coagent 
1067 
coagent (ko-a'jent), n. [< co- 1 + at/cut.] An 
assistant or associate in an act ; an accomplice. 
Your -|MMM, i then 
To marry this coaiieitt at ynur mischiefs. 
lieau. awl /-Y., Knight of Malta. 
iiu'd.. ii Mood-clot. 2f. A substance that causes 
coagulation, a* r<-Min't ; a coagulant. Crabb. 
co-aid (ko-ad'). a. [_< ''a- 1 + aid 1 .] 1. A tvi- 
low-hdprr. 2. Coujunctivo assistance. /'/. 
coaita(ko-i'tii), . |S. AIIHT. ] A South Amer- 
coagitate (ko-aj'i-tat), c. t. ; pri-t. and pp. en- u-an monkey J'. I >/// //<///I'M-.--. nbout 18 inches in 
ai/ilateil, ppr. <Mi<ii/tt<iltit<i. [< LL. eoagitatiix, length. S<M-'.U///.V, and out under */;iV/r-m/)/.M/. 
pp. of enai/itiiri; < L. <-, together, + tfitarr, C0 aiti, ,/. Smnc :is <////. 
agitate : sue agitair.] To move or agitate to- coak 1 (kok), . and r. S.M. //,/., ' . 
gether. Blount. [Hare.] coak- (kok), n. [Also written coij and 0017.17, 
coagmentt (kd-ag-ment')i r. t. [< L. coaginm- ;m( | pcrliaps the same as ro<7- (of a wheel); of. 
fare, join, connect, cement, < i-oiii/iiinitiiiii. . \v. roi-nn, a cog of a wheel.] 1. In x/ii/>-rin-/i.. 
Collection 
coagmentationt . 
coagiHfiitatin(H-), < fiii/i/iiii ii/iu'i'. )i|i 
ins, join, connect : SIT i-na<jiiii'iil.'\ 
into a mass ; union ; conjunction. 
\\"liei rsorv, r t here is n 'Kt'inii'ittiit'ini of many, the low 
est [shall | be, knit to the highest hy that which being inter 
tacent may cans,- each to cleave nuto other, and so all t 
continue one. 
('iiil'!iiu-nt(ilnm of worils. 
coagula. H Plural of . . 
coagulability (ko-ag"u-la-bil'i-ti), n. [< 
pieces. 
The coaku ... arc Intended to support the IxilU. 
/V,,/-/,,/,,,, Miip hiiiMing, ii. s. 
2. Xaut., a square metallic bushing in the cen- 
tral pole of the sheave of a block, through which 
the pin passes. 
Hooker, Eccles. Polity, viii. >. coak-' (kok) *. f. [< coatf, .] In tliip-earp., to 
B. Jonson, Discoveries. ' inlte together, as the ends of two pieces of 
wood, by means of coaks. 
coaken (ko'kn), r. . [E. dial. Cf. c/iofcci.] To 
B. v ....y v v -o y -;; --,._,, w t ~ S-t I'll 111 111 V O 111 i t i 1 I i^ . 
jfc: see -bility.] The capacity of being co- coakf} (koks)> . |;. rpi. of coo fcl.] Cinders, 
agulated. fProv Eng ] 
coagulable (ko-ag'u-la-bl), a. [< coagul(ate) + coakum (kd'a-kura), . [Origin obscure.] A 
-tiblc.] Capable of becoming coagulated; ca- nam() of the " Kar( , et O r poke, Phytolacca de- 
pable of changing from a liquid to an inspis- 
suli'd stud-: as, mtii/iilahle lymph. 
The iii-oilnetion of iiny coamilaltle exudation. 
(juain, Mr, I. Diet., p. 466. 
coagulant (ko-ag'u-lant), . [< L. cwnjulan(t-)s, 
ppr. of cutii/iiliire: see coagulate, r.] A sub- 
stance that produces coagulation, 
coagulate (ko-ag'u-lat), v. ; pret. and pp. coag- 
ulated, ppr. ciHitjiilntiiiji. [< L. coanulatus, pp. 
of coayulare, curdle, < coagulum, a means of 
curdling, rennet, also lit. a bond, tie : see coagu- 
lum.'} I. tranx. 1. To curdle; congeal; clot; 
change from a fluid into a curd-like or thick- 
ened mass: as, to coagulate blood; rennet coag- 
ulates milk. 
The cheese-wife knoweth it as well as the philosopher, 
that sour rmmct ilnth cuii'iulate her milk into a cura. 
Raleigh, Hist. World, Pref., p. 4. 
Spirits attenuate, which the cold doth congeal and c<xi,/- 
ulate. Bacon, Xat. Hist. 
2f. To crystallize. =Syn. To thicken, clot, concrete. 
II. intrans. 1. To curdle or become clotted ; 
congeal or become congealed. 
Spirit of wine commixed with milk, a third part spirit 
of wine and two parts milk, coaifulateth little, but min- 
gleth. Bacon, Nat. Hist. 
About the third part of the oil olive . . . did there co- 
ayulate into a whitish body, almost like butter. Boyle. 
2t. To become crystallized, 
coagulatet (ko-ag'u-lat), a. [< ME. eoagulat, 
< C. coagulatiiy, pp.: see the verb.] Coagu- 
lated; curdled; clotted. 
Combust matercs and eoagulat. 
Chaucer, Prol. to Canon's Yeoman's Tale, 1. 268. 
O'er-sized with coaijulate gore. Shak., Hamlet, ii. 2. 
coagulation (ko-ag-u-la'shon), n. [< L. coagu- 
latio(n-), < coagula're : see coagulate, r.] 1. 
The act of changing from a fluid to a thickened 
i-innlra. 
coal (kol), n. [Early mod. E. cole. < ME. epic, 
w/, < AS. col, neut., = OFries. kole, NFries. 
koal, t., = MD. kole, D. too/, f., = MLG. kole, 
kale, LG. kole, also AW, fca/, f., = OHG. chol, 
MHG. kol, neut., OHG. c/toto, fcofo, MHG. kolr, 
kol, m., G. kohle, f., = Icel. Norw. 8w. kul = 
Dan. A-w/, neut., coal (in both senses), orig. a 
burning coal ; perhaps connected with Ir. Gael. 
final, coal, and ult. with Skt. -tfjval, burn bright, 
flame. The Goth, word for a burning coal was 
hauri, perhaps akin to AS. hearth, E. hearth. 
Cf. F, Itouille, Walloon hole, ML. lmlla>, mineral 
coal; Gr. avtlpal;, a burning coal, also mineral 
coal (see anthracite), L. caroo(n-), a burning 
coal, charcoal, in mod. use mineral coal (see 
avion.).] 1. A piece of wood or other com- 
bustible substance, either ignited or burning (a 
''live coal" or ''glowing coal"), or burned out 
or charred (a " dead coal," charcoal, cinder). 
A quic col berninde ope ane hyeape of dyeade coles [A 
live coal burning upon a heap of dead coals]. 
Ayenbite of Inicyt, p. 205. 
To cold coles sche schal be brent. 
William of Palernr. (E. E. T. 8.), 1. 4367. 
As coals are to burning coal*, and wood to fire, so is a 
contentious man to kindle strife. Prov. \\vi. 21. 
If he could burn us all into one coal, 
We have deserv'd it. Shak., Cor., iv. 6. 
2. A solid and more or less distinctly stratified 
mineral, varying in color from dark-brown to 
black, brittle, combustible, and used as a fuel, 
not fusible without decomposition, and very 
insoluble. It is the result of the transformation of or- 
ganic matter, and is distinguished by its fossil origin from 
charcoal (def. 1), which is obtained by the direct carboni- 
zation of wood. (See coal-plant.) Coal always contains more 
or less earthy matter, which is left behind in the form of 
coal-black 
were continually growing less imorable for the formation 
of coal on ;, i successive age IHU- 
I, -s- ,,,;,! t,, .-how, a n,l that on an a \eraue of |MM,rer tinalit) 
than the , ,,al ,,f the tine rarl-ointeioiin , p,,, h (s, 
,/,'. u-,, ,;,!!, <! ,i,l formerh 
' ill [hi- MOM I- II"-, I ils a mile, 'live 1,0111, 
without 11 plural; but in ' , the plniul form 
Is liUo ns, -! in speaking of a iiuantit) of coal, uith 
n- , to tlir pi, ,-. , ipo.-iir.: it : :is to la; in a supply of 
coal* ; put more coa/* on tl. 
"Ueth V Ililer lollll. 
, ti, ol lli_,h'i, s I'oh, hronicim, I. 889. 
A peck of cuali a-pi, , e -hall ulad the re-t. 
/'-./', lmneia-1 i, 
Albertcoal. Same as /(/''' Bllndcoal 
Boghead coal,.' aiiet> ,,t ,nnd on tin: 
, ,lal,. ol |i,-head. near Bat ..Illlli-l, which 
tensively iisi-il for tin- inaniilaetiire of parulllii ami nils. It 
Is an excellent UMS , ,,al. hut t,, , ,MI\ t*> be used for that 
pm-po-e. It is al-o , alle.i T'lflnni- ItiH iiinirnll all, I /,,/ 
l,n, , it.- Bovey COal, a Tertian liunilc or In-own ,,,al. 
oer-ni'rini; in he,ls tioni i to Ii; f, /-I Iliiek, in pi|H- clay, at 
|I.M,\ iii Devonshire, England. It i- an inllam 
inable fossil, reserablinK in man> ,,i ils pi-op, rli,, hiln- 
niinous coal. IU structure is llssile, and iUcross-fraetm, 
evenor couchoiilal, with a i e-in, -.hat shining 
luster. It Is brittle, burns with a weak name, an, I exhales 
an otlor which is yeneralh , I i.sagreeable. Buckwheat 
coal. >c< im,-k n heiii. Coal-boring bit. sec >,;t\. 
Delve of coals. SIM; ,/, /-. Fibrous coal, same m 
mother iif-cial (which na, i,ei,,w). Mother-of-coal, a 
soft black substance, resemhlin^ ehanoal in apiiearance, 
found iu comic, -lion with conl. nsnallv alon^ its plane, 
of stratification or lamination, in which the ,,,!> 
acter of the material from which the coal was formed it 
more perfectly preserved than it Is In the Ujdy f the coal 
Itself. \l-o ,,,ll,,l nhrtiiu coal,/u*M charcoal, and ///> 
eral chaifutil. Small coal, (at) Mule wood coals for- 
merly used to linht fires. Gay. (b) Same as slack. To 
blow a coal*, to kindle strife. 
It is you 
Hath Uiiirii this i-i:'il betwixt my lord and me. 
Shak., Hen. VIII., U. 4. 
To rail or haul over the coals, to call to a strict or se- 
vere account : reprimand. To carry coals t. See carry. 
To carry coals to Newcastle. See carry. To heap 
coals of fire on one's head (a phrase derived from the 
scriptural use : see quotation), to excite remorse and re- 
pentance in one who has done an Injury, by rendering to 
him good for the evil. 
If thine enemy hunger, feed him ; if he thirst, give him 
drink : for in so doing thou shall heap coals af fire on. hit 
head. Kom. xii. 20. 
To stir coals', to quarrel, or stir up strife. 
After soche sorte did he vpbrald to the people their 
rashe and vnaduised uttering of coles, and artsinges U> 
warre. J. Udall, tr. of Erasmus's Apophthegms, p. 32s. 
coal (kol), v. [= D. koleti, warm with coals, = 
MLG. kolen = G. kohlen = Sw. kola, burn to 
charcoal; from the noun.] I. trans. 1. To 
burn to coal or charcoal ; make into coal ; char. 
Charcoal of roots, being coaled into great pieces, lasts 
longer than ordinary charcoal. Bacon, Nat. Hist., $ 775. 
The best charcoal was made of oak. The woods appear 
to have been caaleil at intervals of about twenty years, or 
even less. A", a /id Q., 6th ser., XI. 123. 
2. To mark or delineate with charcoal. [Bare.] 
He coaled out rhyme 
upon the wall. 
Caindfn, Remains, Rythmes. 
", " OJ " ". .""'" ruTTw+n "* fter combustion. The quantity of the ash varies con- 
curd-like state, well exemplified by the clotting 8 id era i,iy ) but iu goud coal does not usually exceed from ft 
of blood; the state of being coagulated. 2t. to 10 per cent, in weight. Coal can, however, be used for 
The change from a fluid to a solid state, as in fuel, in default of a better material, when the amount of 
orvotulKvntin, * A mnos nr nimntitv of oo- ash is much larger than this. Coal consists essentially of 
crystallisation. d. A mass or qua carbon, together with hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen : 
agulated matter : a curd; a clot. Coagulation- 
necrosis, in pathol., a form of necrosis which occurs 
when a small portion of tissue is cut off from the circula- 
tion, but remains surrounded by, or at least continuous 
with, tissue in which the blood continues to circulate. The 
cells of the tissue become smaller, distorted, shining, and 
the nuclei disappear. - Coagulation Of the blood, the 
production of filaments of nTirin in the blood, running in 
every direction, thus forming a spongy mass in which the 
blood-corpuscles are caught; this mass then contracts, 
squeezing out the seriim._ 
coagulative (ko-ag'u-la-tiv), . [< ML. coagu- 
lulinix, < L. coaijulatus : see coaijulate, r., and 
-ip.] Causing coagulation: as, " coaaulatire 
power," Boyle, Works, I. 423. 
coagulator (ko-ag'u-la-tor), n. [< coagulate + 
-or.] Anything that causes coagulation. 
Globulin, added under proper conditions, to serous effu- 
sion, is a coarmlalor of that effusion, giving rise to the de- 
velopment of fibrin in it. 
Huxley and Youtnans, Physiol., 86. 
coagulatory (ko-ag'u-la-to-ri), a. [< coagulate 
+ -on/.] Trading to coagulate. 
coagulum (ko-ag'u-lum), n.; pi. coagula (-la). 
[NL., < L. coai/iihini, a means of curdling, ren- 
net, also lit. a bond, tie, < *co-agere, *co-igcn; 
cogere, bring together, gather, collect, compel : 
see cogent, and cf. coact, coagment.] 1. A co- 
agulated mass, as curd, etc. ; specifically, in 
and sulphur Is rarely if "ever" absent The most general 
subdivision of coal is into Aaro* and toft. The former is 
that coal which consists almost entirely of carbon ; the 
latter is that in which there is a considerable percentage 
of hydrogen. Hard coal is generally called anthracite ; 
Mtii nii mm* coal, or simply "ail. is the designation of the 
ordinary soft coal almost everywhere in general use where 
coal is burned, except iu the eastem and Atlantic United 
States. In anthracite the bituminous or volatile matter 
constitutes usually less than 7 per cent, of the whole ; in 
soft or bituminous coal it is usually more than 18 per cent. 
Coal intermediate in character between anthracite and 
bituminous coal is called semi-anthracite or eemi-bitn- 
miiutm, according as it approaches anthracite or bitumi- 
nous coal more nearly in character. The material driven 
off from coal on ignition is not really bitumen, for coal is 
insoluble, while bitumen is soluble. The name comes from 
the fact that bituminous coal behaves on being heated 
very much as bitumen itself does that is, It swells up 
more or less, fuses together, and burns with a bright flame 
and considerable dense smoke. Coal occurs in all the 
geological formations, from the lowest iu which land- 
plants have been found (the Devonian) up to the highest ; 
but the coal of the great manufacturing countries, Eng- 
land, France, Germany, and the eastern United States, is 
nearly all of the same geological age. and is obtained from 
the formation called the Carboniferous. (See carboniferous. ) 
The coal of Australia, India, and a part of that of China 
is of later geological age than the Carboniferous, being 
Mesozoic, and not Paleozoic. There is also a large quantity 
of good coal in various parts of the world iu formations 
even more recent than the Mesozoic. In general, how- 
ever, from the time of the Carboniferous on, the conditions 
3. To provide with coal ; furnish a supply of 
coal to or for : as, to coal a steamship or a loco- 
motive. 
The landlord and squire of the parish, who had always 
blanketed and coaled his poorer neighbours in the winter. 
FortniyhUy Her., X. S., XL SB. 
He used two fires, which were coaled alternately. 
Thurnton, Steam-Engine, p. 125. 
II. intraitx. To take in coal for use as fuel: 
as, the vessel coaled at Portsmouth. 
At the twelfth station we ntiled. The train ended in 
the desert here. W. 11. Hutuell, Diary in India, I. 38. 
Admiral Lespes remains at anchor before Kelung, so as 
to prevent Chinese vessels from dialing:. 
The American, VIII. SOI. 
coala, . See koala. 
coal-backer (kol'bak'er), w. A man who is 
engaged in carrying coal on his back from a 
ship to the wagons. Mayhcic. [Eng.] 
coal-barge (korbarj), . A flat-bottomed river- 
boat for transporting coal. [U. S.] 
Coal-basin (kol'ba'sn), w. In grol., a depres- 
sion or basin formed by the subsidence at the 
center, or upheaval at the edges, of the older 
rocks, in which the various strata of the Car- 
boniferous system or coal-measures lie. See 
coal-measures. 
coal-bed (kol'bed), . A formation in which 
there are strata of coal; a bed or stratum of 
coal. 
coal-bin (kol'bin), w. A bin or receptacle for 
coal. 
coal-black (kol'blak), <t. and . [< ME. cole- 
Muk, eolblak, < col, coal, + blak, black.] I. a. 
Black as a coal, or as charcoal, or, as often in 
modern use. black as mineral coal ; very black. 
Thin exeu [eyes) Ix-oth cnlblake and brode. 
(Jirl aiul Myhtinffale, I. 7i. 
