concert 
communication of opinions and views; accor- 
dance in a scheme or enterprise ; harmony. 
All these discontents . . . have arisen from the want 
of a due cununimieation and ctnx-'-i-t. Sifijt. 
Individual resistance is too feeble, and the difficulty of 
r.>//.v // and co-operation too great, ... to oppose, suc- 
cessfully, the organized power of government. 
Calhuun, Works, I. 61. 
2. In music : (a) A set of instruments of the 
same kind, but of different sizes: as, a coiictrt 
of viols. Also consort, (b) A public perform- 
ance of music in which several singers or in- 
strumentalists, or both, participate; especially, 
one in which the program consists of detached 
numbers: also applied to the performance of 
an oratorio, but not of an opera, (c) The har- 
monious combination of two or more voices or 
instruments. 
Compositions, called playhouse or act tunes, were writ- 
ten and played in concert, and not in unison as formerly. 
Stainer and Barrett, Diet, of Musical Terms, p. 363. 
(d) A concerto Caf6 concert. See cafe. Dutch 
concert, a concert in which each one sings his own song 
at the same time that his neighbor sings his; or a concert 
in which each one sings a verse of any song he pleases, 
some well-known chorus being sung after each verse. 
concertante (kon-char-tan'te), a. and n. [It., 
ppr. of concertare, form a concert: see concert, 
v."] I. a. In music, agreeing; harmonious. 
II. n. In music: (a) A composition suita- 
ble for a concert. (6) A composition for two 
or more solo voices or instruments, with ac- 
companiment for the organ or orchestra, so 
constructed that each of the solo voices or in- 
struments comes into prominence in turn, (c) 
A composition for two or more solo instruments 
without orchestra Concertante parts, in orches- 
tral music, parts for solo instruments. Concertante 
Style, that style of composition which affords the per- 
former opportunity for a brilliant display of skill. See 
concerto. 
COncertationt (kon-ser-ta'shon), n. [< L. con- 
certatio(n-), < concertare, pp. concertatus, con- 
tend: see concert, ;.] Strife; contention. 
After the caiwertation, when they could not agree, the 
king, coming between them both, called away the bishops 
from the monks. fr'oxe, Martyrs, p. 215. 
COncertativet (kon-s6r'ta-tiv), a. [< L. concer- 
tativus, < concertare, pp. conecrtatus, contend: 
see concert, v., conccrtation.] Contentious ; 
quarrelsome. Bailey. 
concerted (kon-ser'ted), p. a. [Pp. of concert, 
.] 1. Mutually agreed upon, contrived, or 
planned. 
Poetry was, in all appearance, previous to any concerted 
plan of worship. Ooldxmith, Origin of Poetry. 
On a concerted day a simultaneous insurrection took place 
throughout the Provinces. Prescott, Ferd. and Isa., iv. 
2. Brought into connection or relation; con- 
nected by a plan. 
A dream may let us deeper into the secret of Nature 
than a hundred concerted experiments. 
Emerson, Nature, p. 81. 
3. In music, arranged in parts for several 
voices or instruments, as a trio, a quartet, etc. 
To obtain artistic effect, . . . concerted pieces need in- 
terspersing with solos. 
H. Silencer, Universal Progress, p. 437. 
concert-grand (kon'sert-grand), n. A grand 
pianoforte of power and brilliancy sufficient for 
use in a large hall or with an orchestra. [Col- 
loq.] 
concertina (kon-ser-te'na), n. [NL., < It. cow- 
certo, a concert, harmony: see concert, .] A 
musical instrument invented by Professor 
Wheatstone, the principle of which is similar 
to that of the accordion. It is composed of a bel- 
lows, with two faces or ends, generally polygonal in shape, 
on which are placed the various stops or studs, by the 
action of which air is admitted to the free metallic reeds 
that produce the sounds. 
concertino (kon-char- or kon-ser-te'no), n. and 
a. [It., dim. of concerto : see concerto, concert, 
v.~\ I. n. In music, a small concerto. 
II. a. In music, employed in the perform- 
ance of a concerto : as, a violino concertino. 
1104 
COncertion (kon-ser'shou), n. [< concert, J>.] 
Concert ; contrivance ; adjustment. Young. 
[Rare.] 
concert-master (kon'sert-mas"ter), n. [G. 
conccrtmcistcr.~\ The first violinist of an orches- 
tra; the leader. 
COncertment (kpn-sert'ment), re. [< concert + 
-mi-lit."] The act of concerting. K. Pollok. 
[Rare.] 
concert-music (kon'sert-mu"zik), n. Secular 
music, vocal or instrumental, of decided tech- 
nical elaboration, and suited to performance 
in a large auditorium: usually of one or few 
movements or parts, and thus different from an 
opera, oratorio, or similar extended work : dis- 
tinguished from chamber-music and church music. 
concerto (kon-char'- or kon-ser'to), n. [It. : see 
concert, t\] In music: (a) A concert. [Rare.] 
(b) Same as concertante. (c) A composition 
for two or more solo instruments of the same 
or of a different kind : as, Bach's concerto for 
four pianos; Handel's concerti grossi for two 
violins and violoncello soli, with accompani- 
ment for a stringed orchestra. Such concertos 
are called double, triple, etc., according to the 
number of solo instruments, (d) A composi- 
tion, usually in symphonic form, written for 
one principal instrument (occasionally for more 
than one), with accompaniment for a large or 
small orchestra, and intended to display the 
ability of a solo performer. 
concert-piece (kon'sert-pes), n. A musical 
work, usually instrumental, suitable for per- 
formance in a concert. 
concert-pitch (kon'sert-pich), n. In music, the 
pitch used in tuning instruments for concert 
use. See pitch. 
concessible (kon-ses'i-bl), a. [= Pg. conces- 
sivel = It. concessibUc, < ML. concessibilis, < L. 
concessu.i, pp. of concedere, concede: see con- 
cede and -ible.~] Capable of being conceded or 
granted. [Rare.] 
It was built upon one of the most concessible postula- 
tnms in Nature. Sterne, Tristram Shandy, vi. 157. 
Their claim, we can now all see, was just, . . . though 
. . . difficult to render clear and concessible. 
Carlyle, Cromwell's Letters, II. 44. 
concession (kon-sesh'pn), n. [= D. koncessie = 
G. concession = Dan. konsession, < F. concession 
= Pr. concession = Sp. concesion = Pg. conces- 
sao = It. concessions, < L. concessio(n-), < conce- 
dere, pp. concessws, concede, grant : see concede."] 
1. The act of conceding, granting, or yielding: 
usually implying a demand, claim, or request 
from the party to whom the grant is made. 
The concession of these charters was in a parliamentary 
way. Sir M. Hale, Hist. Com. Law. of Eng. 
I hate, where I looked for a manly furtherance, or at 
least a manly resistance, to find a mush of concession. 
Emerson, Essays, 1st ser., p. 191. 
Specifically 2. In argumentation, the yield- 
ing, granting, or allowing to the opposite party 
of some point or fact that may bear dispute, 
with a view to gain some ulterior advantage, or 
to show that, even when the point conceded is 
granted, the argument can be maintained. 
The fallacy lay in the immense concession that the had 
are successful ; that justice is not done now. 
Emerson, Compensation. 
3. The thing or point yielded ; a grant. Specifi- 
cally applied to grants of land, privileges, or immunities 
made by government to individuals or companies to en- 
able or encourage them to undertake public enterprises, as 
to construct railways, canals, etc. 
A gift of more worth, in a temporal view, was the grant 
to the king of the cruzada, the excusada, and other conces- 
sions of ecclesiastical revenue. Prescott. 
A Frenchman has obtained the concession [the privilege 
of making the Suez Canal], and it may be executed by 
French engineers and French workmen. Edinburgh Rev. 
[In parts of the United States acquired from Spain and 
Mexico it is used in a much broader sense, and includes 
entries of land and warrants of survey or location ; any 
designation of public land by the government as assigned 
to private ownership or occupation.] The Concessions, 
in U. S. hittt., the political privileges granted to the prov- 
ince of New Jersey by the proprietors Berkeley and Car- 
teret in 1664-5, which formed the constitution of the 
province until 1702, or, as the colonists claimed, until the 
revolution. 
concessionary (kon-sesh'on-a-ri), a. and n. 
[< concession + -an/ 1 ; = F. concessionnaire, etc.] 
I. a. Given by indulgence or allowance ; of the 
nature of a concession : as, a concessionary priv- 
ilege. [Rare.] 
II.".; pi. concessionaries (-riz). A person to 
whom a privilege or concession has been grant- 
ed ; a concessioner. 
concessioner (kon-sesh'on-er), n. [< concession 
+ -e'l. Cf. concessionary.] One who obtains 
or desires to obtain a concession, as a grant of 
concha 
land, or a privilege or immunity of some kind ; 
a concessionary. 
concessionist (kon-sesh'on-ist), n. [< conces- 
sion + -ist.] One who makes or favors conces- 
sions. (Quarterly Jli'i: 
concessive (kon-ses'iv), a. and n. [< LL. co- 
cessivux,(. L. coucessus, pp. of concedere, concede : 
see concede."] I. . 1. Of the nature of or con- 
taining a concession or an admission, as the 
surrender of some disputed or disputable point. 
2. Specifically, in gram., marking or stating 
a condition as something which may be granted 
without destroying a conclusion : as, a conces- 
sive particle ; a concessive sentence. A concessive 
sentence consists of a concessive clause and an adversa- 
tive clause, often introduced by an adversative 
as, though he xlay me (or, he may slay me, or, li't 
tive clause, often introduced by an adversative pai'tick- : 
, t him .<l":i 
yet will I trust in him. 
t'), ye 
II. 
. 
. n. A particle implying concession. Seel. 
concessively (kon-ses'iv-li), adv. By way of 
concession or yielding; by way of admitting 
what may be disputable. 
Some have written rhetorically and concessively, not con- 
troverting but assuming the question. 
Sir T. Browne, Vulg. Err., iii. 12. 
concessory (kon-ses'o-ri), a. [< L. as if *con- 
cessoritui,< coi'icessus, pp. of concedere, concede: 
see concede."] Conceding; permissive. [Rare.] 
These laws are not prohibitive, but concessory. 
Jer. Taylor, Rule of Conscience, iii. 2. 
concetet, n. An obsolete spelling of conceit. 
concetti, . Plural of concetto. 
concettism (kon-chet'tizm), n. [< concetto + 
-ism."] The use of affected wit or concetti. 
Kingsley. 
concetto (kon-chet'to), n. ; pi. concetti (-ti). 
[It., = conceit, q. v.] A piece of affected wit; 
an ingenious thought or turn of expression ; a 
conceit. 
A kind of counter-taste founded on surprise and curios- 
ity which . . . may be expressed by the concetto. 
Shenstone. 
He [Thoreau] seeks, at all risks, for perversity of thought. 
and revives the age of concetti while he fancies himself 
going back to a preclassical nature. 
Lowell, Study Windows, p. 202. 
conch (kongk), n. [= F. conque = Pr. Sp. Pg. 
concha = it. conca, < L. concha, < Gr. K6yxq, 
a mussel, cockle, shell, also a shell-like thing or 
cavity, as the hollow of the ear, a niche, a can- 
opy over an altar, an apse, the knee-pan, etc., 
also Koyxf, in like senses (see conclms), = Skt. 
cankha (> chank 2 , q. v.), a shell: see cock*, 
cockle 2 , and coach."] 1. A shell of any kind. 
Orient pearls which from the conchs he drew. 
Drt/ilen, tr. of Ovid's Metamorph., x. 
2. Specifically, a large marine shell, espe- 
cially that of the Strombus gigas, sometimes 
called fountain-shell, from its use in gardens. 
Conchs have been much used as instruments of call, pro- 
ducing a very loud sound when blown. Often called conch- 
shell. 
At that instant, however, the blast of a fish-dealer's 
conch was heard, announcing his approach along the 
street. Hawthorne, Seven Gables, vii. 
3. A spiral shell fabled to have been used by 
the Tritons as a trumpet, probably of the kind 
now constituting the genus Triton, and used 
as a musical instrument in the South Sea isl- 
ands. Also conch-shell. 
One of them kept blowing a large conch-shell, to which 
a reed of two feet long was fixed. Cook, Voyages, VI. iii. 1. 
4. A trumpet in the form of a sea-shell. Also 
called Triton's-horn. 5. The external portion 
of the ear; the concha. 6. In arch., the plain, 
ribless, concave surface of a vault or penden- 
tive ; the semidome of an apse ; the apse itself. 
See apse. Also called concha. 
The conch or apse before which stood the high altar. 
Slilman. 
7. [Also written conk, conck, kok.~\ (a) One 
of the lower class of inhabitants of the Baha- 
mas, and of the keys on the Florida reef: so 
named from their extensive use of the flesh 
from conchs as food. 
The aforesaid postmaster, a stout conch, with a square- 
cut coatee and red cape and cuffs. M. Scott. 
The white Americans form a comparatively small pro- 
portion of the population of Key West, the remainder 
being Bahama negroes, Cuban refugees, and white natives 
of the Bahamas and their descendants, classified here un- 
der the general title of Conchs. 
Circular No. 8, War Dept., May 1, 1875, p. 144. 
(b) One of an inferior class of white inhabi- 
tants of some parts of North Carolina. 
concha (kong'ka), n.; pi. conchce (-ke). [L. con- 
cha, a shell : see cone*.] 1. In anat. and soiil. : 
(a) The outer ear; the pinna of the ear; the 
auricle; especially, the shell of the ear, the 
hollowed part within the antihelix, leading 
