, very destructive to wheat, 
maize, etc., in the southern and western United 
States. Also chinch, chink-bug. 2. The bed- 
bug. 
chinche 1 !, See chinch 1 . 
chinche 2 , Chincha 2 (chin'che, -cha). n. [NL. 
chinche, chincha, chinga, applied to the skunk ; 
perhaps a native Amer. name, but cf. Sp. Pg. 
chinche, a bedbug: see chinch^.] A name of 
the common American skunk, Mephitis mephi- 
tica. Also cinche. 
chinchert, n. [ME. chynchyr, chynchare; < 
chinch 1 , T., + -er 1 .] A niggard. 
chincheryt, . [ME. chincherie, chyncenj ; < 
chineher, a niggard: see chincher, chinch 1 .] 
Niggardliness. Chaucer. 
Chinchilla (chin-chil'ii), n. [Sp., = Pg. chin- 
chillia; of S. Amer. origin.] 1. A small South 
American rodent quadruped of the genus Chin- 
chilla, especially C. lanigera; a pika-squirrel. 
Chinchilla lanifcra. 
The common chinchilla is 9 or 10 inches long, with large 
rounded ears, long hind legs, 5 toes on the fore feet, a long 
bushy tail, and beautifully line pearly-gray pelage, in great 
repute in furriery. 
2. Some related animal of the family Chinchil- 
Hdte: as, Cuvier's chinchilla (Lagidium curieri). 
3. leap.] [NL.] The typical genus of the 
family Chinchillidte : synonymous with Eriomyg. 
4. The fur of these animals, which is used 
for tippets, muffs, linings to cloaks, pelisses, 
etc. 5. A thick heavy cloth for women's win- 
ter cloaks, with a long napped surface rolled 
into little tufts, in imitation of chinchilla fur. 
chinchillid (chin-chil'id), n. A rodent mammal 
of the.family Chinchillidce. 
Chinchillidse (chin-chil'i-de), n. pi [NL., < 
Chinchilla, 3, + -idee.] A family of the hys- 
tricomorphie series of simplicident rodents, 
confined to South America, and related to the 
Cavies. It contains the genera Lagostoiiius, Lagidium, 
and Chinchilla, or the viscachas and the chinchillas. See 
cuts under chinchilla and viicacha. 
Chinchillina (chin-chi-li'Da), n. pi. [NL., < 
Chinchilla, 3, + -ia 2 .] A group of rodents cor- 
responding to the family Chinchillida'. 
chinching-iront, [Appar. assibilated form 
of "chinking-iron : see chinsing-iron.~\ An iron 
used in calking chinks. 
