conjecture 
The British coins afford conjecture, of early habitation 
iu these parts. Sit- T. Hrowne, Urn-burial, ii. 
As the sweet voice of a bird, 
Heard by the lander in a lonely isle, 
Moves him to think what kind of bird it is 
That sings so delicately clear, and make 
Conjecture of the plumage and the form ; 
So the sweet voice of Enid moved Geraint. 
Tennyson, Qeraint. 
2f. Suspicious surmise ; derogatory supposi- 
tion or presumption. 
For thee I'll lock up all the Rates of love, 
And on my eyelids shall conjecture hang, 
To turn all beauty into thoughts of harm. 
Shak., Much Ado, iv. 1. 
= Syn. Supposition, hypothesis, theory. 
conjecture (kon-jek'tur), v. ; pret. and pp. con- 
jectured, ppr. conjecturing, [< conjecture, n.; 
= F. conjecturer, etc.] I. trans. To form (an 
opinion or notion) upon probabilities or upon 
slight evidence ; guess : generally governing a 
clause. 
Human reason can then, at the best, but conjecture what 
will be. South. 
I stood at Naples once, a night so dark 
I could have scarce conjectured there was earth 
Anywhere, sky or sea or world at all. 
Browning, King and Book, II. 232. 
= Sy"n. Imagine, Conjecture, Sunnise, Guess, Presume, 
fancy, divine. Imagine literally expresses pure specula- 
tion, and figuratively expresses an idea founded upon 
the slightest evidence: as, I imagine that you will find 
yourself mistaken. Conjecture is something like a ran- 
dom throw of tile mind ; it tunis from one possibility to 
another, and perhaps selects one, almost arbitrarily. Sur- 
mise has often the same sense as conjecture ; it sometimes 
implies a suspicion, favorable or otherwise : as, I surmise 
that his motives were not good. Guess suggests a riddle, 
the solution of which is felt after by the mind a ques- 
tion, as to which we offer an opinion, but not with confi- 
dence, because the materia) for a judgment is confessedly 
insufficient. To presume is to base a tentative or pro- 
visional opinion on sucli knowledge as one has, to be held 
until it is modified or overthrown by further information. 
Oft, when the world imagine women stray, 
The sylphs through mystic mazes guide their way. 
Pope, R. of the L., i. 91. 
As long as men have liberty to examine and contradict 
one another, one may partly conjecture, by comparing their 
words, on which side the truth is like to lie. 
Baxter, Reliquiae. 
In South-sea days not happier, when surmised 
The lord of thousands, than if now excised. 
Pope, Imit. of Horace, II. ii. 133. 
Of twenty yere of age he was, I geese. 
Chaucer, Gen. Prol. to C. T., 1. 82. 
Tills gentleman is happily arriv'd, 
My mind presumes, for his own good, and yours. 
Shale., T. of the 3., i. 2. 
II. intrans. To form conjectures; surmise; 
guess. 
I dimly see 
My far-off doubtful purpose, as a mother 
Conjectures of the features of her child 
Ere it is born. Tennyson, OSnone. 
conjecturer (kon-jek'tu-rer), n. One who con- 
jectures ; a guesser ; "one who forms an opin- 
ion without proof. 
I shall leave conjecturers to their own imaginations. 
Addison. 
conjee, . See congee^. 
conjeont, . See conjoint. 
conjobblet (kon-job'l), v. t. [Humorously form- 
ed < L. com-, together, + E. *jobble, freq. of 
job, q. v.] To discuss ; arrange ; concert. 
A minister that should conjobble matters of state with 
tumblers. Sir R. L' Estrange. 
conjoin (ken-join'), v. [< ME. conjoignen, < 
OF. (and F.) conjoindre = Pr. conjunger, con- 
jongner, conjoinyner = It. congiungcre, congiu- 
gncre, ( L. conjungere, pp. conjunctus (> Sp. con- 
juntar (obs.) = Pg. conjunctar), join together, 
< com-, together, + jungere, pp. junctus, join: 
see join, joint, and cf. conjoint, conjugate.] I. 
trans. 1. To join together; bring into relation 
or contact ; unite, as one thing to another. 
Where singled forces faile, conjoynd may gaine. 
Spenser, F. Q., VI. v. 14. 
The English army, that divided was 
Into two parties, is now conjoin'd in one ; 
And means to give you battle presently. 
Shah., 1 Hen. VX, T. 2. 
Conjoin thy sweet commands to my desire, 
And I will venture, though I fall or tire. 
(juarles, Emblems, iv. 3. 
2. To associate or connect. 
Let that which he learns next be nearly conjoined with 
what he knows already. Locke. 
This worship of the Unity in the Universe is to be found 
in most historic religions conjoined with other worships 
which are in some cases much more prominent. 
J. S. Seeley, Nat. Religion, p. 79. 
Specifically 3f. To join in marriage. 
If either of you know any inward impediment why you 
should not be conjoined, I charge you, on your souls, to 
utter It. Shak., Much Ado, iv. 1. 
1196 
II. intrans. To form a union or league ; come 
or act together ; unite. 
Now I perceive they have all conjoin'd, all three, 
To fashion this false sport in spite of me. 
Shah., M. N. D., iii. 2. 
Often both Priest and people conjoync in savage noises. 
Sandys, Travailes, p. 86. 
Conjoint, [For conjoined or conjoint.] Con- 
joined. Holland. 
conjoined (kon-joind'), p. a. [Pp. of conjoin, 
V."] United ; "associated. In her., joined together: 
said of two or more bearings, as (a) two lions having a 
common head ; or(?*)mascles arranged as in afield lozengy 
that is, touching by the points; or (c) linked as in a 
chain, as annulets or mascles ; or (d) united at their bases, 
as a pair of wings. Also coupled. Conjoined charges. 
See charge. Conjoined in lure, in her., united at their 
bases, as wings : so called because wings when so united 
form a representation of the lure used in falconry. See 
lure. Cross conjoined. See cross. 
COnjoinedly (kon-joi'ned-li), adv. Conjointly. 
The which also undoubtedly, although not soccwyWm-'//// 
as in his epistle, he assures us in his gospel. 
Barrow, Works, II. 493. 
conjoint (kon-joinf), a. and n. [< ME. con- 
joint, < OF.' (and F.) conjoint = Sp. conjunto = 
Pg. conjuncto = It. congiunto, < L. conjunctus, 
conjoined, pp. of conjungere (> F. conjoindre, 
etc.), conjoin: see conjoin, v., and cf. conjunct, 
a later form of conjoint, directly from the L.] 
I. a. United; connected; associated; joined 
together; conjunct. 
She and the sun with influence conjoint 
Wield the huge axle of the whirling earth. 
Glover, Sir Isaac Newton. 
Conjoint degrees, motion, etc., in music. See conjunct. 
II. n. In laic, a person connected with an- 
other in a joint interest or obligation, as a 
spouse or a co-tenant. 
conjointly (kon-joint'li), adv. In a conjoint 
manner; jointly; unitedly; in company; to- 
gether: as, two nations may carry on a war 
conjointly against a third. 
That with one heart and one voice they might conjointly 
glorify God. Locke, On Romans. 
conjount, n. [ME., also conioun, conjeon, con- 
geon, cougioun, cugioun, = G. Dan. Sw. kujon, < 
OF. coion, cohion, coyon, mod. F. colon, a wretch, 
coward, = It. coglione, a fool, dolt: see cullion, 
the same word in another form.] A wretch ; 
a low fellow : same as cullion, 3. 
And nou cometh neonitmn and wolde cacchen [find out] of 
my wittes. Piers Plounnan (A), xi. 86. 
COnjubilant (kon-jo'bi-lant), a. [< ML. con- 
jubilan(t-)s, < IJ. com-, together, -I- jubilan(t-)s, 
rejoicing: see jubilant.] Singing together for 
joy. [Bare.] 
They stand, those halls of Zion, 
Conjubilant with song. 
J. M. Neale, tr. of Bernard of Cluny. 
conjugacy (kon'jij-ga-si), n. [< conjugate : see 
-cy.~\ If. Marriage. 2. The relation of things 
conjugate to one another. 
The mathematical test of conjugacy is that the energy 
arising from two of the harmonics existing together is 
equal to the sum of the energy arising from the two har- 
monics taken separately. Clerk Maxwell. 
conjugal (kon'jij-gal), a. [= F. conjugal = Pr. 
conyugal = Sp. conjugal, now conyugaL = Pg. 
conjugal = It. congiugale, conjugate, < L. conju- 
galis, < conjunx, conjux (conjug-), a husband or 
wife, also fern, conjuga, a wife, < conjungere, 
join, unite, join in marriage : see conjoin. Cf . 
conjugial.] 1. Pertaining to marriage ; of the 
nature of marriage ; matrimonial ; nuptial : as, 
a conjugal union; the conjugal relation. 2. 
Pertaining to the relation of husband and wife ; 
arising from or proper to marriage ; connubial ; 
individually, marital or wifely. 
He ... would intermix 
Grateful digressions, and solve high dispute 
With conjugal caresses. Milton, P. L., viii. 56. 
Their conjugal affection still is ty'd, 
And still the mournful race is multiplied. 
Dryden, Fables. 
She recommends to them the same conjugal harmony 
which had ever subsisted between her and her husband. 
Prescott, Ferd. and Isa., ii. 16. 
= Syn. Connubial, Nuptial, etc. See matrimonial. 
conjugality (kon-JQ-gal'i-ti), n. [< conjugal + 
-ity.] The conjugal state ; connubiality. Mil- 
ton. [Bare.] 
conjugally (kon'jp-gal-i), adv. Matrimonially ; 
connubially. Bp. Hall. 
Conjugatae (kon-jo-ga'te), n. pi. [NL., fern, 
pi. of L. conjugatus, joined together: see con- 
jugate, .] In algology, a group composed of 
the Zi/gnemacew and Mesocarpeai, and common- 
ly also the Desmidiacece and Diatomacea:, in all 
of which the sexual reproductive process is a 
distinct conjugation. The conjugating cells in this 
conjugate 
group are the vegetative cells of the plant, while in Zob- 
sporefe conjugation ia effected by means of special, active- 
ly moving cells (zoospores). See Zygosporece, and cut un- 
der conjugation. 
conjugate (kon'jo-gat), v. ; pret. and pp. conju- 
gated, ppr. conjugating. [< L. conjugates, pp. 
of conjugare (> It. congiugarc = Sp. Pg. conju- 
gar = F. conjuguer), join together, < cnm-, to- 
gether, + jugare, join, yoke, < jugum = E. yoke : 
see join and yoke, and cf. conjoin.'] I. trans. 
If. To join together; specifically, to join in 
marriage; unite by marriage. 
Those drawing as well marriage as wardship gave him 
otli power and occasion tvconjuffale at pleasure the Nor- 
man and Saxon houses. Sir 11. Wotton, Reliquia;. 
2. In gram., to inflect (a verb) through all its 
various forms, as voices, moods, tenses, num- 
bers, and persons, or so many of them as there 
may be. This use has its origin in the fact that in in- 
flected languages a verb is conj ugated \iyconjoitting certain 
inflectional syllables with the root. 
II. intrans. In biol., to perform the act of 
conjugation ; specifically, in bot., to unite and 
form a zygospore. 
A greater and greater degree of differentiation between 
the cells which conjugate can be traced, thus leading ap- 
parently to the development of the two sexual forms. 
Darwin, Cross and Self Fertilisation, p. 409. 
The Paramoecia assemble in great numbers, . . . then 
conjugate in pairs, their anterior ends being closely united. 
Balbiani, tr. in Huxley's Anat. Invert., p. 99. 
conjugate (kon'jo-gat), a. and n. [< L. conjuga- 
tus, pp.: see the verb.] I. n. 1. United in 
pairs; joined together; coupled. 2. In bot., 
applied to a pinnate leaf which has only one 
pair of leaflets. 3. In client., containing two or 
more radicals acting the part of a single one. 
4. In gram, and rhet. , kindred in meaning as hav- 
ing a common derivation ; paronymous: an epi- 
thet sometimes applied to words immediately 
derived from the same primitive. 5. In math.. 
applied to two points, lines, etc., when they are 
considered together, with regard to any proper- 
ty, in such a manner that they may be inter- 
changed without altering the way of enunciat- 
ing the property that is, when they are in 
a reciprocal or equiparant relation to one an- 
other Conjugate angles. See angles, i. Conju- 
gate axis. See axisi. Conjugate constituents of a 
matrix, in math., those constituents that are symmetri- 
cally placed with respect to the principal diagonal. Con- 
Jugate diameters of a conic, diameters which are con- 
jugate lines with respect to the conic. Conjugate dyad- 
ics, such as are converted into one anotherby the reversal 
of the order of all the pairs of factors. Conjugate foci. 
See/ociw, 2. Conjugate hyperbola, a hyperbola form- 
ing a part of a complete algebraic curve. Conjugate 
imaginaries,imaginaries related to one another, as a: 4- iy 
and x iy. Conjugate lines, with respect to a conic, 
two lines the pole of each of which lies on the other. 
Conjugate mirrors, two mirrors placed face to face so 
Conjugate Mirrors. 
that the rays of light and heat sent out from the focus 
of one are reflected to the focus of the other. Con- 
jugate Oval, an oval forming a part of a complete alge- 
braic curve. Conjugate point, an acnode or double 
point of a curve having the two tangents imaginary, and 
thus separate from eveiy other real point on the curve. 
See acnode. Conjugate points, with respect to a conic, 
points the polar of each of which passes through the other. 
Conjugate quaternions, quaternions which can be 
converted each into the other by reversing the sign of 
its vector part. Conjugate roots, roots of an algebraic 
equation which are conjugate imaginaries. Conjugate 
tangents, at any point of a surface, two tangents such 
that the tangent plane at a consecutive point on either 
contains the other. Conjugate triangles, two trian- 
gles such that each vertex of either is a pole of a side of 
the other. 
II. n. 1. In gram, and rhet., one of a group 
of words having the same immediate derivation, 
and therefore presumably related in meaning ; 
a paronym. In logic, an argument from conjugates is 
one drawn from the obvious similarity of such words in 
form, and, it is assumed, in signification also. 
