chinching-iron 
Also take good hcde of your wynes cilery nyght with a 
oandell, bothe rede wynr and >.ctc wyuc, .V hike the y 
reboyh- nor leke nut, it wawdic y loi" 1 hfdcs cuery nyght 
with coldc watiT, A lukeye haui' a chynehytigt I/run, MOM, 
ami lynun clothes, yf nede Ijc. 
/.'". (K. E. T. 8.), P. 2B7. 
Chinchona (chin-cho'na), . Same as r/i7/. 
chin-cloth (ehln'kloth), w. A sort of muftler 
worn by woraon in the time of Charles I. 
chin-cloutt (ohlnTdont), . Same as chin-cloth. 
Then- hangs (In: lower part of a gentlewoman's gown, 
witli a mask anil a cftim-littit. 
JUiiltllrlon, Mad World, ill. 3. 
Chln-COUght (chin'kof), H. [For *f/ /,-<///. 
< chink*, = /,</(/, -, + cough. See Mnfr 2 and *//- 
Ao#(.] Same as 
It shall ne'er In- said in our country 
Thou dicdst u' tli oMn-wqfA. Fletcher, ]<<iiiiliira. 
She ran to the assistance uf thr good man, ril1ilx.il In- 
forehead, ami i-lap|n-il him on tin' kirk, a* is practised 
with rhil'hvn whim they have the <'h<n <-n<i<ilt. 
XiiHiltrtt, tr. of (ill lilas, ii. 1. 
Chine^ (chin), r. [< JIK. rliiurn, cliyiiin (prct. 
i'lin/i),< AS. ViMrtM, in comp. to-ciunn (lo-, K. 
to- 2 , apart), split, crack, chink, = OS. kiitan = 
MD. I), kinin, split, germinate, sprout, dawn, 
= OHG. kinan, chineii, MUG. kinni, split, ger- 
minate, sprout, = Goth, kciiinii, germinate, 
sprout, in comp. ita-keinan, sprout, grow; with 
present-formative -n, from the Teut. / "ki, in 
Goth. *kijan, ppr. kijnns, in comp. us-kijtiii, 
sprout, grow, whence also ult. OS. kimo = 
OHGr. chimo, MHG. kime, G. keim, a sprout, 
shoot, bud, germ (> G. keimen, sprout, germi- 
nate), and OHG. "chidi, *kidi (in comp. frnmi- 
kidi), MHG. hide, G. dial, keid = OS. kith = AS. 
eith, E. chit, a sprout, shoot : see chit 1 ; perhaps 
ult. connected with the root of kin, kind, etc. : 
see kin 1 , kind*, fce/i 2 .] I. intrans. To split 
open; crack; chink; chap. 
Thet gles ne breketh lie chineth and the sunne schineth 
ther thurh. Old Eng. Homilies (ed. Morris), p. 83. 
I >ini,;r drinkeles was his tonge 
His lippes to clouen and chyiwd. 
Holy Rowl (ed. Morris), p. 142. 
Now brik is maade of white erthe, or rubrike, 
Or cley, for that is made in sonier heete 
To sone is drie, an forto chyne is like. 
Palladia, Hushondrie (E. E. T. S.), p. 166. 
II. trans. To split; crack; burst; lay open. 
And growen [read mown, gnaw| bothe gras and ston 
Tho that deth her hert chon. 
Bom. of Arthour and Merlin, 1. 7763. 
Chyne that sanion. Babees Book (E. E. T. S.), p. 265. 
So deadly it imprest, 
That quite it chynd his backe behind the sell. 
Spenser, F. Q., IV. vi. 13. 
chine 1 (chin), n. [< ME. chine, chyne, chene, < 
AS. cirnt, also cine (not *cine), = MD. kene, D. 
keen, a chink, rift, crack, D. also a germ ; from 
the verb: see chine 1 , D.] If. A crack; chink; 
rift; cleft; crevice; fissure. 
My culuer [dove] in the holis of the ston, in the chyne of 
a ston wal. Wyclif, Cant. ii. 14 (Oxf.). 
There was sonityme in the myddel of Rome a greet chene 
in the erthe. Trevisa, I. 233. 
In a chine of the Roch made he entry, 
For gret doubte had of Gaifrayes uiolens. 
Rom. of Partenay (E. E. T. S.), 1. 4343. 
2. A ravine or large fissure in a cliff : a term 
especially common in the Isle of Wight and 
Hampshire, England : as, Black-gang chine. 
chine 2 (chin), n. [< ME. chine, chyne, < OF. 
eschinc, F. echine, the spine, = Pr. esquina, en- 
quena = Sp. esquena = It. schiena, the chine, 
backbone, < OHG.skind, MHG. schine, the shin- 
bone, a needle, a prickle, G. schiene, Shin, shin- 
bone, splint, = AS. scina, E. shin, q. v.] 1. The 
backbone or spine : now commonly used only 
of an animal. 
Arthur smote hym a-gein so sore that he perced the 
shelde and the haubreke that the shafte shewed thourgh 
the chyne be-hynde an arme lengthe. 
Merlin (E. E. T. S.), ii. 222. 
These eighteene thankesgiuings are for the eighteene 
bones in the chine or backe-bone, which must in saying 
hereof be bended. Purckas, Pilgrimage, p. 197. 
They shew us the bone or rib of a wild boare said to have 
been kill'd by Sir Guy, but which I take to be the chine of 
a whale. Evelyn, Diary, Aug. 3, 1654. 
At this presents her with the tusky head 
And chine with rising bristles roughly spread. 
Dryden, Meleager and Atalanta, 1. 217. 
2. A piece of the backbone of an animal, with 
the adjoining parts, cut for cooking. 
I do honour a chine of beef, I do reverence a loin of veal. 
Beau, and Fl., Woman-Hater, ill. 2. 
I learned from him that he had killed eight fat hogs for 
this season, that he had dealt about his chines very liber- 
ally amongst his neighbours. Addition, Sir Roger In Town. 
3. Figuratively, a ridge of land. 
Northwards ... is Jebel Ohod ; a hill somewhat be- 
yond Ohod ; these are the last ribs of the vast primitive 
963 
and granitic chine that, extending from Lebanon to near 
Aden, and frm \>: \l n-rat, frinyrs tin- Ata 
Mm trapezium. /:. /'. r,:nt,,n, i;i Mudinaii, p. -ai. 
The chine of highland, whereon we stood, curved tu tin- 
right and left of us. /'./>. lilfifkut'ii-'', l."rna l>i..uii', p. \r.t. 
Mourning of the chine. *" I/I.,/-/-,I/./.--TO mose In 
the chine, s, ,- BUM 
chine- (chin), v. t. ; pret. and pp. chined, ppr. 
chining. [<<-ltin<'-, n,] To cut through the back- 
bone or into chine-pieces. 
Chinf or slit him [the I'liilb) through the iniildli-. 
ll'<r/tr./,, Cuiuljlete AngliT, ]i. ti7. 
chine 3 (chin), . [A corruption of chimb'* = 
chime", by confusion with chine 1 or (/'<'-.] 1. 
An erroneous form for chime (of a cask). 
The old and mouldy casks had rutted away at their 
1'hitirx. The American, VI. 208. 
2. A part of a ship. See chime^, 2. 
chin6 (she-na'). <* [F., prop. pp. of chiner, color, 
dye, orig. in Chinese fashion, < Chine, China.] 
Literally, colored in Chinese fashion: applied 
to fabrics in which the warp is dyed in differ- 
ent colors, so that a mottled effect is produced, 
or in which a double thread, formed of two 
smaller threads of different colors twisted to- 
gether, is used to produce a similar mottled or 
speckled appearance. Figured chine silks im\. a 
plain ground, nut the flowers and bouquets forming tin- 
pattern have an indistinct and cloudy appearance, ]>ro- 
dticed by the breaking of minute particles of color into 
one another. 
chined (chind), . [< chine* + -ed 2 .] Back- 
boned: used in composition : as, "eteel-chiim! 
rascals," Beau, and Fl., Scornful Lady, v. 1. 
Chinee (chl-ne'), n. [< Chinese, adj. as noun, 
sing, and pi., and as pi. regarded as *('hinees, 
as if from a sing. Chinee. So aborigine has 
been developed from the L. pi. aborigines; and 
cherry, sherry, etc., from singulars in -s taken 
for plurals.] A Chinaman. [Colloq.] 
For ways that are dark, 
And for tricks that are vain, 
The heathen Chines is peculiar. 
Bret flarte, Plain Language from Truthful James. 
chine-hoop (chln'hop), n. The last hoop at the 
end of a cask. 
Chinese (chi-nes' or -nez'), a. and n. [< China + 
-ese; = F. chinois = Sp. chino = Pg. chinez = G. 
chinesisch, etc.] I. a. Of or pertaining to China. 
Chinese Act. See net. Chinese art, the art of China; 
one of the chief branches of Oriental art. Chinese archi- 
tecture makes extensive use of the baml>oo ; and its forms 
and methods of construction, even in brick and stone, are 
chink 
tic creations. Chinese blue, capstan, classics, cross- 
bow, duck, fire, glue, lantern, wax, white, yellow, 
i-tc. SIT th<- IKil!li>. 
II. n. 1. /</. and /it. (plural also I'oniu-j 
ly Chinesrs). A native or natives of China; 
>l ilically, a iiirnilicr or members of the prin- 
cipal indigenous race of China proper, as dis- 
tinguished from other Mongoloids, such as the 
Manchus, the present ruling race in the Chinese 
empire. 
'Flu- barren plaints 
Of Sericana, when- 'V,, /;,-.<,< drive 
With sails and wind their cany waggons light. 
\l,n.:i,. V. I..,iiL 4:?J. 
We have seen them [writers of fiction] apparelled in the 
caftan of a Persian, and the silken rube of a Chinese, and 
are prepared to suspect their real character under every 
disgui N.,//. Monastery, I. SB. 
2. The language of China, it U a numosyllahi.- 
tongue, and on this ground is generally classed with the 
other languages of the same character in southeastern 
Asia, in Further India and the Himalayas, as i-onitituting 
the monosyllabic family. It exists In many dialects, of 
which the Mi-rallrd Manilarin is tin- K-ailing and otlirial 
one. It is composed of only about 500 words, as we Khmdd 
distingui.-h tin in in u riling, all of them ending in a vowel- 
sound or in a nasal, although some of the dialects still re- 
tain final mutes, lost in Mandarin. This small body of 
words, however, is raised to 1,500 by differences of the 
tone of utterance, as rising, falling, even, abrupt, and so 
on. The language is without inflection, and even without 
distinction of parts of speech ; but words are classed as 
" full " or "empty," according as they are used with their 
full meaning or as auxiliaries in forming phrases : like 
our will and have in "I icill it," "they Kace it." on the 
one hand, and in " they mill have seen It," on the other. 
Chinese records go back to altout 2000 B. c., and the litera- 
ture is immense and varied. The mode of writing U by 
signs that represent each a single word in one of Its senses 
or in a certain set of senses. The signs are of ideographic 
or hieroglyphic origin ; but the greater part of them at 
present are compound, and many contain a phonetic ele- 
ment along with an ideographic. They number in the 
dictionaries about 40,000; but only the smaller part of 
these are in current and familiar use. They are written 
in perpendicular columns, and the columns follow one 
another from right to left. The language and mode of 
writing have been carried to the neighWring nations that 
have received their culture from China, especially Japan, 
t'orea, and Annam, and have been more or less borrowed 
or adopted by such nations. 
chingle (ching'gl), n. [A dial, variant of shin- 
gle%, q. v.] 1. Gravel free from dirt; shingle 
(which see). 2. In coal-mining, a portion of 
the coal-seam stowed away in the goaves to help 
in supporting the roof of the mine. [Scotch.] 
cblngly (ching'gli), a. A variant of shingly. 
Scott. 
Chiniant,"- [X China + -fan.] Same as Chinese. 
Of lewes I remember not the mention of them in any 
Chinian relation. Purchas, Pilgrimage, p. 408. 
chiningt (chl'niug), n. 
A chine ; a crack. 
[Verbal n. of chinei, v.] 
largely influenced by this material. The roofs are usually 
tiled, and have characteristically a hollow dip, as if copied 
from the form of a tent. When rectangular, the lower 
corners are sharply turned up. Roofs in several project- 
ing tiers, one over the other, are usual in temples and 
towers. The tiling of the roofs is often glazed in va- 
rious colors, and the walls are frequently incrusted with 
porcelain tiles, and sometimes with marble slabs. The 
porcelain tower or ta of Nanking, destroyed in 1853, was a 
building of this nature ; it was 200 feet high, had 9 stories, 
and was surmounted by an iron spire or nnial. The pat- 
low, or carved memorial gateway, is another feature of 
Chinese architecture. A peculiarity of Chinese building 
is the practice of beginning with the roof, which is sup- 
ported on posta, and the walls are then built beneath it. 
Chinese drawing and painting are often of great delicacy, 
but show no knowledge of perspective. In the decora- 
tive branches of art, much of the work of the Chinese is 
of high merit. Their small brotees, and carvings in wood 
and ivory, are of great technical excellence, and as makers 
and decorators of porcelains they are unsurpassed. They 
are fond of the grotesque, and are very successful in deco- 
rative treatment of it, as, for instance, in their favorite 
carved and painted figures of dragons and kindred fantas- 
Ther as chyniny, clifte or scathe is. 
Palladia*, Hllsbondrie (E. E. T. S.), p. 41. 
chin-jerk (chin'jerk), n. The spasmodic con- 
traction of the muscles which close the jaws 
when the lower jaw is suddenly and involun- 
tarily depressed, as by a blow on something 
resting on the lower teeth. Also called jatc- 
jerk. 
chink 1 (chingk), . [An extension, with -k, of 
ME. chine, \ AS. ciini. cine, a crack, chine, 
chink: see chine 1 , .] A crack; a cleft, rent, or 
fissure of greater length than breadth; a gap: 
as, the chinlcs of a wall. 
Yet is this glimpse of this bright shining Sun comfui ta- 
ble throw this chinke and key-hole of our Tjodily prison. 
Purchag, Pilgrimage, p. 3. 
Looked at in reference to this globe, an earthquake is 
no more than a chink that opens in a garden walk of a dry 
day in summer. Theodore Parker, Ten Sermons. 
chink 1 (chingk), c. [Not found in ME. except 
as in chinse: see chink^, n., and cf. chinse. Cf. 
chine 1 , p.] I. intrans. To crack; split; gape. 
U. trans. 1. To cause to open or part and 
form a fissure ; make chinks in. 
The skin of that great body is chopped and chinked with 
drought. Bp. Hall, Seasonable Sermons, p. 15. 
Here they rode singly in a green twilight chinked with 
golden lights. The Century, XXXI. 73. 
2. To fill up chinks in: as, to chink a wall or a 
pavement. 
The intervals between the beds being chinked with 
stones of the minutest thinness. 
L. //. Morgan, Amer. Ethnol., p. 157. 
3. To put into a chink or chinks: as, to chink 
in mortar. 
chink 2 (chingk), v. [< ME. "chinken, chenken, 
an imitative word, a var. of clinken, E. clink : 
see clink, and cf. jingle (practically = "chinkle, 
freq. of ehinlfl), tinkle, etc.] I. intrans. To 
make a fine sharp sound, as that produced by 
the collision of small pieces of metal. 
Chymyn, or chenken wythe bellye [var. clinke bell], tin- 
tillo. Prompt. Pan., p. 75. 
Not a guinea chink'd on Martin's boards. S<eifl. 
