colorman 
color-man, colourman (kul'or-mau), . ; pi. col- 
ormen, colourmen (-men). One who prepares 
and sells colors. [Eng.] 
color-party (kul'or-par"ti), n. In the Euglisli 
service, the two officers who carry the colors of 
a regiment, usually the two junior lieutenants. 
Tour sergeants are told off to assist, one be- 
tween the two officers and three in rear rank. 
color-printing (kul'or-prin'ting), n. Printing 
with one color after another, or in different 
colors at once occupying parts of the sheet. 
color-reaction (kuTor-re-ak"shpn), n. See re- 
action, 
color-sensation (kuror-sen-sa"shqn), n. A sen- 
sation of the kind produced by the excitation 
of the retina of the eye. Such sensations are 
of threefold variability, differing in luminosity, 
chroma, and hue. See color, 1. Fundamental 
color-sensation, one of the three hues out of which all 
others are composed. These seem to be a pure red, green, 
and blue or violet. 
color-sense (kul'or-sens), . The power of per- 
ceiving color ; the sense for color. 
color-sergeant (kul'or-sar"jent), n. A sergeant 
who has charge of company orregimental colors. 
In the British army he is a non-commissioned officer who 
ranks higher and receives better pay than an ordinary ser- 
geant, and, in addition to discharging the ordinary duties 
of a sergeant, attends the colors in the field or near head- 
quarters. There is one to each company or battalion of 
infantry. They are selected for meritorious service, and 
wear an honorary badge over the chevron. A color-ser- 
geant can be degraded only by court martial. In the 
United States army a color-sergeant is one of the regular 
sergeants detailed to carry the regimental colors. He re- 
ceives no higher pay, but is relieved of the other duties 
of a sergeant. See color-guard. 
color-striker (kul'or-stri"ker), n. A practical 
color-maker. [Eng.] [i n making chemical colors 
(chrome-yellow, Prussian blue, chrome-green, etc.), one is 
said to strike the color when the proper chemical salt is 
added to another solution to produce the precipitate of 
color. This use of the word strike is primarily English, 
but is current to some extent in the United States.) 
color-triangle (kul'or-tri' / ang-gl), n. A color- 
diagram in the form of a triangle so arranged 
that all colors are represented by points within 
it, and all points within it represent possible 
colors, except certain points in the neighbor- 
hood of the vertex representing the fundamen- 
tal green. 
color-variation (kul'or-va-ri-a // shon), n. In 
zodl., difference or variability in color within 
specific limits, as in color-varieties of the same 
species. There is in many cases a wide range of color- 
variation, sometimes correlated with geographical distri- 
bution, and no doubt dependent upon climatic and other 
conditions of environment ; but in many other instances 
it appears to be an individual variation referable to no 
kno_wn cause. Specific categories of color-variation are 
albinism, melanism, and erythrism. (See these words.) 
The regular occurrence of some kinds of color-variation is 
called dichromatism, examples of which are the gray and 
red phases of many owls, and the white or colorless and 
variously colored phases of many herons. Regularly re- 
curring or periodical changes of color, according to age, 
sex, or season of the year, do not constitute color-variation. 
color-variety (kuror-va-ri*e-ti), n. In zool., a 
variety of a species characterized by a pecu- 
liar color, or by an arrangement of colors dif- 
ferent from that seen in other varieties. Such 
characters are sometimes constant in a great number of 
individuals, and are supposed by many naturalists to in- 
dicate a tendency to the formation of races. The common 
black and gray squirrels of the eastern United States are 
well-marked color-varieties of the same species, though 
they were formerly described as two distinct species. 
colossal (ko-los'al), a. [= D. Tcolossaal = G. 
Dan. Sw. Tcolossal, after F. colossal = Sp. colosul 
= Pg. colossal = It. colossale, < L. colossus, a 
colossus : see colossus and -al.] Like a colossus ; 
of extraordinary size ; huge ; gigantic. 
This great colossal system of empire, thus founded on 
commerce. Pownall, Study of Antiquities, p. 95. 
Let his great example stand 
Colossal, seen of every land. 
Tennyson, Death of Wellington, viii. 
The great banqueting-hall . . . contains a eoZossoZ chim- 
ney-piece, with a fireplace large enough to roast, not an ox, 
but a herd of oxen. H. James, Jr., Little Tour, p. 254. 
= Syn. Immense, enormous, prodigious. 
colosset (ko-los'), .. [< F. colosse, < L. colossus : 
see colossus.'] Same as colossus. 
In another Court not farre from this, stand foure other 
Colossees, or huge Images of Copper. 
Purchas, Pilgrimage, p. 469. 
COlosseant (kol-o-se'an), a. [< L. colosseus, also 
colossiceus, < Gr. im^oaaialo^, colossal, <. Kohoaa6f, 
a colossus: see colossus.] Like a colossus; gi- 
gantic; colossal. 
Among others he mentions the colossean statue of Juno. 
Harris, Philol. Inquiries. 
Colossendeidae(kol // o-sen-de'i-de), n.pl. [NL., 
< Colossendeis + -idee.] A family of sea-spiders, 
of the order Pycnogonida (or Podosomata), typi- 
fied by the genus Colossendeis, with the mandi- 
1112 
bles rudimentary or lacking, and palpi present. 
It is the largest family of the order. Some of the species 
measure nearly 2 feet across the outstretched legs. 
Colossendeis (kol-o-sen'de-is), n. [NL., < Gr. 
Ko/o<T<7<!r, colossus, + NL, Endeis, q. v.] A ge- 
Colosstndeis leptorhynchus. After Carpenter. 
mis of sea-spiders, typical of the family Colos- 
sendeidce. C. colossea and C. leptorhi/nchu-s are 
examples. 
Colosseum, Coliseum (kol-o-, kol-i-se'um), n. 
[The form Coliseum (after ML. Coliseum, > F. 
Colisee = Sp. Coliseo = Pg. Coliseo, Coliseu = It. 
Coliseo, Culiseo) is now less common than Colos- 
seum (= D. G. Dan. Kolossoum = It. Colosseo). 
< L. (ML. NL.) Colosseum, prop. neut. of L. 
colosseus (colossiwus), colossal: see colossean, 
colossus.] A name given on account of its size 
to the Flavian amphitheater in Epme, the great- 
est of ancient amphitheaters, which was begun 
by the emperor Vespasian (Titus Flavins Sabi- 
nus), and finished by his son Titus in A. D. 80. 
A large portion of the structure still exists, part of the 
wall being entire. The outline of the Colosseum is ellip- 
tic, the exterior length of the building being 607 feet, and 
its breadth 512 feet ; it is pierced with 80 vaulted open- 
ings or vomitories in the ground story, over which are 
superimposed on th exterior face three other stories, the 
whole rising perpendicularly to a height of 159 feet. The 
lower story is decorated between the arches with Doric 
semi-columns; the second and third stories, also with 
arched openings, bear respectively Ionic and Corinthian 
semi-columns ; and the fourth story, which is higher than 
the others, and walled in, bears an equal number of Corin- 
thian pilasters, and is pierced in alternate intercolumnia- 
tions with rectangular windows, and in the remaining in- 
tercolumniations with smaller rectangular openings at a 
Remains of the Colosseum, 
lower level. The arena is 253 by 153 feet, and covers ex- 
tensive substructions provided for the needs and machinery 
of ordinary gladiatorial displays, and for the flooding of 
the arena to convert the amphitheater into a place for 
naval contests when required. A system of awnings was 
provided for shading the entire interior. It is estimated 
that the Colosseum provided seats for 87,000 spectators. 
The exterior of the building is faced with blocks of traver- 
tin ; the interior is built of brick, with considerable use of 
marble. See amphitheater. 
colossi, . Plural of colossus. 
Colossian (ko-los'ian), a. and n. [Cf. L. Colos- 
senses, n. pi., Colossi-mis, a.; < Colossa;, < Gr. Ko- 
Aoaaai: see def.] I. a. Of or pertaining to the 
ancient city of Colosssa. 
II. n. 1. A native or an inhabitant of Colos- 
sse, an ancient city of Phrygia, in Asia Minor ; 
specifically, one of the Christians of Colossss, to 
whom Paul addressed one of the epistles form- 
ing part of the canon of the New Testament. 
2. pi. The abbreviated title of one of the books 
of the New Testament, " the Epistle of Paul the 
Apostle to the Colossians." It was probably written 
during the earlier part of Paul's imprisonment at Rome, 
about A. D. 62. Gnostic and ascetic teachers had invaded 
the church, and the object of the epistle is to set before 
the disciples their real relation to Christ, and the conse- 
quent largeness of both their spiritual life and their spir 
colpeurynter 
itual liberty. There is much in common, in the spirit, the 
thoughts, and even the phraseology of this epistle, with 
that to the Ephesians, which was written and sent about 
the same time. Often abbreviated Col. 
colossict (ko-los'ik), a. [< L. colossicus, < Gr. 
KcAoaainuf, colossal, < ro/loffo-of, a colossus: see 
colossus.] Colossal: as, " Colossick statues," 
Chapman, Bussy D'Ambois, i. 1. 
A certain instrument that lent supportance 
To your eolotviic greatness, l-'oi-il, Broken Heart, iv. 1. 
Colossochelys (kol-o-sok'e-lis), n. [NL., < Gr. 
Ko/oo-o-of, a colossus, + ^t'/U'f, a tortoise.] A 
genus of colossal fossil land-tortoises, of the 
family Testudillida'. C. atlas is supposed to have been 
from 12 to 14 feet long. The remains occur in the Sivalik 
hills in northern India. J<'alco/u'f ami Cantlpy. 
colossus (ko-los'us), n.; pi. colossi (-i) or, rarely, 
colossuses (-ez). [= F. colosse = Sp. coloso = Pg. 
It. colosso = D. kolos = G. koloss = Dan. kolos = 
Sw. koloss, < L. colossus, < Gr. />o/Wo-of, sometimes 
KOAOTTof, a gigantic statue ; perhaps related to 
Ko?.oKai>of or KoAeKavof, a long, lank, lean person.] 
A statue of gigantic size ; specifically (usually 
with a capital), the bronze statue of Apollo at 
Rhodes, which is said to have been 70 cubits 
high, and was reckoned among the seven won- 
ders of the world. According to the popular fable, 
it stood astride the mouth of the port, so that ships sailed 
between its legs ; but in fact it stood on one side of the en- 
trance of the port. It was overthrown by an earthquake 
in 224 B. c., after standing about fifty-six years, and its 
fragments lay where they fell for nearly a thousand years. 
He doth bestride the narrow world, 
Like a Colossus. Shak., J. C., i. 2. 
In that isle he also defaced an hundred other colossuies. 
Sir T. Herbert, Travels. 
One of the images . . . was a magnificent cotossiis, shin- 
ing through the dusky air like some embodied Defiance. 
//. Jamei, Jr., Pass. Pilgrim, p. 265. 
colossus-wise (ko-los'ns-wiz), adv. In the man- 
ner of a colossus; astride, as the colossus at 
Rhodes was fabled to have stood. Shak. 
colosteid (ko-los'te-id), . A stegocephalous 
amphibian of the family Colosteidte. 
Colosteidae (kol-os-te'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < Co- 
losteus + -idee.'] An extinct family of stego- 
cephalous amphibians, typified by the genus 
Colosteus. They had a lizard-like form, with the belly 
covered by rhombic shields, and imperfectly ossified ver- 
tebra?. They lived during the Carboniferous epoch. 
colostethid (kol-os-te'thid), n. A toad-like am- 
phibian of the family Colostethid<e. 
Colostethidae (kol-os-teth'i-de), n. pi. [NL., 
< Colostethus + -idee.] A family of firmister- 
nial salient amphibians, typified by the genus 
Colostethus. They have premaxjllary and maxillary 
teeth, subcylindrical diapophyses and precoracoids, but 
no omosternum. 
Colostethus (kol-os-te'thus), n. [NL. (Cope, 
1866), < Gr. /ottof, defective, + artfloq, breast.] 
A genus of tailless amphibians, typical of the 
family Colostethidce. 
Colosteus (ko-los'te-us), n. [NL. (Cope, 1868), 
so called with ref. to the imperfect ossifica- 
tion of the vertebrae, < Gr. KoAof, docked, im- 
perfect, + bartov, bone.] The typical genus of 
the family Colosteidte. 
colostration (kol-os-tra'shon), . [= F. colos- 
tration, etc., < L. colostratio(n-), < colostrum, the 
first milk after delivery : see colostrum.] A dis- 
ease of infants, caused by drinking the colos- 
trum. See colostrum, 1. 
colostric (ko-los'trik), a. [< colostrum + -ic.] 
Pertaining to or of the nature of the colostrum. 
colostrons (ko-los 'trus), a. [< colostrum + 
-ous.] Having the colostrum. 
colostrum (ko-los'trum), n. [L., neut., also co- 
lostra, colustra, fern. ; origin obscure.] 1. The 
first milk secreted in the breasts after child- 
birth. 2f. An emulsion made by mixing tur- 
pentine and the yolk of eggs. 
colotomy (ko-lot'o-mi), . [< Gr. n&Kw, the co- 
lon, + TOfirj, a cutting, < re/ivsiv, rafieiv, cut : see 
anatomy and colon?.] In surg., the operation 
of making an incision into the colon, usually 
for the purpose of forming an artificial anus. 
colour, colourable, etc. See color, etc. 
colouverinet, An obsolete form of culverin. 
Grose. 
colpifrW. See copi. 
colp 2 t, n. [Appar. a contr. of collop.] A bit of 
anything. Coles, 1717. 
COlp 3 (kolp), n. [W. colp, a pointed spar, a dart.] 
A light dart or javelin used by the Celts. 
colpenchyma (kol-peng'ki-ma),. [NL., < Gr. 
Ko^Trof, the bosom, the bosom-like fold of a gar- 
ment (see gulf), + tyxuna, an infusion.] In bot., 
tissue composed of wavy or sinuous cells. 
COlpeurynter (kol-pu-rin'ter), n. [< Gr. Ko/tTrof, 
the bosom, lap, womb, + *ciipvvrr/p, a dilator, < 
, dilate, widen, < evpl'f, wide.] In med., 
