contragredient 
two sets of variables be x, y, z, and ( , rj, ; and let the 
first set lie transformed to X, Y, 7, by the equations 
1234 
contrarious 
abroad, is violent and contranatnral [for an arbitrary 
opinion]. Bp. Rust, Discourse on Truth, 6. 
contranitencet, contranitencyt (kon-tra-nl'- 
tens, -ten-si), . [< contra- + nitence, nitency.] 
va _ Reaction; resistance to force. Bailey. 
_,..d self, i)' $ being subject to undergo a simultaneous cOntra-niiage (kon'tra-nii-iizh' ), a. [< contra- 
transformation to E, H, Z, defined by the equations + HMfl ^ c .] In her., same as escalloped. 
E = { -i- dr, + g$, contra-OCtave (kon'trii-ok'tav), . [< coiitra- 
+ octart:] In mimic, the 16-foot octave of the 
To be determined and tied up, either by itself, or from contraremonstrant(kon"tra-re-mon'8trant), 
x = X + l>\ + cZ, 
,l = </X +e\ +fZ, 
z = tfX + AY+iZ; 
then the contragredience of the two sets will consist in the 
.ecom* 
E = n( 
H = bt 
Z =<{ 
[< contra- + remonstrant.']" One who remon- 
strates in opposition or answer to a remonstrant ; 
specifically (usually with a capital), one of those 
who issued or supported the counter-remon- 
strance against the remonstrance of the Ar- 
minians prior to the Synod of Dort. See re- 
monstrant. 
organ, the notes of which are denoted by CC, 
DD, etc. ; on the piano, the lowest octave be- 
ginning with C, the notes of which are denoted 
against, + plem-s, pp. 
a. [< L. contra. 
woven: see plexus.] An 
sion of telegraph messages along the same wire 
in opposite directions : as, contraplcx teleg- 
A system of variables is said to be contraffredient to an- 
other when it is subject to undergo simultaneously with 
the latter linear transformations of the contrary kind f re >i n 
1t. That is to say, the matrix of transformation is turned 
over about its principal diagonal as an axis. 
J. J. Sylvester. con tr ap lex'(kon'tra-pl<*s), 
contraharmonical (kon"tra-har-mon'i-kal), a. 
[< contra- + lianiionical.] Opposed to ortne op- 
posite of harmouical Contranarmonical mean 
and proportion, the mean and proportion determined by 
the formula o : c = (b -c) : (a b). ranhV 
contrahentt (kon'tra-hent), a. and H. [< L- c- _'; *.,,,* an n 
trahen(t-)s, ppr. of coutrahere, contract : see con- C( mtrapose (* 3 ), t. t. 
tract, v.] I. a. Contracting; covenanting; 
agreeing: common in diplomatic documents 
of the time of Henry VIII. 
The treatise concluded at London, betwixt the king's 
highness, the emperour, and the French king, as princes 
contra/tents. Strype, Records, No. 12. 
II. . One who enters into a contract, cove- 
nant, or agreement. 
COntraindicant (kon-tra-in'di-kant), n. [< co- 
tra- + indicant.] In med., a symptom or indi- 
They did the synod wrong to make this distinction of 
nmtra-remonstrants and remonstrants ; for in the synod 
there was no contra-remonstrant, and no man was call'd 
thither under that name, whereas they in their letters 
came under the name of remonstrants. 
Uales, To Sir D. C'arlton (1618). 
:ontrariant (kon-tra'ri-ant), a. and n. [For- 
merly, as a noun, also contrarient; < F. contra- 
riant, < ML. coiitr(irian(t-)s, ppr. of contrariare 
(> F. contrarier), contradict, run counter: see 
contrary, >.] I. a. Opposing; opposite; con- 
tradictory; inconsistent. [Rare.] 
A law contrariant or repugnant to the law of nature and 
pp the law of God. Hooker, Eccles. Polity, v. 81. 
contraposed, ppr. contraposing. [< contra- + 
pose 9 , after L. contraponere (> Sp. contraponer), 
pp. contrapositus, place opposite, < contra, 
against, + ponere, place.] If. To set in oppo- 
sition. 
We may manifestly see contraposed death and life, jus- 
tice and injustice, condemnation and justification. 
Salkeld, Paradise (1617), p. 23S. 
2. In logic, to transpose, as antecedent and 
consequent or subject and predicate, with nega- 
Without one hostile or contrariant prepossession. 
Sonthey. 
In the time of Henry the Eighth, he [Cranmer] made his 
manuscript collections of things contrariant to the order 
of the realm. R. W. Dixon, Hist. Church of Eng., xix. 
II. . A contradictor: in Eng. liist., the name 
given to Thomas, Earl of "Lancaster, and the 
barons who took part with him against King 
Edward II., because, on account of their great 
power, it was not expedient to call them rebels 
or traitors. 
Con- 
cation showing that a particular treatment or con t ra nosita (kon-tra-poz'i-ta), n. pi. [NL., contrariantly (kon-tra'ri-ant-li), adv. 
course of action which in other respects seems prop n eut . p l o f L."cOH*ruosis, pp. of con- trarily. Coleridge. [Rare.] 
advisable ought not to be adopted. traponere, place opposite: see contrapose.] In COntrariet, v. t. 
Throughout it was full of contraindicants. Burke, i O g^ two propositions which can be transform- trary. 
COntraindicate (kon-tra-in'di-kat), r. t. [< con- ed into each other by the inference of contra- COntrarientt, ^ 
An obsolete spelling of con- 
See contrariant. 
tra- + indicate.'] In med., to indicate the con- 
stances of the case. 
Opiates are contraindicated when fatal accumulation of 
blood in the air-passages is threatened. 
Buck's Jlandbriok of Med. Sciences, III. 467. 
contraindication (kon"tra-in-di-ka'shon), n. 
[< contra- + indication.'} "In med., an indica- 
tion from some peculiar symptom or fact that 
forbids the method of cure which the main 
position. 
con- 
contra- 
potiitio(n-), < L. contraponere, pp. contrapositus, 
place opposite: see contrapose.] A placing 
over against ; opposite position ; in logic, the 
mode of inference which proceeds by transpos- 
ing subject and predicate, antecedent and con- 
sequent, or premise and conclusion, with nega- 
tion of the transposed parts. Thus, the proposition, 
If the ink will make a black spot, you will not spill it, 
gives by contraposition, If you will spill it, the ink will 
not make a black spot. 
symptoms or nature of the disease would other- 
wise call for. Also counter-indication. cbntraprogressist (kon-tra-prog'res-ist), n. [< 
I endeavour to give the most simple idea of the distem- cmtra . + progress + -/.]' A person opposed 
to the leading tendencies of the times, or to what 
is commonly considered to be progress. [Rare.] 
contrainte par corps (kon-tranf par kor). [F.: contraprovectant (kon"tra-pro-yek'tant), n. 
per, and the proper diet, abstracting from the complica- 
tions of the first, or the contraindications to the second. 
Arbuthnot, Aliments. 
contrainte, constraint, arrest; par (< L. per), 
by; corps, body.] In civil law, arrest; attach- 
ment of the person ; imprisonment for debt, 
contrairet (kon-trar'), a. and re. 
variant of contrary. 
contrairet (kon-trar'), v. t. An obsolete va- 
riant of contrary. 
And first, she past the region of the ayre 
And of the fire, whose substance thin and slight 
Made no resistance, ne could her contraire. 
Spenser, F. Q., VII. vi. 7. 
contrairet (kon-trar' ), prep. [< contraire, a. (by 
omission of to).] Against. 
Like as I wan them, sae will I keep them, 
Contrair a' kingis in Christentie. 
[< contra- + provectant.] In math., a covariaut 
considered as generated by the operation of a 
provector on a covariant. 
An obsolete contraprovector (kon"tra-pro-vek'tor), . [< 
contra- + protector.'} In math., an operator ob- 
tained by replacing f, ij, etc., in any contra- 
variant by S x , 6j,, etc. 
contraption (kon-trap'shon), H. [< con- + 
trapl 4- -tion ; assuming the guise of a word of 
L. origin. Cf. cantrap, cantrip.'] A device ; a 
contrivance : used slightingly. [Colloq., U. S.] 
For my part, I can't say as I see what's to be the end of 
all these new-fangled contraptions. 
J. C. Seal, Charcoal Sketches. 
contrapuntal (kon-tra-pun'tal), a. [< It. eon- 
furray (Child's Ballads, VI. 35). trappunto, counterpoint (see 'counterpoint"*), + 
-a(.] In music, pertainin 
contralateral (kon-tra-lat'e-ral), a. [< L. con- 
tea, against, + latm (later-), "siAe: see contra in accordance with its rules; having an inde- 
and lateral.] Occurring on the opposite side. pendent motion of the voice-parts. 
contra-lode (kon'tra-lod), . Same as counter- contrapuntally (kon-tra-pun'tal-i), adv. In a 
lode. contrapuntal manner. 
contralto (kon-tral'to), n. and a. [It., < contra, contrapuntist j(kon-tra-pun'tist), . [=F. con- 
counter, + alto, alto : see contra and alto,] I. 
n. ; pi. coutralti (-te). 1. In modern music, the 
voice intermediate in quality and range be- 
tween soprano and tenor, having a usual com- 
pass of about two octaves upward from the F be- 
low middle C ; the lowest of the varieties of the 
female voice. In medieval muxic, in which the melody 
was either in a middle voice or passed from one voice to COtttr'arCO (kon-trar'ko), n. \ 
another, and which utilized only male singers, the upper the bow: Contra, against ; arco, 
voice was naturally called altus. As music for mixed - . - - 
voices developed, that female voice which was nearest the 
altus, and thus most contrasted with it, was called contr' 
contrariety (kon-tra-ri'e-ti), n. ; pi. contrarie- 
ties (-tiz). [< F. contrariety = Sp. contrariedad 
= Pg. contrariedade = It. contrarietd, < LL. con- 
trarieta(t-)s, contrariness, < L. contrarius, con- 
trary: see contrary, a.] 1. The state or quality 
of being contrary; extreme opposition; the 
relation of the greatest unlikeness within the 
same class. 
Sedentary and within-door arts . . . have in their nature 
a contrariety to a military disposition. 
Bacon, Kingdoms and Estates. 
As there is by nature 
In everything created contrariety, 
So likewise is there unity and league 
Between them in their kind. 
Ford, Lover's Melancholy, iv. 3. 
So mayest thou more naturally feel the contrariety of 
vice unto nature. Sir T. Browne, Christ. Mor., i. 36. 
There is a contrariety between those things that con- 
science inclines to and those that entertain the senses. 
South. 
2. Something contrary to or extremely unlike 
another; a contrary. 
How can these contrarietie agree? 
Shak., 1 Hen VI., ii. 3. 
The contrarieties, in short, are endless. 
Bushnell, Nature and the Supemat., p. 71. 
Contrariety of motion, the relation of two changes 
along the same course but in opposite directions, as heat- 
ing and cooling. Also called contrariety of access and 
recess. Contrariety of position, the relation of two 
positions the furthest possible from each other, as of 
two antipodes on the earth. Contrariety of proposi- 
tions, the relation of two inconsistent universal proposi- 
tions having the same terms. Contrariety of quality, 
the relation of two extremely opposed qualities, as bent 
and cold, freedom and bondage, straightness and curva- 
ture. =Syn. 1 and 2. Contradictoriness, antagonism. 
to counterpoint, or con trarily (kon'tra-ri-li), adv. [< ME. rontm- 
rili ; < contrary + -?/2.] In a contrary manner : 
in opposition; antagonistically; in opposite 
ways ; on the other hand. 
Contrarily, the . . . Spaniards cried out according to 
their maner, not to God, hut to our Lady. 
Ilakhnjt's Voyages, II. 288. 
trapontiste = Pg. conirapontista, < It. contrap- 
pwntista, < contrappunto, counterpoint: see contrariness (kon'tra-ri-nes), n. 1. Contrari- 
counterpmntf.] One skilled in the rules and ety . opposition; antagonism. 2. Perverse- 
practice of counterpoint. 
Counterpoint is certainly so much an art, that to be what 
they call a learned contrapuntut is with harmonists a title 
of no small excellence. H~. Mason, Church Musick, p. 209. 
ness ; habitual obstinacy. 
I do not recognize any features of his mind except per- 
haps his contrariness. 
C. D. Warner, Backlog Studies, p. 34. 
alto. Also alto. 
2. A singer with a contralto voice. 
II. n. Pertaining to, or possessed of the qual- 
ity of, a contralto : as, a contralto voice. 
contramure (kon'tra-mur), n. [< L. contra, 
against, + murus, wall.] Same as countermure. 
and urc 1 .] Incorrect or false bowing on the 
violin, violoncello, etc. 
contraregularity (kon"tra-reg-u-lar'i-ti), . 
[< contra- + regularity.] Contrariety to rule 
or to regularity. [Rare or obsolete.] 
It is not only its not promoting, but its opposing, . . . 
so that it is not so properly an irregularity as a contra- 
n';ru]>i i-itii. Norris. 
contranatural (kon-tra-nat'u-ral), a. [< L. contrarelated (kon"trii-re-la'ted), a. [< COH- 
eontra, against, + natiira, nature, '4- -al] Op- tra- + related.] In analytical mecli., having as 
posed to nature. [Rare.] kinematical exponents contrafocal ellipsoids. 
^2 contrarious (kon-tra'ri-us), . [< ME. coHtrn- 
rious, eontrarius = OF. rontrarins. contraltos 
= Pr. contrarios = It. contnirioxo. < ML. cmi- 
Irariosus, an extension of L. ctmtrariiix, con- 
trary: see contrary, a.] Opposing: antagonis- 
tic; contrary; rebellious. [Rare.] 
The goddes ben ennlrarimi* t" me. 
Chaucer, (Jood Women, 1. 1360. 
Orlando, what contrarimw thoughts be these, 
That nock with doubtful motions in thy mind? 
Greene, Orlando Furioso. 
slit- tlew fontrarimtf! in the face of (iod 
With bat-wings of her vices. Mrs. Broirnin<j. 
