cinque 
cinque (HiNf;]<), . [< ME. rink, < OF. due, F. 
finq = Sj>. Pg. cinco = It. cinque, five, < L. 
quinquc = E. ./we, q. v.] 1. A group of five 
objects, or live units treated as one: used in 
certain games. 
These five rtii<in<'*, or these -J.'i round spots, in arms ilo 
signify nuiulxTs. 
/'. I'i'iii'r, [nterpratetfon of the Number Bttu 
2. pi. The changes which may be rung on a 
chime of eleven bells: so called bemuse live 
pairs of liells change places in the order of ring- 
ing every time a change is rung. Barons of the 
Cinque Ports. Sei- //.,<,. Cinque Ports, originally. 
tlve ports or havens on tin- SOII[|HTII shore <if Knglanil, 
toward France, namely, Hastings, Koinney, ll\lli.. Dover, 
and Sandwirli, to u hirb u ere alteru aril aiMeil \Vinrlu-Kra 
and Rye, together with a number of subordinate plans. 
These were anciently deemed of so much iiniiortance, in 
the defense of the kingdom auainst an invasion from 
France, that they received n.yal Brants of particular privi- 
leges, on condition of providing in case of war a en-lain 
number of ships at their own expense. The very am irni 
ottlce of warden of the <'in<me Ports is still maintainrd, 
with some of its aneient powers. 
cinque-centist ( ching-kwe-chen'tist), n. [< It. 
diK/HiTfiitixlit, < riiiqiiiTi-iilo : see cinque-cento 
and -ist.] 1. A writer or an artist of the six- 
teenth century ; one who imitates the sixteenth- 
century style. See cinqui'-ci'iitii. 
Careful observation anil the reading of l.an/i convinced 
me that nil the great Italian artists, including the r/, ///*/. 
centittx, had grown from a training of patient self-restraint, 
imposed hy masters who had never indulged their hands in 
uncertainty and dash. 1'unteuiporary /tec., XLIX. 477. 
2. A student of or authority on the period 
known as the cinque-cento. 
cinque-cento (ehiiig-kwe-chen'to), n. and a. [It. 
dnqueixnto, lit. 500 (< cinque, five (see cinque), + 
cento, < L. centum = E. hundred, q. v.), but used 
as a contraction 
of mille cinque 
cento, 1500, with 
ref. to the cen- 
tury (1501-1600) 
in which the 
revival took 
place.] I. . 
The sixteenth 
century, with 
reference to It- 
aly, and espe- 
cially with ref- 
erence to the 
fine arts of that 
period. 
n. a. 1. Exe- 
cuted or de- 
signed in the 
sixteenth cen- 
tury : applied 
specifically to 
the decorative 
art and architecture characteristic of the at- 
tempt at purification of style and reversion to 
classical forms which attained full development 
in Italy at the beginning of the sixteenth cen- 
tury ; also often loosely applied to ornament 
of the sixteenth century in general, properly 
included in the term renaissance. 
What is given the student as next to .Raphael's work? 
Cinque-cento ornament generally. Kuskin. 
2. Living in the sixteenth century. 
The process of casting as it was understood and prac- 
Used hy the Cinque-Cento medallists is also here described. 
Numin. Chron., 3d ser., I. 278. 
Cinquefoil (singk'foil), n. [Early mod. E. cinke- 
foile, < It. cinquefoglie, dnquefoglio, < cinque, 
five, + foglio, leaf: see cinque and foil 1 . Cf. 
F. quintefeuille, and see quinquefoliate.] 1. An 
ornament in the Pointed style of architecture, 
consisting of five 
cuspidated divi- 
sions. This form 
is frequently in- 
troduced in cir- 
cular windows, 
bosses, rosettes, 
etc. See foil. 
2. The common 
name of several 
species of plants 
of the genus 
Potentillii, from 
their quinate 
leaves. Also 
called JiiT-lin</<'i\ 
See Potentilln. 
Cinque-cento Work. Pedestal of the 
Perseus by Cellini, Florence. 
LX 
3. In her., a five- 
Cinquefoil. Southeast porch, Lincoln 
Cathedral. England. 
1005 
used MS a, hearing. It is represented conventionally 
as having a round leaf at the intersection of the tlve stems, 
and also as a figure with live lobes alwut a small circle 
forming the center. 
Also spelled din/liiil. 
Cinque-pace (singk''pas), . An old French 
dance, distinguished by a movement of five 
steps. 
Wooing, wcddjng, and repenting, is as a Scotch ji, a 
nit axure. and a fi /"/("' /(<<: . . . then comes repentance, 
and, with his hail ]e_-s, falls into the riiw/Mf-wrtetf faster and 
faster, till lie sink into bis -rave. .s'/m/,-., Much Ado, II. 1. 
Cinque-portt, . [< F. cinq, live, + portr, gate, 
port. Cf. ciiiqui' I'ortfi, under cinque.] A sort 
of fishing-net : so culled from the five entrances 
into it. /:. riiillijut, 1706. 
cinque-spotted (singk ' spot * ed), a. Having 
live spots. 
On her left breast 
A mole ,-ii/'/H' -*/,*, t/, ./. like tin- iTitnson drops 
I the iHittom of a cowslip, fihak., ('vmldine, ii. . 
cinquieme (F. pron. sang-kiam'), . [F., lit. 
lil'th, < I'iin/, live.] A coin of Louis XV. of 
France, the fifth part of an <5cu, or the quarter 
of a United States dollar. 
cinquino (It. pron. ching-kwe'no), n. [It., < 
cinque, five : see cinque.] An old Neapolitan 
money of account, the fortieth part of a ducat 
of the realm, being about an English penny. 
cintert, cintret, . See center 2 . 
Cinura (si-iiu'rii), n. pi. [NL., < Gr. tttvov/ie, 
shaking the tail, < Kiveiv, move, + oiipa, tail.] 
A group of thysanurous insects, in gome sys- 
tems of classification a suborder of the order 
Tlii/stinura, containing apterous ametabolous 
insects with peculiar mouth-parts, abortive or 
imperfect abdominal legs, and long abdominal 
appendages (whence the name). They are known 
as oriittletaitu, and are of the genera Campodea, Japyx, 
Lepimna, etc., commonly ranged in two families, Campv- 
detdce and Lrpiinnatidfe. See cut under Campodea. 
cinurous (si-nu'rus), o. [< Cinura + -ous.] 
Pertaining to or having the characters of the 
Cinura. 
cioid (si'o-id), a. and n. I. a. Of or pertaining 
to the family Cioida;. 
II. n. A beetle of the family Cioidte. 
Cioidae (si-6'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < Cis + -idee.'] A 
family of serricorn malacodermatous Coleopte- 
ra, typified by the genus Cis. The ventral segments 
are normally free, the tarsi are 4-jointed, and the antennrc 
are generally clavate, sometimes flabellate. Some of the 
species have clavicorn characteristics. Also called Cisidce. 
.See cut under CM. 
ClonH, n. An obsolete form of scion. Hoicell. 
Cion'-' (si'on), x. [NL., < Gr. K'IUV, a pillar, the 
uvula.] The uvula. 
-cion. [ME. -don, -dun, -doun, -tion, -tiuu, -tioun : 
see -tion.] An obsolete spelling of the termi- 
nation -tion. In coercion, epinidon, internedon, 
suspicion, the c belongs to the root. 
cionitis (si-o-ni'tis), n. [NL. (> F. cionitr), < 
Gr. K'IUV, a pillar, the uvula, + -itis.] In patltol., 
inflammation of the uvula. 
Cionocrania (si' ! 'o-no-la'a'ni-a), n. pi. [NL., < 
Gr. K'IWV, a pillar, a column, + Kpaviav, skull : 
see cranium. Cf. Gr. movdnpavav, munpavov, the 
capital of a column. ] Literally, column-skulls : 
a systematic name applied to the principal 
group of Lacertilia, from the fact that they 
possess a columella or column-bone of the skull. 
See Cyclodus. A\soKionocrania. [Karelyused.] 
The great majority of existing Lacertilia belong to the 
proccelous Kionocrania. Huxley, Anat. Vert., p. 196. 
Cionocrania amphlccelia, a division of Cionocrania con- 
taining those lacertilians which have amphicoclian verte- 
bne, as the Ancalabota, Rhjinchocephala, Hoinofonauria, 
and f'rotoroxauria. Cionocrania procoella, a division 
of Cionocrania containing those lacertilians which have 
procwlian vertebra), being all the Cionocrania excepting 
those above named. 
cionocranial (sl'o-no-kra'ni-al), a. [As Cio- 
nocrania + -al.] Having a column-skull, as 
a lizard; specifically, of or pertaining to the 
Cionocrania. Also kionocranial. 
Cionorrhaphia (si*o-no-ra'n-a), n. [NL., < Gr. 
KIUV, a pillar, the uvula, + paijai, a sewing, < 
P&VTCIV, sew.] Same as staphylorrhaphy. 
cionotome (si-on'o-tom), n. [<Gr. KIUV, a pillar, 
the uvula, + rofi&f, cutting, < re/tveiv, raufiv, 
cut.] A surgical instrument for excising a por- 
tion of the uvula. 
cionotomy (si-o-not'o-mi), . [< Gr. niuv, a pil- 
lar, the uvula, + Tofifi, a cutting: see anatomy.] 
In mrg., the operation of excising a part of the 
uvula. 
Cionus (si'o-nus), n. [NL. (Clairville, 1798), < 
Gr. KMJV, a pillar.] A genus of rhynchophorous 
beetles, of the family Curculionidce or weevils. 
C. verbasd is a globular species found on mullen 
and other scrophulariaceous plants. 
cipher 
CiperBt, . An ohsolete fonn of <///;><., 
crape. 
U by, doost tliinke I eannot nionrni-, imle-.e I wi are my 
bat in <-ifi>'i'x like an ahlel mans heire? 
Miifflini inn! U',l,.-lf,-, Malcontent, iii. 1. 
Ciper-tunnelt, . An erroneous form of ri/>litr- 
liiinii I. 
Cipher (si'fer), n. [Also riiiilur, early mod. E. 
also rifrr, rifn; < ME. "i-ifn. rt/,/iri = I), fijfi r 
= Dan. niffi'1- = S\v. xiffi-it, < ( )F. i-ifn; ]'. i-ln'lln 
( > Sw. i-liill'i-r) = Sp. I J g. rifru = if. rifrti, i-ifi r,i 
= MIK!. -ifir. :il)'ir, U. ziffer, a nmnhi-r, a s'i<,'n. 
< ML. rifru, :(ft-r. the figure (I, jil. ///';. the 
Arabic numerals (also applied to any occult 
characters), also (by association with zrjilii/rux, 
zephyr) WpmTWH (> It. -rjiro, contr. :i-rn, > Kp. 
Pg. zero = F. ztro, > E. ;i-rn, t\. v.); < Ar. nifr, 
;/'/, a cipher, lit. empty, nothing, < saftira, be 
empty.] 1. In arith. and alg., a character of 
the form 0, which by itself is the symbol of 
nought or null quantity, but when used in 
certain relations with otner figures or symbols 
increases or diminishes their relative value ac- 
cording to its position. Thus, in whole niimli. is a 
cipher when placed at the right hand of a figure increases 
its value tenfold, as 1, 10; in decimal fractions, hen 
placed at the left hand of a figure, it divides the value of 
that figure by ten, as, .1, one tenth, .01, one hundredth, 
etc. ; as an exponent it reduces the value of the expression 
whose exponent it is to unity, as xf> 1, ete. 
2. Figuratively, something of no value, conse- 
quence, or power; especially, a person of no 
weight, influence, usefulness, or decided char- 
acter. 
Mine were the very cipher of a function, 
To flue the faults, whose tine stands In record, 
And let go by the actor. Shak., M. for M., 11. 2. 
Our minister at the court of London is a cipher. 
S. Adams, in Bancroft's Hist. Const., II. 270. 
Here he was a mere cipher, there he was lord of the as- 
cendant. Irving. 
3f. A written character in general, especially a 
numeral character. 
This wisdom began to he written in cipher! and charac- 
ters, and letters hearing the form of creatures. 
Jtaleigh, Hist World. 
4. (a) A combination of letters, as the initials 
of a name, in one complex device, engraved, 
stamped, or written on something, as on a seal, 
plate, coach, tomb, picture, etc. ; a literal de- 
vice. See monogram, (b) In her., such a com- 
bination of letters borne upon a small es- 
cutcheon or cartouche, and substituted in an 
achievement of arms of a woman for the crest, 
which appears only in those of men. 5. A 
secret or disguised manner of writing; any 
method of conveying a hidden meaning by 
writing, whether by means of an arbitrary use 
of characters or combinations understood only 
by the persons concerned, or by a conventional 
significance attached to words conveying a dif- 
ferent meaning to one not in the secret ; cryp- 
tography. 
Ziferx or nota furtiva;, secret marks for the hiding of 
the writer's mind from others, save him to whom he 
writes it. Ilakewill, Apology, p. 281. 
I write you freely, without the cover of cipher. 
Honroe, in Bancroft's Hist. Const., II. 380. 
6. Anything written in cipher ; a cryptogram. 
7. The key to a cipher or secret mode of 
writing. 
cipher (si'fer), r. [< cipher, .] I. intrans. 1. 
To use figures; practise arithmetic by means 
of numerical figures or notation. 
Twas certain he could write and cipher too. 
Goldsmith, Deserted Village, 1. 208. 
2. In fox-hunting, to hunt carefully about in 
search of a lost trail : said of a (log. [New 
Eng.] 3. To run on three legs : said of a dog. 
[Kentucky.] 4. Of an organ-pipe, to sound 
independently of the action of the player, in 
consequence of some mechanical derangement 
in the organ. 
U. trans. [Cf. decipher.] 1. To reckon in 
figures; cast up; make out in detail, as or as 
if by ciphering: generally with up or out, and 
often used figuratively: as, to cipher or cipher 
up the cost of an undertaking; to cipher out 
the proper method of proceeding. [Chiefly 
colloq.] 2. To write in occult characters. 
The characters of gravity and wisdom ciphered in your 
aged face. Gouyh, Strange Discovery. (A'arw.) 
3f. To designate or express by a sign ; charac- 
terize. 
Some loathsome dash the herald will contrive, 
To cipher me how fondly I did dote. 
Shak., Lucrece, I. 207. 
4f. To decipher. 
The illiterate, that know not how 
To cipher what is writ in learned hunks. 
Shak., Lucrece, 1. 811. 
