classificatory 
classificatory (klas'i-fi-ka-to-ri), ii. 
see -;// iuid -titory.] Relating to or of tlie na- 
ture of classification; concerned with clarify- 
ing ; classitic ; taxonomie. 
The cla*sijicatory scicnrrs. 
If//.-/.-.-//, IIM. Si irntiflc Ideas, vlii. 
Liki- thf srirnirs i.f /.(Milo^y anil botany, the scit-nri- of 
philology is preeminently a -7<^*'>- i "r.,/-/ scicnff, IIHUIK 
the DMthod of fonipiiri.son as its rhirt ImplemeDtol in 
dllctivr n-sran-li. ./. l-'ink' 1 , Cosmic 1'hilus., I. 443. 
Classiflcatory relationship m- kinship, the confusion 
nnilrr tin- .same ^i-iii'i al virw ami nanir of all im-nihrrs ol 
tli- tribe beliuiKiiiK to the same generation. J/i'//<ni. 
Father I^illtan. \vliosr ' MII.'|II-H tie* Hauvages Ameri- 
qnains" was published in 1724, carefully desrrilifs ann'ii^ 
the Iri..jii..is anil llurons the system of kinship to which 
Morgan him since given tin.- naini- of rlu**itir<iti,rfi, \vlirn- 
the inuthri-'s si.strrs. are reckoned a* inothi-rs, anil so on. 
/.i/.. .sv-i. Ma.. XXVI. 168. 
classifier (klas'i-fi-er),. 1 . One who classifies ; 
one who constructs or applies a system of clas- 
sification; a taxonomist. 
The elam/len of this period were rhii-lly KriictUt* and 
Corollists. Iti-fs, Cyc., Classification. 
2. A figure, mark, or symbol used in classify- 
ing. 3. In the Chinese spoken language, one 
of a number of words that serve to point out 
which one of several things called by the game 
name (though differently written) is intended. 
Also called numeratives, because of their fre- 
quent use after numerals. 
classify (klas'i-fi), v. t. ; pret. and pp. classified, 
ppr. clus.iifyiiii/. [= F. classifier = 8p. clusificar 
= Pg. classificar = It. classificare (cf. D. klassi- 
lii-rren = G. classificireii = Dan. ktaasificere), < 
NL. classifieare, classify (cf. classific), <. L. c/.v- 
xis, a class, + facere, make : see class, n., and 
-fy.] To arrange in a class or classes ; arrange 
or group in sets, sorts, or ranks according to 
some method founded on common characteris- 
tics in the objects so arranged. 
Speaking strictly, we form a class when we bring to- 
gether a collection of individuals held in union by the 
liond of one or more points of community, and when we 
take care that nothing that is destitute of the point or 
points of community is admitted into the class : we ''" 
sify when we arrange classes thus constructed on the prin- 
ciple of higher and lower, wider and narrower. 
W. L. Davidson, Mind, XII. 234. 
The former [the Linnean system] is an attempt at clnxxi- 
Sying plants according to their agreement in some single 
characters. Brande and Cox. 
Can he classify the currents of his soul ? 
Buthnell, Sermons on Living Subjects, p. 44. 
= Syn. See clam, n. t. 
classis (Has ' is), n. ; pi. classes (-ez). [< L. 
clagifis: see class, n.] 1. Class; order; sort; 
specifically, in zool., a group or division of the 
taxonomie rank of a class. [Rare.] 
Yet there is unquestionably a very large Classis of crea- 
tures in the earth farre above the condition of elemen- 
tarily. Sir T. Browne, Vulg. Err. (ed. 1646), ii. 1. 
2. An ecclesiastical judicatory ; specifically, in 
the Reformed (Dutch and French) churches, a 
judicatory corresponding to a presbytery in the 
Presbyterian Church. Also class. 
Classes and synods may advise, hut overrule they can- 
not. Bp. Hall. 
The meeting of the elders over many congregations that 
they call the classis. Goodwin, Works, IV. 114. 
3f. A class in a university, college, or school. 
The generall houres appointed for all the students, and 
the special! houres for their own classis. 
ffew England's First Fruits. 
class-leader (klas'leMer), H. The leader of a 
class in a Methodist church. See class, n., 3 (6). 
classman (klas'man), n. ; pi. class-men (-men). 
1. In the English universities, a candidate for 
graduation in arts who has passed an exami- 
nation of special severity in one of the depart- 
ments in which honors are conferred, and who 
is placed according to merit in one of several 
classes. At Oxford successful candidates are classed in 
both the public examinations, in the first in three classes, 
in the second (or final examination) in four classes. At 
Cambridge only graduates are classed, and they are di- 
vided into three classes. See tripos. 
2. A member of a class in a college: used 
especially in compounds: as, upper-c/os*aw, 
lower-e(Vminr. See class, n., 3 (a). 
classmate (klas'mat), n. One of the same class 
at school or college ; a class-fellow. 
class-Shooting (klas'sho'ting), n. A mode of 
target-shooting in which the competitors are di- 
vided into classes according to their scores, and 
the prizes are awarded to the best in each class. 
clastic (klas'tik), a. [< Gr. Kiaarof, broken (< 
icAav, break), + -ic; = F. clastique = Sp. <//!.- 
tico.] 1. Relating to what may be taken to 
pieces. 2. Breaking up into fragments or sep- 
arate portions ; dividing into parts; causing or 
undergoing disruption or dissolution : as, clastic 
1031 
action; the clastic pole of an ovum; a </>/ 
ci-11. 3. In f/<Y>/.,fragmental: as, rliiKlic rocks; 
ciiisti/- structure. -Clastic anatomy. s "/"'""/ 
clat 1 (klat), . [A dial. var. of cto(l. Cf. MLG. 
klnlli 1 , 11 shred; kliitiriillr. coarse wool.] 1. A 
lot ; a clod. 2. Cow-dung. 
clat 1 (klat), t 1 . t. ; pret. and pp. cltitlcil, ppr. 
cliitHiiy. [< clat 1 , n.; a dial, form of clot 1 , t. ] 
1. To break clods in (a field). 2. To s],i. -.[ 
dung over (a field). 3. To cut off the dirty 
locks of wool of (sheep). [Prov. Eng. in all 
senses.] 
clat- (klat), v. i. ; pret. and pp. clotted, ppr. 
i-liiitiiii/. [Cf. clatter and cfrwftl.] To tattle. 
| IVi.v. Kng.] 
Clat 3 , '. and . See clnnt. 
clatch 1 (klach), v. and . A dialectal form of 
C/llll-ll. 
Clatch 2 (klach), v. t. [Sc., appar. < Norw. klik- 
sa = Icel. klcxna, clot, daub, smear. Cf . G. kli-ck- 
sen, daub : see clack, r.] 1 . To close up with any 
adhesive substance. 2. To daub with lime. 
Clatch 2 (klach), . [< clatch' 2 , v.] 1. Anything 
thrown for the purpose of daubing. [Scotch.] 
2. Mire raked together into heaps on streets 
or roadsides. 
clatch 3 (klach), v. t. [Sc., also sklatch. Cf. 
clatch' 2 .] To finish (a piece of work) in a care- 
less and hurried way; botch. 
clatch 3 (klach), . [< clatch^, v.] A piece of 
work done in a careless way ; a botch. 
clatch* (klach), n. [Appar. an accom. of ca- 
lash, q. v.] A carriage somewhat similar to a 
gig or chaise. 
That Carlyle and she [Mrs. C.) might drive about as with 
the old clatch at Craigenputtock. Fronde, Carlyle, I. 143. 
elate (klat), r. t. ; pret. and pp. elated, ppr. clat- 
iny. [A var. of clat 1 , v.] To daub. 
clathing (klath'ing), n. A dialectal form of 
clothing. (Irose. 
clathrate (klath'rat), a. [< L. clathratus, pp. 
of clathrare, furnish with a lattice, < clathri, 
also clatra, < Gr. n/r/6pa, a lattice, pi. of K/.r/Bpov, 
Attic form of idl8p<n>, a bar (see clithral), < 
K/eietv, shut: see close 1 , v.] In bo t. and zool., 
latticed; divided like latticework ; specifically, 
in entom., clathrose. Also clathroid. 
Clathrocystis (klath-ro-sis'tis), . [NL., < L. 
clathri, lattice (see clathrate, and cf. F. clathre, 
a kind of mushroom), + Gr. Kiaric, bag, swell- 
ing: see cyst.] A genus of low, unicellular al- 
g, growing in both fresh and salt water, and 
consisting of numerous minute rose-colored 
cells embedded in mucus, the colony being at 
first solid, but finally perforated. They are some- 
times found upon flsh, giving them a red color, injuring 
the quality of the flesh, and even making it poisonous. 
clathroid (klath'roid), a. [< L. clathri, lattice 
(see clathrate), + Gr. tWof, shape.] Same as 
clathrate. 
A clathroid reticulated mass of threads. Bp. Berkeley. 
clathrose (klath'ros), a. [< L. as if "clathro- 
sus, < clathri, lattice: see clathrate.] In entom., 
having furrows deeper than strite crossing one 
another at right angles, as the abdominal seg- 
ments of certain Staphylinida;. 
Clathrosphaerida (klath-ro-sfer'i-da), . /)/. 
[NL., < L. clathri, lattice, + sphcera, globe, 
sphere, + -ida.] A group of animalcules hav- 
ing a spherical clathrate test, as in the genus 
Clathrulina. 
clathrulate (klath'r$-lat), a. [< L. clathntli 
(dim. of clathri, latticework) + -ate 1 . Cf. clath- 
rate.] Finely clathrate; latticeworked in a 
small pattern. 
Clathrulina (klath-ri?-li'na), . [NL., < L. 
clathri, a lattice (see clathrate), + dim. -ul- + 
-inai.] The typical ge- 
nus of the family Clath- 
rulinida!, having a glob- 
ular clathrulate sili- 
cious shell and a stalk- 
ed body, and multiply- 
ing by spores. C. ele- 
gans is an example. 
Cienkowsky. 1867. 
ClathrulinidsB (klath- 
rij-lin'i-de), n.pl. [NL., 
< Clathrulina + -4da;.] 
A family of amoeboid 
protozoans, typified by 
the genus Clathrulina, 
belonging to the group 
Heliozoa or sun-animal- 
cules. 
Clathrus (klath'rus), . [NL., < L. clathri, 
lattice: see clathrate.] 1. In hot., a genus of 
highly magnified. 
Claudian 
fungi, belonging to the family I'lmlloiilci. The 
n-ri-Jil "t an n\at< or j;loliosr lli.-t\M>lk ol 
l-ranrlifh. Tin- SJMHI s air pioihn <! upon baxiiiia within 
small i-jivitii-s in tin liiatirli.-s. ' nttiful, 
I. tit vtT) Mill. Sri- i lit linik-f hit,*,, I, >nn. 
2. In :iil., a gcniiK nf mollusks. Okm. 1M5. 
ClatS (klnls), n. /it. [Cf. <//!, H.) Slu),-.; 
s|. non-victuals. [Prov. Kng.] 
clatter (kh.t '(-r), . L< Ml- <''"</<, '- AS. 
'(Inlriiiii (in vcrlml n. rlnlrimii, a cluttering), 
= D. klaterrn = L<i. //'/</, /./<(///. i-lnttcr. 
rattle; a freq. fonn of an imitative base "i-lut 
(cf. clafi). Cf. (/</</.. (/;/;'. <-liiii/ii:] I. in- 
trans. 1. To make a rattling sound; make re- 
peated sharp, confused sounds, as when sono- 
rous bodies strike or are struck rapidly toge- 
ther; rattle. 
And war-pipe, with discordant cry, 
And cymbal clatttriwt to the sky, 
Making wild music l.Iil ami high. 
Scutt, Main, in, iv. .'II. 
She saw . . . 
A hunUman armed, and clad In gown of blue, 
Come clalteriiiii down the stones of the para side. 
William Morris, Earthly Paradiiw, II. 2i:>. 
2. To talk fast and idly; chatter; rattle with 
the tongue. 
Thou i lor., i but clatter. Spenser, Shep. Cal., July. 
But since he must needs be the loadstar of reformation, 
as some men clatter. Hilton, Reformation in In. 
II. i fa a*. 1. To make a rattling noise with ; 
cause to sound interruptedly by striking to- 
gether, or with or against something: as, to 
clatter dishes or the tongs. 
You clatter still your brazen kettle. Siftfl. 
2. To utter glibly and in a rattling manner ; 
tattle; chatter. 
And the womene that her herde speke, helde her for a 
foole and vn-trewe, and clatered it alxmte. 
Merlin (E. E. T. 8.), L 12. 
clatter (klat'er), n. [< ME. elater, clattur.idle 
talk, = D. klattr, a rattle; from the verb.] 1. 
A rapid succession of sharp sounds ; rattling, 
rapidly repeated, and confused noises. 
By this great clatter, one of greatest note 
Seems bruited. Shale., Macbeth, v. 7. 
I have seen a monkey overthrow all the dishes and 
plates In a kitchen, merely for the pleasure of seeing them 
tumble, and hearing the clatter they made in their fall. 
Swift. 
And from the distant grange there comes 
The clatter of the thresher's flail. 
Bryant, Song of the Sower. 
Clatter of brazen shields and clink of steel. 
William Morris, Earthly Paradise, I. 296. 
2. Idle gossip ; tattle. Burns. [Prov. Eng. and 
Scotch.] 
Clatterert (klat'er-er), n. [< ME. claterer; < 
clatter + -er 1 .] One who clatters with the 
tongue or gossips ; a chatterer. 
In yche company is comynly a claterer of mowthe, 
That no councell can kepe, ne no close tails. 
Destruction of Troy (E. E. T. S.), L 11375. 
Even-song clatterers, with other hypocrites. 
Bale, A Course at the Komyshe Foxe, fol. 88, b. 
clatteringly (klat'er-ing-li), adv. With a clat- 
ter, or clattering noise. 
clatting (klat'ing), n. [Verbal n. of clat 1 , r.] 
See extract. 
Tagging or clotting is the removal of such wool as is 
liable to get fouled when the sheep are turned on to the 
fresh pastures. New Amrr. Farm Book, p. 430. 
Clatty (klat'i), a. [< clat 1 , n., + -y 1 .] Dirty; 
slovenly. [Prov. Eng.] 
Claude glass, Claude Lorrain mirror. See 
mirror. 
claudent (kla'dent), a. [< L. clauden(t-)s, ppr. 
of claudere, shut : see clause and close 1 , v.] Clos- 
ing or shutting up or in; occludent: as, a 
claudent muscle (an occlusor) ; the eyelids are 
claudent. 
claudetite (kla'de-tlt), . Native arsenic tri- 
oxid, occurring in orthorhombic crvstals. 
Claudian (kla 7 di-an), n. [< L. Clandianns, < 
Claudius, a proper name. < claudus, lame.] Of 
or relating to any one of several distinguished 
Romans of the name of Claudius, or to the gens 
of which they were members; especially, re- 
lating to or connected with the emperors of 
that gens, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, and 
Nero (A. D. 14-68), or to their epoch : as, the 
Claudian age ; Claudian literature ; the ('Iniiilinii 
aqueduct. 
The face of Appius Claudius wore the ('[million scowl and 
sneer, 
And In the Claudian note he cried, "What doth this rabble 
here?" Macanlay, Virginia, Hi. 
The epic poeu of the Flavian age present a striking con- 
trast to the writers of the Claudian period. 
Kncyc. Brit., XIV. 337. 
