cingle 
('i'i)iiltitn-t\ ciiKihun-p lit.], to girt or cimile a liorse. 
FloHo. 
cingula, . Plural of cinr/ulniii. 
cingulate (sing'gu-lat), . [< NL. cingulatus, < 
L. cinyitla, ciiKjiiliini, a girdle : see cinyle, n., eiw- 
i/itlum.] In entom., sim-ounded by one or more 
colored bauds : used especially in describing 
the thorax or abdomen. 
cingulum (sing'gu-lum), n.; pi. cingula (-la). 
[L. (ML. NL.): see tingle.] 1. [ML., > Sp. 
cingulo = Pg. ciiif/tilo = It. cingolo.] JZccles., the 
girdle with which the alb of a priest is gathered 
in at the waist. 2. [NL.] In nnat. and zotil. : 
(a) A girdle, belt, or zone; also, the waist; 
some part constricted as if girdled. Specifically 
(1) The neck of a tooth, or the constriction separating 
the crown from the fang. 
A hand of dental substance (termed the cingulum) may 
surround the tooth, and even in man's own order (Pri- 
mates) may develop small accessory cusps which project 
downwards external to the two outer of the four principal 
cusps. Mivart, Elem. Anat., p. 264. 
(2) One of the zones of the carapace of an armadillo. 
(6) A longitudinal bundle of white fibers iiithe 
gyrus fornicatus, arising from below the genu 
of the corpus callosura in front, and extending 
down behind into the gyrus hippocampi, (c) 
In entom., a belt-like mark ; a transverse band 
of color. Say. 3. [NL.] In annelids, same 
as clitellum. 4. [NL.] In patliol., herpes zos- 
ter, or shingles. 
Ciniflo (sin'i-flo), n. [NL. (Blackwall), < L. cini- 
flo(n-), a hair-curler, < (?) cinis, ashes, + flare 
= E. Won- 1 .] A genus of spiders, of the family 
Agalenidte or giving name to the family Cini- 
flonidce. C. ferox, a very voracious species, is 
a type of the genus. 
Ciniflonidse (sin-i-flon'i-de), n.pl. [NL., < Cini- 
flo(n-) + -idie.~\ A family of spiders, typified by 
the genus Ciniflo, characterized by the peculiar 
spinnerets. Several species are common in England, 
living in crevices of rocks and walls, etc., or under leaves 
or old bark, and weaving nets of a most elaborate descrip- 
tion, connected witli their retreat by means of a tunnel, 
through which the animal darts when it feels the vibration 
of an insect in the web. By most arachnologists the typi- 
cal species are referred to the family Afjalr.mdte. 
CinixyinsBfsi-nik-si-i'ne), n.pl. [NL., < Cinixys 
+ -jwo,'.] A subfamily of Testudinidce, proposed 
1004 
cinnabaric (sin-a-bar'ik), a. [< cinnabar + 
-f'c.] Pertaining to cinnabar; consisting of 
cinnabar or containing it: as, cinnabaric sand. 
cinnabarine (sin'a-bar-in), a. [< cinnabar + 
-iiu'l. Of. Gr. Kiwafi&pivoc., like cinnabar, < KIV- 
mjapt : see cinnabar.'] Same as cinnabaric. 
cinnamate (sin 'a -mat), n. [< cinnam(ic) + 
-ate 1 .'] A salt of cinnamic acid. 
cinnamene (siu'a-men), n. [< cinnam(on) + 
-cue.'] A hydrocarbon (C 8 H 8 ) produced by the 
polymerization of acetylene, and from benzene 
and other hydrocarbons at high temperatures. 
It may thus often be detected in coal-tar. It occurs nat- 
urally in wtorax. It is a mobile liquid having an agreeable 
smell. Also called ciiinamnh' and *ti/i-<tl<>ni'. 
cinnamic (sin'a-mik), a. [< cinnam(on) + -ic.] 
Pertaining to or obtained from cinnamon. Also 
cinnamomic Cinnamic acid, 0H 8 q 2 , an acid found 
in storax, balsam of Toln, and other resinous bodies. It 
crystallizes in fine needles, is odorless, and is soluble in 
hot water and in alcohol. Oil of cinnamon is mostly an 
aldehyde of this acid. 
cinnamole (sin'a-mol), n. [< cinnam(on) + 
-olc.] Same as cinnamene. 
cinnamomeous (sin-a-mo'me-us), a. [< L. cin- 
namomum, cinnamon, + -eous.] Cinnamon-col- 
ored : as, the cinnamomeous humming-bird. 
cinnamomic (sin-a-mom'ik), a. [< Cinnamomum 
+ -ic.~\ Same as cinnamic. 
Cinnamomum (sin-a-mo'mum), n. [L. : see 
cinnamon.] A genus of plants, natural order 
Lauraeece, natives of tropical Asia and the 
Polynesian islands. They have ribbed evergreen 
leaves, and a 6-cleft calyx with 9 stamens in 3 rows ; each 
anther has 4 cells, which open by valves inwardly ex- 
cept in the outer row. All the species possess an aro- 
matic volatile oil. See cinnamon, camphor, and cassia- 
liffnea. 
cinnamon (sin'a-mon), n. and a. [Early mod. 
E. also cinamon, dial, sinament, etc. ; < ME. cin- 
amome, cynammn, synamon, etc., = OF. cina- 
momc = Pr. cinamomi = Sp. Pg. cinamomo = It. 
cinnamomo = OHG. sinamin, MHG. zinemin, 
zinment, G. zimmet, < L. cinnamomum, also cin- 
namum and cinnamon, ML. also cinamonium, < 
Gr. Kinid/iu/inv, also Kivauw/wv and Kiva/inv, < Heb. 
qinnamon, cinnamon, prob. connected with qa- 
neh, a reed, a cane; so canned, cinnamon, ult. 
< ML. canella, cannella, dim. of cana, canna, 
cane: see cane^.] I. n. 1. A tree of the ge- 
nus Cinnamomum, especially C. Zeylanicum. This 
cinquain 
II. a. Of the color of cinnamon ; light red- 
dish-brown. Cinnamon bear, the cinnamon-colon'. I 
variety of the common black bear of North America, 
I Vvi/x <i iiK'i'ffinin.*. 
cinnamon-brown (siii'a-mon-broun), n. Same 
as jilicnylenc broicn (which see, under brown). 
cinnamon-fern (sin' a-mon-fern), H. The Os- 
ni Hilda ciiinamomea: so called from the cinna- 
mon-colored sporangia which cover the fertile 
fronds. 
cinnamon-oil (sin'a-mon-oil), n. Same as oil 
of cinnamon (which see, under cinnamon). 
cinnamon-stone (sin'a-mon-ston), n. A variety 
of garnet, found in Ceylon and elsewhere, of a 
cinnamon, hyacinth-red, yellowish-brown, or 
honey-yellow color, sometimes used in jewelry. 
Also called c-ssonite, hessonite. 
Cinnamon-suet (sin'a-mon-su"et), n. A fatty 
substance obtained from the ripe fruit of Cin- 
namoiHHm Zcylanieuni. 
cinnamon-water (sin'a-mon-wa"ter), n. A 
medicinal beverage made from cinnamon-oil 
and water. 
cinnamyl (sin'a-mil), n. [< ci>inam(ic) -f- -yl.] 
The radical (C 8 H 7 CO) supposed to exist in cin- 
namic acid.- cinnamyl cinnamate, styracin. 
cinnyrid (sin'i-rid), . A bird of the family 
OinnyridtB, 
Cinnyridae (si-nir'i-de), . pi. [NL., < Cinnyris 
+ -iaa;.] A family of birds, named from the 
genus Cinnyris. The name has been made to cover a 
multitude of dissimilar forms, and is now disused. It is 
properly a synonym of SeetartntUa (which see), as ap- 
plied to the sun-birds. 
Cinnyrimorphae (sin"i-ri-m6r'fe), n.pl. [NL., 
< Cinnyris + Gr. fiopyi], form.] In Sundevall's 
system of classification, a cohort of oscine pas- 
serine birds with long extensile tongue, whence 
they are also called Tubilingties. it is composed 
of five families of the birds commonly known as tntn-birdtt 
ami honey-ituckern, belonging to the genera Drepanix, 
'httga, Nfctarinia, Cinnyris, and their allies. 
Cinixys beUiana. 
for the genus Cinixys. All the species are Af- 
rican. Also Kinijcyina. 
Cinixys (si-nik'sis), n. [NL. (Wagler, 1830), 
orig. written Kinirys (Bell, 1815), as if < Gr. 
Kivl'dataOm (ravi'j--), waver or sway to and fro, 
extended form of KiveiaOai, move : see kinetic.] 
A remarkable African genus of chelonians, of 
the family Testudinidce or land-tortoises, and 
constituting a proposed subfamily Cinixyinie, 
having the carapace mobile at the sides above 
the inguinal plates. 
cinkt, n. See cinque. Chaucer. 
cinkefoilet, . See cinque/oil. 
cinnabar (sin'a-bar), n. [Early mod. E. cina- 
bar, cinaber, cinober, cinoper (ME. cynoper); = 
D. cinaber, < F. cinabre = Pr. cinobri, cynobre 
= Sp. Pg. cinabrio = It. cinabro, formerly also 
cenabrio, = MHG. zinober, G. zinnober = Dan. 
citmober = Sw. cinober, < L. cinnabaris, < Gr. 
KiwdBapi, also Kivvdfiapif and Ttyydfiapi, cinna- 
bar, vermilion ; of Eastern origin : ef . Pers. zin- 
jarf, zinjafr = Hind, shangarf, cinnabar.] 1. 
Red sulphid of mercury. Xative cinnabar is a com- 
pact, very heavy mineral, sometimes finely crystallized, 
but more generally massive, occurring in Spain, Hungary, 
Chili, Mexico, California, Japan, etc. ; it is the principal 
and most valuable ore of the mercury of commerce, which 
is prepared from it by sublimation. Artificial cinnabar, 
prepared by subliming a mixture of mercury and sulphur, 
is an amorphous powder, brighter than the native cinna- 
bar ; it is used as a pigment, and is more usually called 
vermilion. Hepatic cinnabar is an impure variety of a 
liver-brown color and submetallic luster. 
2. A red resinous juice obtained from an East 
Indian tree, Calamus Draco, formerly used as 
an astringent; dragon's-blood Cinnabar lac- 
quer. See teener. Inflammable cinnabar. Same as 
idrittlite. 
cinnabar-green (sin'a-bar-gren), . A name 
sometimes given to chrome-green, especially 
in Germany. It contains no cinnabar or mer- 
cury. 
dnnyrimorphic (sin"i-ri-mor'fik), . [< <'in- 
>ii/rimor])}ia; + -ic.] Pertaining to or having 
the characters of the Cinnyrimorplive. 
Cinnyris (siu'i-ris), . [NL. (G. Cuvier, 1817), 
said to be < Gr. *Kivmpic, a small bird.] An ex- 
tensive genus of small tenuirostral passerine 
birds of Africa, of brilliant and varied hues; 
the sun-birds. The name has been used in 
different senses, but is properly a synonym of 
Nectarinia. 
cinopert, An obsolete form of cinnabar. B. 
Jonson. 
cinosternid (sin-o-ster'nid), n. A tortoise of 
the family Cinosternidee. 
Cinosterriidae (sin-o-ster'ni-de), . pi. [NL., < 
Cinosternum + -idee.] A family of fresh-water 
turtles, typified by the genus Cinosternum. They 
have the carapace aiid plastron united by suture, no inter- 
sternal bone, no intergular scuta, and no mesosternal bone. 
The species are inhabitants of the fresh waters of North 
and South America. Host of them emit a strong musky 
odor, and some are therefore called ^ink-turtles, stinkpots, 
and must-turtles. Also written Kinosternidce. 
cinosternoid (sin-6-ster'noid), a. and n. [< Ci- 
nosternum + -oid.] I. a. Pertaining to or hav- 
ingthe characters of the Cinosterniate. 
II. n. A cinosternid. 
Cinosternum (sin-o-ster'num), n. [NL. (Spix, 
1H24), irreg. < Gr. Kivciv, move, + arepvov, breast- 
bone.] A genus of small fresh-water turtles, 
Cinnamon < :>ui 
Zeylanicum}. 
tree is cultivated for its bark in Ceylon, Sumatra, and 
Borneo, and on the Malabar coast. It is sometimes con- 
founded with C. Cassia, which yields the Chinese cinnamon 
or common cassia-lignea (which see). 
2. The inner bark of Cinnamomum Zeylanicum. 
It is stripped from the branches, and in drying takes the 
form of rolls called quills, the smaller quills being intro- 
duced as they are drying into the larger ones. The true 
cinnamon is a grateful aromatic, of a fragrant smell and 
moderately pungent taste, accompanied with some degree 
of sweetness and astringency. It is used in medicine for 
its cordial and carminative properties, and is one of the 
best restorative spices. The bark of C. Cassia, being 
cheaper, is often substituted for true cinnamon, but it is 
thicker, coarser, and less delicate in flavor. 
Then take powdur of Synammne, & temper hit with red 
wyne. Sabees Book (E. E. T. S.), p. 160. 
The Islands are fertile of Clones. Nutmegs, Mace and 
Cinnamom. Haklut/t's Voyages, I. 214. 
Sinament and Ginger, Nutmegs and Cloves, 
And that gave me my jolly red nose. 
Jtavenscrqft, Deuteromela, Song No. 7 (1609). 
Black cinnamon, of Jamaica, Pimenta acris.OO. Of 
cinnamon, an oil obtained from the bark and leaves of 
different trees of the genus Cinnammimm. It consists 
chiefly of cinnamic aldehyde, C 9 HsO, mixed with various 
resins. White cinnamon, or wild cinnamon of the 
West Indies. See Canellai. 
Cinostfrnttt'i pennsylvanicum, 
giving name to the family Cinosternidtz. C. 
pennsylvanicum is a common mud-turtle of many 
parts of the United States. Also written Cino- 
sternon,. Kinosternon. 
cinqfoil (singk'foil), n. Same as cinquefoil. 
cinq-trou (singk'tro), n. [F., < cinq, five, + 
trou, hole.] In lace-making, a form of mesh in 
which large openings are set alternately in 
quincunx, the material which separates them 
being pierced with very small holes so placed 
as to surround the large ones. 
cinquain (sing-kan'), . [F., < cinq, five: see 
I'iin/Hc.] In old military evolutions, an order 
of battle governing the drawing up of five bat- 
talions so as to constitute three lines that is, 
a van, main body, and reserve. E. Phillips, 1706. 
