columnar 
Columnar structure, in mineral., structure consisting 
of more or less slender columns or libers. 
columnarian (kol-um-na'ri-an), a. [< columnar 
+ -ian] Same as columnar. Johnson. 
columnarity (kol-um-nar'i r ti), n. [< columnar 
+ -ity.] The quality of being columnar. 
COluirinary (kol'um-na-ri), a. Same as co- 
lumnar. [Rare.] 
columnated (kol'um-na-ted), a. [< L. columna- 
tus, supported by pillars, < columna, a pillar : 
see column. Hence (< L. columnatus), through 
It. colonnata, E. colonnade, q. v.] Ornamented 
with columns ; columned : as, columnated tem- 
ples. [Rare.] 
column-bone (kol'um-bon), . In herpet., the 
columella of the skull. See Cyclodus, Cionocra- 
nia, and columella, 3 (c). 
columned (kol'umd), a. [< column + -ed 2 .] Fur- 
nished with columns ; supported on or adorn- 
ed with columns: as, "the columned aisle," By- 
ron, Giaour. 
The gorges, opening wide apart, reveal 
Troas and Ilion's column'd citadel, 
The crown of Troas. Tennyson, (Enone. 
COlumniation (ko-lum-ni-a'shon), n. [Improp. 
for *columnation, < L. columnaiio(n-), a support- 
ing by pillars, < columna, a pillar : see column.] 
In arch., the employment of columns in a de- 
sign ; collectively, the columns thus used in a 
structure. Gwilt. 
columniferous (kol-um-nif'e-rus), a. [< NL. 
(L.) columna, a column, + IJ. ferre, = E. Sear*, 
+ -OMS.] In bot., having the filaments of the 
stamens united into a column, as the flowers of 
Malvacete. See cut under andropliore. 
column-lathe (kol'um-laTH), n. A lathe 
mounted on a vertical extensible post, so that 
an operator can sit or stand while at work, used 
by dentists and watchmakers. 
column-rule (kol'um-rol), n. Imprinting, a strip 
of brass, type-high, used for the separation of 
columns. It is beveled to a thin edge in the 
middle of its upper surface, and its impression 
forms a vertical line. 
column-skulls (kol'um-skulz), n. pi. Same as 
Cionocrania. See columella, 3 (c). 
columnula (ko-lum'nu-lii), n. ; pi. columnulce 
(-le). [NL. (cf. columella), dim. of (L.) columna, 
a column: see columna, column."] In anat., a 
little column ; a columella. 
COlure (ko-lur'), n. [= F. colure = Sp. Pg. 
It. colnro, < NL. colurus, a colure, < LL. eolu- 
rus, dock-tailed, coluri circuit, the colures, < Gr. 
K(ttoi>pof, dock-tailed, pi. K6Aovpot (so. ^pap/iai, 
lines), the colures (so called because cut off 
by the horizon), < n6\oq, docked (cf. colobi- 
um), + ovpa, a tail.] In astron. and geog., one 
of two circles of declination intersecting each 
other at right angles in the poles of the world, 
one of them passing through the solstitial and 
the other through the equinoctial points of the 
ecliptic, viz., Cancer and Capricorn, Aries and 
Libra, and thus dividing both the ecliptic and 
the equinoctial into four equal parts. 
Colus (ko'lus), n. [NL., < Gr. nitko^, a kind of 
goat without horns, < rattof, docked, curtal, 
stump-horned, hornless.] Same as Saiga. 
Colutea (ko-lu'te-ii), n. [NL., < Gr. Ko'Aovria, 
also Kokvrka, ao^oirca, K.o'Xarea, var. of Kakoiria., a 
tree that bears pods.] A genus of shrubs, nat- 
ural order Leguminosw, having inflated pods, 
like small bladders ; bladder-senna. There are 
several species, natives of southern Europe and the Medi- 
terranean region, of which C. arborescens, with yellow 
Bladder-senna (Colnteti nrbortscens). 
flowers, is the most commonly known, and is not rare as 
an ornamental shrub. The leaves and seeds are slightly 
purgative. The smoke of the dried leaves is said to act as 
a powerful errhine. 
colvert, n. An obsolete form of culver*. 
colverteent, . Same as colbertine. 
colwardt, a. [ME., appar. a var. of culvard, 
culvert, < OF. culvert, cuivert, villain : see cul- 
vert 2 and collibert. Otherwise < cole*, treachery, 
+ -ward : see cote* and its compounds.] False ; 
treacherous; deceitful; wicked. 
1116 
Throly in-to the deueleg throte man thryugej by lyue, 
For couetyse, & colwarde & croked dede. 
Alliterative Poem* (ed. Morris), ii. 181. 
coly, n. See colie. 
colydiid (ko-lid'i-id), n. A beetle of the family 
Gohjdiiace, 
Colydiidae (kol-i-di'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < Coly- 
ditim + -ida;.] A family of clavicoru Coleop- 
tera or beetles, with the dorsal segments of the 
abdomen partly membranous, the first 4 ventral 
segments connate, the tarsi 4-jointed, the an- 
tennas regular, and the legs not fossorial. 
Colydium(ko-lid'i-um), n. [NL.] The typical 
genus of the family Colydiida. Ifdbricius, 1792. 
COlymbethra (kol-im-beth'ra), n. [Gr. Ko^vfi- 
fiifipa, a swimming-bath, eccl'es. a font, < nohvfi.- 
/3dv, dive. See Colymbus, Columba*.] In the 
Gr. Ch. : (a) A baptismal bowl or font. 
In Russia, the columbethra is movable, and only brought 
out when wanted. J. M. Neale, Eastern Church, i. 214. 
(b) A baptistery. Also written columbethra. 
Colymbidae (ko-lim'bi-de), n.pl. [NL.,< Co- 
lymbus + -idee.] A family of short-winged, 
short-tailed, 4-toed swimming and diving birds, 
of the order Pygopodes, either (a) containing 
all the loons and grebes ; or (b) restricted to the 
web-footed loons, and corresponding to the ge- 
nus Colymbus; or (c) transferred to the lobe- 
footed grebes, and used as a synonym of Podi- 
cipidce or Podicipedidce (which see). 
colymbion (ko-hm'bi-on), n. [MGr. *K.okvfi^iov 
(cf . Gr. Kohvuflr/Opa, a font), < Gr. Ko%v/t/3dv, dive. 
See Colymbus, Columba*.] In the Gr. Ch., a 
holy-water stoup or basin. 
The colymbion answers to the benatura of the Latin 
Church. J. M. Neale, Eastern Church, i. 214. 
Colymbus (ko-lim'bus), n. [NL., < Gr. Ko/Uy^of, 
a diver, a kind of sea-bird; cf. noAvp&av, dive, 
plunge. See Columba*.] A genus of birds, typi- 
cal of the family Colymbida;, in any sense of that 
word. The name has been given to the web-footed loons 
or divers, as distinguished from the grebes ; to both of 
these, indiscriminately; to the grebes alone ; and formerly 
to sundry other birds, as some of the auk family. See di- 
ver, loon, grebe. 
COlytic (ko-lit'ik), a. [< Gr. ra&vrmfc, hindering, 
preventive, < KiAvrtf, verbal adj. of mMxiv, hin- 
der, prevent, check.] Antiseptic. Med. Record, 
July, 1884. [Rare.] 
colza (kol'za), n. [Sometimes improp. coltza; 
< F. colza, <"OF. colzat (Walloon colza, golza), 
< D. Jcoolzaad = E. coleseed, q. v.] The cole- 
seed or rape, a variety of Brassica campestris 
with very oily seeds. See rape 2 . 
colza-oil (kol'za-oil), n. Same as rape-oil. 
comt. An obsolete preterit of come. Chaucer. 
com-. [L. com-, prefix, with, together, often, 
esp. in later L., merely intensive, < cum, in 
OL. often com, prep., with, agreeing in use and 
perhaps in orig. form (*scJ? "scow?) with Gr. 
prefix and prep, oiv, earlier f vv (transposed from 
"TOW?), Cypriote K'IV, with, together (see syn-), 
akin to noiv6f (for *Kovi6f), common (see cenobite). 
No certain Teut. connection (see ge-). L. com-, 
in comp., usually remains before b, m, and p 
(and sometimes before a vowel (see comitia and 
count 2 ), and in OL. in any position), and be- 
comes co- before a vowel (usually) and h, col- 
(in classical L. usually con-) before I, cor- be- 
fore r, and con- before c, d, f, g, i =j, n (where 
sometimes co-), q, s, t, w, and in classical L. 
as well as ML. often before b, m, p, con- being 
thus the most frequent form, often used as the 
normal form. In Rom. and in E. (and in simi- 
lar forms in other Teut. tongues), the L. prefix 
com-, con-, col-, etc., generally remains un- 
changed, but the assimilated forms are gener- 
ally reduced to co- in Sp., and partly in the 
other languages. In OF. and AF. com-, con-, 
were often cum-, cun-, whence in ME. cum-, 
cun-, coun-, beside COTO-, cow-, the latter forms 
now prevailing in spelling, even when pro- 
nounced cam-, cun- (as in company, conjure, 
etc. ). In a few E. words, as comfit, comfort, dis- 
comfit, com- (pron. and formerly written cum-, 
ME. cun-, con-) is changed from orig. L. con-. 
In many E. words derived through the F. the 
L. com- (con-, etc.) is concealed: see coil* = 
cull*, cost 2 , costive, costume = custom, couch, 
council, counsel, count*, count 2 , countenance, cov 
er*, covert, cm-few, curry*, kerchief, etc. See co-l, 
col-, con-, cor-, and also contra-, counter 2 , coun- 
ter-.'} A prefix of Latin origin, appearing also 
in other forms, co-, col-, con-, cor-, meaning 'to- 
gether,' 'with,' or merely intensive, and in Eng- 
lish words often without assignable force. See 
words following, and those beginning with co-, 
col-, con-, cor-. 
comatose 
com. An abbreviation of commissioner, commo- 
dore, commander, commerce, committee, commen- 
tary, etc. 
coma 1 (ko'mii), n. [< NL. coma, < Gr. KW//O, a 
deep sleep, < noi/iav, put to sleep. Cf . cemetery.'] 
Inpatliol., a state of prolonged unconsciousness 
somewhat resembling sleep, from which the pa- 
tient cannot be aroused, or can be aroused only 
partially, temporarily, and with difficulty; stu- 
por. 
It is often important to distinguish the coma of drun- 
kenness from that of apoplexy. 
Hooper, Physician's Vade Mecum, 914. 
Coma foudrpyant, or fulminating coma, coma sud- 
denly developing in the midst of apparent good health, in 
syphilitic patients. Coma vigil, a comatose state accom- 
panied by unconscious muttering, occurring in typhus and 
typhoid fevers. 
coma 2 (ko'ma), n. ; pi. comte (-me). [< L. coma, < 
Gr. n6[t7i, the hair of the head. Hence ult. COM- 
et.~\ 1. In bot. : (a) The leafy head of a tree, 
or a cluster of leaves ter- 
minating a stem, as the 
leafy top of a pineapple. 
(b) The silky hairs at the 
end of some seeds, as of the 
willow-herb, Epilobium. 
2. In astron., the nebulous 
hair-like envelop surround- 
ing the nucleus of a comet. 
3. In microscopy, thehazy 
fringe on the outline of 
a microscopic object seen 
when the lens is not free 
from spherical aberration. 
The aperture of these objectives could not be greatly 
widened without the impairment of the distinctness of the 
image by a coma proceeding from uncorrected spherical 
aberration. Emyc. Brit., XVI. 262. 
Coma Berenices, an ancient asterism (though not one of 
the 48 constellations of Hipparchus), situated north of 
Virgo and between Bootes and Leo, and supposed to rep- 
resent the famous amber hair of Berenice, the wife of 
Ptolemy Euergctes. 
comal* (ko'mal), a. [< coma* + -al.] Inpathol., 
pertaining to or of the nature of coma. 
comal- (ko'mal), a. [< coma 2 + -al.] Pertain- 
ing to or of tfie nature of a coma. See coma 2 . 
comarb (ko'marb), n. [Also written coarb, co- 
morb, comarba; < Ir. comharba, a successor, ab- 
bot, vicar, also protection.] Anciently, in Ire- 
land, the head of one of the families or tribes 
into which each sept or clan was divided. AS 
such he was the coheir or inheritor of both the temporal 
and the spiritual or ecclesiastic powers of the tribe. 
The abbot of the parent house and all the abbots of the 
minor houses are the comharbaj or co-heirs of the saint. 
Maine, Early Hist, of Institutions, p. 236. 
comarbship (ko'marb-ship), . [< comarb + 
-ship.] -Anciently, in Ireland, the guild-like 
community constituted by a sept or family. 
Each member of a Comarbship and of a co-tenancy gave 
a pledge for the fulfilment of his share of the duties of 
the co-partnership, and all were collectively responsible 
for all fines, tributes, etc. 
W. K. Sullivan, Int. to O'Curry's Anc. Irish, p. ccxvi. 
comartt (ko-mart'), n. [If a genuine reading, < 
co- 1 + mart.] In the following extract, proba- 
bly a covenant or agreement. Covenant appears in 
place of it in the edition of 1623 and in most modern edi- 
tions ; compact is also found. 
By the same comart . . . 
His [lands] fell to Hamlet. 
Shak., Hamlet (ed. Warburton, 1747), 1. 1. 
Comarum (kom'a-rum), n. [NL. (so called on 
account of the similarity of its fruit to that of 
the arbutus), < Gr. riuapoc, the arbutus.] An 
old genus of rosaceous plants now included in 
Potentilla. 
comate 1 (ko'mat), a. [< L. comatus, hairy, < 
coma, hair: see coma 2 .] Hairy; tufted, specifi- 
cally (a) In bot., furnished with a coma or tuft of silky 
hail's ; comose. See cut under cona2. (6) In entom. : (1) 
Having long hairs on the vertex or upper part of the head, 
the surface below being nearly or quite glabrous. (2) In 
general, having very long flexible hairs covering more or 
less of the upper surface: said of the clothing of insects. 
C0-mate 2 t (ko-maf), n. [< co-l + mate*.] A 
fellow, mate, or companion. 
Now, my co-mates and brothers in exile, 
Hath not old custom made this life more sweet 
Than that of painted pomp? 
Shak., As you Like it, ii. 1. 
I am proud 
Only to be in fellowship with you, 
Co-mate and servant to so great a master. 
Middleton and Rowley, World Tost at Tennis, Ind. 
comatose (ko'ma-tos), a. [=F. comateux, < 
NL. comatosus, <"coma(f-): see coma*.] Per- 
taining to or resembling coma; affected with 
coma; morbidly drowsy or lethargic: as, a co- 
matose state; a comatose patient; "hysterical 
and comatose cases," N. Grew. 
