Clack-valve. 
Preterit and 
clack-door 
clack-door (klak'dor), n. A plate of iron or 
brass covering an aperture in the side of a 
clack-box. It is attache.! by screws, and can be re- 
moved to give access to the valve-seat or recess into which 
the valve tits. 
clacker (klak'er), n. 1. One who or that which 
clacks; the clack of a mill; the clapper. 
This they find by the noise of those boat mills; their 
clackers beat much slower. 
Sir II. Mount, Voyage to the Levant, p. 18. 
2. A rattle used to frighten birds. See clack, 
11., 5. 
clackett, . [< clack + dim. -et.] Same as 
cluck, 5. 
clack-goose (klak'gos), w. [Sc. also elaik-goose, 
claik.] Same as barnacle^, 1. 
clack-mill (klak'mil), n. Same as clack, 5. 
clack-piece (klak ' pes), . The casting in 
which a clack-door is placed, and which forms 
the valve-chamber. See clack-door and clack, 4. 
clack-Seat (klak'set), H. In a locomotive, one 
of the two recesses in each pump into which 
the clacks fit. 
clack-valve (klak'valv), n. A valve with a 
single flap, hinged at one edge, and consisting 
of a plate of leather a little 
larger than the valve-aperture, 
used in pumps. The leather plate 
is strengthened above by a plate of 
iron a little larger than the opening, 
and below by another iron plate a little 
smaller than the opening. The diame- 
ter of the valve-box is generally one 
half more than that of the valve-open- 
ing. Also called clapper. 
clad (klad). [< ME. clad, cled, 
cladd, contr. from clathcd, ear- 
lier form of clothed : see clothe.] 
past participle of clothe. 
Cladt (klad), v. t. [Var. of clothe, clothe, after 
clad, pret. and pp.] To clothe. 
What, shall I clad me like a country maid ? 
Greene., James IV., iii. 3. 
cladanthus (kla-dan'thus), . ; pi. cladanthi 
(-thi). [NL., < Gr. /cAddof, a shoot, branch (see 
cladus), + di>(tof, a flower: see anther.] In moss- 
es, a flower terminating a lateral branch. 
cladding (klad'ing), n. [Verbal n. of clad, c. 
Cf. clothing.] Clothing; clothes. [Rare.] 
There were countless lords and ladies of high degree in 
claddings of past centuries. 
Xtw York Tribune, March 27, 1885. 
Cladenchyma (kla-deng'ki-mii), , [NL., < Gr. 
K/ddof, a branch, + eyxv/ia, an infusion, < ey%clv, 
infuse, pour in, < <fv, = E. in, + x" v , pour; cf. 
E. gush.] In bot., tissue composed of branch- 
ing cells. 
cladgy (klaj'i), fi. [Assibilated form of cloggy 
(q. v.) = cledgi/, q. v.] Stiff; tenacious; cledgy. 
[Rare.] 
Cladi, . Plural of cladus, 1. 
Cladine (klad'in). a. [< cladus + -incl.] Same 
as cladose. W. J. Sollas. 
Cladobranchia (klad-6-brang'ki-a), n.pl. [NL., 
< Gr. xAddof, a branch, + jipayxia, gills.] A 
small superfamily of nudibranchiate opistho- 
branchiate gastropods, having foliaceous, plu- 
mose, or ramose branchite, wlience the name. 
cladobranchiate (klad - o - brang ' ki - at), a. [< 
Cladobranchia -t- -ate 1 .] Pertaining to the Cla- 
dobranchia. 
Cladocarpi (klad-o-kiir'pi), n. pi. [NL., pi. of 
cladocarpus: see'cladocarpous.] One of the 
three groups into which the true mosses, Bry- 
acem, are divided. They are characterized by having 
the capsules borne at the ends of short lateral branches. 
The group includes the Fontinalece, or aquatic mosses. 
cladocarpous (klad-o-kiir'pus), a. [< NL. clado- 
carpus, < Gr. /vAddof, a shoot, a branch, + mp- 
ir6c, fruit.] In bot., having the fruit terminal 
upon short lateral branchlets : as, cladocarpous 
mosses. Also cladogenous. 
Cladocera (kla-dos'e-ra), n. pi. [NL., neut. 
pi. of cladocerus : see" cliiaocerous.] 1. In La- 
treille's system of classification, a section of 
his Branchiopoda lophopoda, equivalent to the 
Daphnides of Strauss or the Daphniacea of oth- 
ers. The section included such genera as Latona, Sida, 
and Polyphemus, and was practically equivalent to the 
following group of the same name. 
2. An order of Entomostraca or a suborder of 
Phyllopoda, comprising the small crustaceans 
known as water-fleas, abounding in fresh wa- 
ter. They are very prolific, produce ephippial eggs, molt 
frequently, are more or less transparent, have a bivalvular 
carapace hinged on the back, a single large eye, from 4 to 
6 foliaceous feet bearing branchia;, and large ramose or 
branched antennre (whence the name) acting as swimming- 
organs. Leading families are Daphniida, Polyphemida 
Lynceidce, and Sididce. Also Cladocerata. 
1022 
cladocerous (kla-dos'e-rus), a. [< NL. clado- 
cerus, < Gr. K/ddof, a branch, + Kt/iaf = E. horn.] 
Having branched or ramose antennee ; specifi- 
cally, pertaining to the Cladocera. 
Clad'odactyla (klad-o-dak'ti-la), H. [NL., < Gr. 
K/iddof, a branch, + ddxruAof, finger.] A ge- 
nus of dendrochirotous pedate 
holothurians : so called from the 
much-branched tentacular pro- 
cesses. C. crocea is a saffron- 
colored species inhabiting the 
southern seas. Brandt. 
cladode, cladodium (klad ' 6d, 
kla-do'di-um), .; pi. cladodfs, 
cladodia (-odz, -a). [NL. clado- 
dium, < Gr. MaooAiK, with many 
branches, lit. branch-like, < K/ia- 
<<uf, a branch (cf. dim. Mftiw, a 
branchlet), + ridoc, form.] In 
hot., a leaf-like flattened branch 
or peduncle, as in Buscus and 
some species of Plujllantlms. Also 
cladophyl. 
cladodont (klad'o-dont), a. [< 
Gr. KAddoc, a branch, + odorf 
(odoir-) = E. tooth.] Same as 
hybodont. 
Cladodus (klad'o-dus), . [NL., 
< Gr. KAddof, a branch, + odoi'f Cladode of Phyl- 
= E. tooth.] A genus of fossil /B" "**"" 
placoid fishes of the Devonian 
and Carboniferous periods, having teeth of the 
kind called cladodont or hybodout. Agassiz, 
1843. 
Cladogenous (kla-doj'e-nus). a. [< Gr. xAddoc, 
a branch, + -yevnc,, producing: see -genous.] 
Same as cladocarpous. 
cladome (klad'om), n. [< Gr. K/iddof, a branch : 
see cladus and -oma.] The branching arms or 
rays of a sponge-spicule of the rhabdus type, 
collectively considered. Each branch of the 
cladome is a cladus. 
The secondary rays are the arms or cladi, collectively 
the head or cladoitw of the spicule. 
Encyc. Brit., XXII. 417. 
Cladonema (klad-o-ne'ma), n. [NL. (Dujardin, 
1843), < Gr. KAadof, a branch, + vij/ia, a thread, < 
veiv, spin.] The typical genus of Cladonemida;, 
having branched or cladose tentacles, whence 
the name. 
Cladonemidae (klad-o-nem'i-de), n. pi. [NL., 
< Cladonema + -ida;'.] A family of Anthomc- 
dusw, typified by the genus Cladonema, having 
branched tentacles, 4 or 8 simple or branched 
radial canals, and 4 or 8 gastral gonads. The 
inedusic bud on polyp-colonies which contain alimentary 
zooids or gastrozobida, together with scattered capitate 
tentacles. 
Cladonia (kla-do'ni-a), H. [NL., < Gr. 
Clatiophvra 
. sitbcomuta. 3. Cla- 
donia extfnsa. These illustrate 
two fonns of podetia, one much 
branched, the othe7 nearly simple. 
a branch, < K/MOOC, a branch: see 
cladus.] A genus of 
lichens, representa- 
tive of the family 
Cladoniei. The apo- 
thecia are mostly cap- 
itate, variously colored 
(not black), and borne on 
the vertical portion of the 
thallus (podetium). The 
latter is either simple, 
and often cup-shaped or 
funnel-shaped, or very 
much branched. The 
branching is shown in the 
reindeer-moss, Cladonia 
rantrtffrina. See reindetr- 
mow. 
ik), a. [< Cladonia 
+ -ic.] Pertaining to or derived from the genus 
Cladonia Cladonlc add, an acid obtained from Cla- 
donia rangiferina. 
Cladoniei (klad-o-nl'f-i), n. pi. [NL., < Cla- 
donia.] A family of lichens, belonging to the 
tribe Lecideacei, and having a twofold thallus, 
a vertical one, called the podetium, ascending 
from a horizontal, squamulose, or granulose 
one. The latter is sometimes wanting. 
cladonieine (klad-o-m'e-in), a. [< Cladoniei + 
-inc 1 .] Belonging to or having the characters 
of the family Cladoniei. 
cladoniine (kla-do'ni-in), a. [< Cladonia + 
-ine 1 .] Belonging to or having the characters 
of the genus Cladonia. 
cladonioid (kla-do'ni-oid), a. [< Cladonia + 
-aid.] Resembling lichens of the genus Cla- 
donia. 
Cladonioid variation of the parmeliaceous thallus. 
E. Tuckerman, Genera Lichenum, p. 6. 
Cladophora (kla-dof'o-ra), n. [NL.,<Gr. K/tddof, 
a branch, + -^>o>of, -bearing, < ftpetv = E. bear!.] 
claim 
1. In bot., a large genus of green algse, includ- 
ing a large part of the CMurosporeai. It consists 
of firm, not gelatinous filaments, 
which branch throughout. The 
species grow in fresh or salt water, 
on rocks, and in tide-pools and 
ditches, usually in tufts, sometimes 
forming layers. 
2. In zool. : (a) A genus of 
coleopterous insects. De- 
jean, 1834. (6) A genus of 
mollusks. ./. E. Grail, 1840. 
cladophyl,cladophyll(klad'- 
o-fil), H. [< Gr. K?.d(5oc, a , 
branch, + tfiMov = L. folium, ",'* n ^ cl " ;J filam<;nt 
leaf.] Same as cladode. 
cladoptosis (klad-op-to'sis), w. [NL., < Gr. 
Kf.aSof, a branch, + liTaaif, a fall, < irmreiv, fall.] 
In bot., the annual falling of leafy twigs instead 
of individual leaves, such as takes place in 
many of the cypress family. 
cladose (kla'dos), a. [< NL. cladosus, < cladus, 
< Gr. K>.dSof, a branch : see cladus.] Branched 
or ramose, as a spouge-spicule : as, a cladose 
rhabdus. W. J. Hollas. Also e/adine. 
Cladosporium (klad-o-spo'ri-um), n. [NL., < 
Gr. xAoiiof, a branch, -4- OTTO/IOC., a seed.] A largo 
genus of hyphomycetous fungi, having subde- 
cumbent, intricately branched, olivaceous hy- 
phse, and typically uniseptate conidia. 
Cladothrix (klad'o-thriks), n. [NL., < Gr. 
(c/ladof, a branch, +' Opi$, a hair.] A genus of 
bacteria growing in the form of filaments, and 
especially characterized by what is called false 
branching that is, the formation of a filament 
by the side of another, which, soon diverging, 
gives the appearance of branching. The principal 
species, Cladothrix dfchotoinn, occurs in stagnant or run- 
ning water containing much organic matter, especially 
when putrefying. 
Cladrastis (kla-dras'tis), n. [NL. (Rafinesque). 
irreg. < Gr. ic).dooc, a branch, + 0pm-aT6f, brittle.] 
A peculiar leguminous genus of Kentucky and 
Tennessee; the yellow-wood. The only species, 
C. tiMtoria, is a handsome tree with pinnate leaves and 
ample panicles of white flowers. It is cultivated as an 
ornamental shade-tree ; the wood is very hard, heavy, 
strong, of a bright-yellow color changing to brown, and 
yields a yellow dye. 
cladus (kla'dus), n. [NL., < Gr. itiASos, a branch, 
a young slip or shoot, prob. < KAO.V, break.] 1. 
PI. cladi ( : di). One of the secondary arms, 
rays, or branches of a ramose sponge-spicule, 
which collectively form the cladome. W. J. 
Sollas. 2. [cap.] A genus of coleopterous in- 
sects. 
claes (klaz), n. pi. [Also written dais, close, 
formerly clayis, etc. ; contr. of ME. dallies, 
clothes.] .Clothes. [Scotch.] 
clag ' (klag), n. [North. E. and Sc. : see clog and 
clay.] 1. A clot; a mass of sticky or adhesive 
matter: as, a clag of mud on one's shoe. 2. A 
clog, encumbrance, or burden, as on property. 
as clay. 
Thonlt read a satyre or a sonnet now, 
Clagying their ayery humour. 
Marston, What you Will, IT. 1. 
II. intrans. To stick or adhere. Srockett. 
clag 2 (klag), n. [Gael, clag, a bell : see clock^.] 
A portable bell used by the early Scotch Chris- 
tians, apparently in the service of the mass, 
and also carried before the host when taken 
out of the church, and before a dead body when 
carried to the grave. 
claggy (klag'i), a. [Sc. (also cladgy, cledgy, 
q. v.), < clag + -i/ 1 . Cf. clayey.] Sticky; ad- 
hesive. [Great Britain.] 
claik, elaik-goose (klak, klak'gos), w. Same 
as clack-goose. 
claim 1 (klam), r. [Early mod. E. also claimc, 
clame, < ME. claimen, cleimen, clamen, < OF. 
claimer, cleimer, clamcr, call, cry out, claim, 
challenge, = Sp. llamar, formerly clamar, = Pg. 
clamar = It. chiamare, call, name, send for, cla- 
mare, speak loud, bawl, < L. clamare, call, cry 
out, connected with calare, call (see calends), = 
Gr. Ka'Miv, call, convoke. From the same L. 
verb come clamor, acclaim, declaim, exclaim, pro- 
claim, reclaim, etc. ; and class, calendar, ecclesi- 
astic, etc., are related.] I. intrans. If. To call; 
call out ; cry out. 
And aftre that, where that evere thei gon, ever more 
thei cleymen for Mynstralle of the grete Chane. 
Mandemlle, Travels, p. 238. 
"Is that soth," saide William, " mi swete lady hende [gen- 
tle]? 
Cleyrneth he after clothes for cristes lone in heuen?" 
William of Paterae (E. E. T. S.), 1. 4481. 
