contrarious 
The riniti-in'iiiii* aspect both of nature ami man (con- 
cordant mid discordant with the Divine perfection) has 
liMen rise, as the nailer \\ell knous, tu a great amount 
of Ullnatisfllcto! V speculation. 
//. .lame*, subs, and .shad., p. 14;;. 
contrariously (kon-tril'ri-UH-li). adr. Contra- 
rily; oppositely, [Kan .J 
Many things. IIMVJIU lull n ! i 
To one eminent, may work ,-<'i,l,;i,-ii/*lit. 
>'/,ii<., Hen. \ ., I. L'. 
contrariwise (kon'tra-ri-wi/). adr. [< contrarii 
+ -icisf.] On the contrary ; oppositely; on the 
other hand. 
Not lenileriiiu evil for evil, or railing for railing: Imi 
contnn -i /','., Messing. 1 Pet. iii. !'. 
Tile Law lately tnaite. h\ which the t/ueeii of Scot* was 
eonileinn d. as not made (as some maliciously have 
iniagin'd) to ensnare her, but i-",iii,i,-,ii'-,^', to forewarn 
in, I ill hi lier from attempting 11113 thing against it. 
liaker, Chronicles, |>. 870. 
contra-rotationt (kon'trft-ro-ta'shon), M. [< 
contra- + rotation.] Kotation in a contrary 
direction. 
Some have thought thai !> the c.inti ul iety of the 
Strophe ami Antistrophe, they intended to represent the 
t'nnti',ti;iliili,i,i of the I'rimnm Mobile. 
t'o,, : irerr. The 1'indai ii|ile (hie. 
contrarotulatort (kon-tra-ro'tu-la-tor), ii. 
[ML. : see controller.] A controller; one whose 
business it was to observe the money which the 
collectors had gathered for the use of the king 
or the people, t 'otcelt. 
contrary (kon'tra-ri), a. and u. [< ME. cou- 
trarie, also contrain; < OF. con train; F. i-mi- 
traire = Pr. coiitrari = Sp. Pg. It. contrario, < L. 
ciintrariii.i, opposite, opposed, contrary, < con- 
tra, against: see contra and counter 3 .] I. u. 
1. Opposite; opposed; at the opposite point or 
in an opposite direction. 
81ipi>ers which his nimble haste had falsely thrust upon 
.nil/Hi, -i/ feet. Sw(ft. 
2. In bot., at right angles to : as, a silique com- 
pressed Contrary to the dissepiment (that is, in 
a direction at right angles to it, in distinction 
from a parallel direction). 3. Extremely un- 
like; the most unlike of anything within the 
same class: thus, hot and cold, up and doicn, 
sage and/oo?, heaven and hell, are contrarylerms. 
In logic two propositions are onttrartj when the one denies 
every possible case of the other: as, All cows are black; 
\o cows are black. They are contradictory when, one 
being universal, the other denies some only of the things 
asserted in the first ; as, All men are wise ; Some men are 
not wise. 
Our critics take a coittrary extreme ; 
They judge with fury, but they write with phlegm. 
Pope, Essay on Criticism, 1. ttol. 
I discovered that he was most violently attached to the 
i-oiiti-orft opinion. Goldsmith, Vicar, II. 
4. Adverse ; hostile ; opposing ; antagonistic ; 
opposite; conflicting. 
Blotting out the handwriting of ordinances that WHS 
against us, which was contrary to us. Col. ii. 14. 
That he that is of the contrary part may lie ashamed. 
Tit. II. s. 
5. Given to contradiction; acting in opposi- 
tion ; captious ; perverse ; intractable ; unac- 
commodating. 
Yes, he was always a little contrary, 1 think. 
C. D. Warner, Backlog Studies, p. 34. 
Contrary or opposite motion, in IHIMI'C, progression of 
parts in opposite directions, as \\hen one part ascends and 
another ileseemls. =Syn. 4. Inconttintritt. ('i,ith-ary, Con- 
tratlirtni-y, discordant, counter, antagonistic, OOOmoUng, 
inimical. In common use , ,,,,,, ,<i<fi /,' is the weakest of 
these, and contradictory the strongest. lncongi#tent simply 
asserts a failure to agree generally, however, in an ir- 
reeoneilahle way. Contrary asserts a general opposition : 
as. the two statements are quite eantrnrii (that is, tin \ 
point in different directions or lead to opposite beliefs). 
('nil rinlii'torit is active anil emphatic ; cinitnnlictory asser- 
tions are absolutely antagonistic and mutually exclusive. 
In every department of our nature, save our perishable 
l.inlies, \M- tlml something which seems to point beyond 
our three-score years and ten something inconguitfnt 
with the hypothesis that those years complete i nil inteiuleil 
existence. F. P. Cubbe, Peak in Darien, p. 241. 
But the numbers of poetry and vocal mnsick are some- 
times so i-iinti'itrii. that in many places I have been obliged 
to cramp my verses, ami make them ruu.uM to the reader, 
that they may be harmonious to tin- hearer. 
Vryden, Ded. of King Arthur. 
The Duke of Wellington once said that the true way to 
advance c,,:,tr,rili,-l,,,-ii propositions was t.i altlrm both ve- 
hemently, not attempting to prove either. 
A. Pln'liu, Kng. Style, p. 130. 
5. Wilful, I' ,it,,ii;i,':!. etr. s,.,. ,/, rtirtl. 
II. n.; pi. contraries (-riz). 1. One of a pair 
of objects placed at opposite points or seen in 
opposite directions; an opposite. 
But mi ii sei n another Mem . the :-"i:t,'n,-i, to him. that 
is toward the Suiithe. that is clept Antartyk. 
Mnitil>'n'll, . Tta\ el-, p. ]sn 
2. One of a pair of diameters, propositions, 
statements, or terms, the most different pos- 
1986 
sible within the same general sphere or class. 
See I., 3. 
N.i . .iii/rri, .1 , hold more antipathy 
I Inn 1 and such a knave. SAt-.. l.i-ar II. _'. 
it eonseielice be proof of illllate principles. 
may be Innate principles, since home men. with the same 
licnt of conscience, pn,^ entc what others avoid. 
Locke, Unman I'nderstanding. I. III. fa. 
In the language of logicians, as In that of life, a thing has 
only one mttnrf its extreme opposite ; the thing lai 
thest leiii.Aeil from it in the same class. Black is the .,/, 
I i',i i it of x\ hite, but neither of them is the i-i>nti -it i-it of red. 
Infinitely great Is the cunti-urii of iiilliiitcl) small, but is 
not the nmtrary of unite. J. .s. M;/I. 
3. A contradiction; a denial. [Kare. ] 4f. 
An adversary. 
Whether he or thou 
Mat iih his hundred, as I spak of now, 
Slt-n his ci'iili ',ii'nr. 
I'haueer, Knight's Tale, 1. luul. 
In contrary), In opposition , to the contrary. 
Who so makcth god his aduersarle, 
As for to werche any thing 111 contrarie 
Of bis w il, ccrtcs ncuer slial he tbryue. 
C'tiilncer, Canon's Yeoman's Tale (ed. Skeat), 1. 7>. 
Mediate and immediate contraries, in '".'""-, such 
contraries, respectively, as do or do not admit of a third 
term intermediate between them. 
Of cunt i ,/,-,',-., i n, n, ,'/,, i te there is a necessity that one of 
them should be in a capacious subject. .So of necessity 
every number must be even or odd. O( mediate*, no ne- 
cessity (or either o( them ; because the medium Itself ma: 
occupy the subject: for it is not necessary that a IMH!> 
should be black or white ; because it may Ik* red or green. 
Btirrfentdiciuit, tr. by a Gentleman. 
On the contrary, in precise or extreme opposition to 
w hat has been stated. 
It must not be supposed, that the repose of the two ar- 
mies was never broken by the sounds of war. More tlutn 
one rencontre, on the contrary, with various fortune, took 
place. Prencott, Kent, and Isa., ii. 14. 
To the contrary, to the opposite or a different effect ; In 
opposition, contradiction, or reversal of something stated. 
Have yon heard any Imputation (o the contrary < 
Shot., M. of V., i. 3. 
We wonder 
To hear yon speak so openly and tioldly, 
The king's command being publish 'd to the contra,-it. 
Fletcher, Double Marriage, ill. 2. 
contrary (kou'tra-ri), adv. [< contrary, a.] 1. 
In a contrary way; with a contrary result. 
And if ye walk confront unto me, ami will not hearken 
unto me, 1 will bring seven times more plagues upon you 
according to your sins. Lev. xxvi. 21. 
Our wills and fates do so contrary run, 
That our devices still are overthrown. 
Shale., Hamlet, 111. -j. 
2. In her., oppositely; contrariwise: said of two 
bearings each of which is in some sense the re- 
verse of the other. Thus, contrary flect'd slgnifles bent 
or bowed in opposite directions ; contrary invected or in- 
necked means having both sides invected and in opposite 
senses ; and contrary unde means uniU on both the upper 
and under sides. 
contrary (kon'tra-ri, formerly kon-tra'ri), r. t. : 
pret. and \>\>.c<nitraried, ppr. coiitrarying. [Ear- 
ly mod. E. also contrarie, contrarye, also con- 
traire ; < ME. contrarien, < OF. contrarier, con- 
troller, F. contrarier = Pr. Sp. Pg. contrariar = 
It. contrariare, < ML. contrariare, oppose, go 
against, < L. contrarian, opposite: see contrary, 
a.] To oppose ; contradict. [Obsolete or pro- 
vincial.] 
In al the court ne was ther w ii ne mayde 
.\e wydwe, that contrarinl that he sayde. 
Chaucer, Wife of Bath s Tale, 1. ISe. 
Vf preest-hod were parlU and preyede thus the peuple 
sin ilile amende, 
That now c-/tlm-iVn Cristes lawes and Cristcndom de- 
spised Pirn Plou-man (C), xviii. 2:, I. 
1'ioinle wlttes, that loue not to be contraryed, but bane 
lust to wraugle or trifle away troth. 
Axhani, The Scholemaster, p. 4;i. 
You must contrary me ! Sltak., K. and J., I. 6. 
To conti'fii-,t. ' toopimse. ' Still used in the Cnmlierlaiiil 
Mountains in Tennessee, and elsewhere In East Tennessee 
perhaps. A typical expression there would be "quit cuu 
if.iniin that child." Tram. Am,-r. PliiM. A**., XVII. 37. 
contrary-minded (kon'tra-ri-min l 'ded), a. Of 
a different or opposite mind or opinion. 
contrast (kon-trast'), r. [< F. contrtistcr = Pr. 
Sp. Pg. fon'trastar = It. contrastart; < ML. con- 
trustare, stand opposed to, withstand, < L. ron- 
tra, against, + stare = E. stand. Cf. resft, ar- 
n-si, /inst, where also -st represents L. stare.] 
I. trans. 1. To set in opposition, as two or 
more objects of a like kind, with a view to show 
t heir differences ; compare by observing differ- 
ences of character or qualities: used absolutely 
or followed by iriih : as, to contrast two pictures 
or statues: to contra*/ the style of Dickens 
irith that of Thackeray. 
To i;,/ilni*t the uotlne-s i i;,,,l ii-ith our rebellion will 
tend to make us hnnilile and thankful. Clm-k. 
I'lle ueneloslty of one |K.-|-Jton is most -t I on-ly felt when 
<-",if, -'t^liil irilli the meanness of another. 
Tn'/i/-. KllulMl S)nonvnies. p. !!:<. 
contravene 
2. In the //in "/'.-', to exhibit tin- differences . n-- 
dissimilitude of; heighten the effect of, or show 
to advantage, by opposition of position, atti- 
tude, form, or color. 
The tlxm en of the groups must not Ur all on a side, . . . 
but must contract each other by their several ]M.sitions. 
Quoted ill llryden* Parallel of 1'oetry and fainting. 
-flyn. ContiHtre, ('iintnt"t. ete. >ee i-,:,,i/i,i, . I 
il, intrans. To stand in contrast or opposi- 
tion ; exhibit diversity on comparison. 
The joints which divide the an<l-lone ...Hint*! finely 
with the divisional planes which sepaiate the basalt into 
pillars. l<f*U. 
Whellui sunn false sense In her own self 
Of my i'iuiti;i.ilin't brightness, overliore 
Her fancy dwelling in thisdiisk.v hall. 
/ " i.i i, , mi 
contrast (kon'lrasl), ii. [< t'.contriiHte = Pr. 
<-ontrii.it = Sp. \'<f. rnntrasti' = it. contraato; from 
i In- verb.] If. Opposition; dispute. 
lie married Matilda the daughter of Baldouin, the tin 
Karl of rlaunders, but not without conti-tmt and trouble. 
It.-:".' Hist. Kng., p. 2(1. 
In all these .,.'. "*'. the Archbishop prevailed, and 
1. 1. ike through mutinies and high threats. 
/;; ll'i.-l.'t. Abp. Williams, II. -.lei. 
2. Opposition in respect of certain qualities; 
antagonistic difference ; direct opposition : as, 
the contrasts and resemblances of the seasons. 
The loose political morality of u\ presented a remark 
able contrant to the ostentatious purity of I'itt. 
Mam'nla,,. William Pitt. 
Some o( his 1 KmersoiiB] audience . . . must have felt the 
lontroJtt between his utterances and the formal discourses 
they had so long listened to. O. M . ///,,<-. Kmerson, v. 
3. Oouiparison by exhibiting the dissimilitude 
or the contrariety of qualities in the things com- 
pared; the placing of opposite* together in or- 
der to make the antagonism of their qualities 
more apparent. 
All the talents and all the accomplishments which are 
developed by liberty and civilisation were now displayed, 
w ith every advantage that could be derived both from co- 
operation and from contract. Mncnulait, Warren Hastings. 
4. In the fine arts, opposition of varied forms 
or colors, which by juxtaposition magnify the 
effect of one another's peculiarities. 
contra-Stimulant (kon''trii-Ktim'u-lant), a. and 
H. I. a. Counteracting a stimulant. 
II. n. In med., a remedy which tends to coun- 
teract the effect of a stimulant, 
contrastive (kon-tras'tiv), a. [< confront + -ire.] 
Of the nature of or arising from contrast ; due 
to contrast. 
Their admiration is reflex and unconsciously cool rant irf. 
Harpei tXa : i.. LXXVI. 241. 
contrat (F. pron. koii-tra'), . [F. : see con- 
tract, n.] A contract. -Contrat aleatolre, in cieil 
tint; same as aleatory contract (which see, under alea- 
tory). Contrat de vente, in eiril lair, contract of sale. 
Contrat social. .Same as nucittl contract (which see, 
under contract). Contrat synallagmatlque, In cirit 
Inir, reciprocal contract. 
contrate (kon'trat), . [< ML. "coiitrattm (cf. 
fern, contrata, > ult. E. country), < L. contra, op- 
posite : see contra, and cf. contrary.] Having 
cogs or teeth arranged in a manner contrary to 
the usual one, or projecting parallel to the axis : 
as, a contrate wheel : used chiefly of wheels in 
clockwork. See crotrn-wheel. 
contra-tenor (kon'trft-teu-or), . [Also, as It., 
contra-tenore : see contra, tenor, and counter- 
tenor. Cf. contralto.] 1. In tuiinic, a middle 
part between the tenor and the treble ; counter- 
tenor. 2. One who sings this part. 
In his I'r. Croft's) time there was a very tine cotUrn- 
teiuir In the Koyal Chapel, called F.lford. 
W. Mam,,, Church Muslck. p. 18B. 
contravallation (kon'tra-va-la'shou), . [Also 
coiniterrallation ; < Y.contri-raUation = Sp. con- 
traralacion = Pg. contrarallacffo = It. contraral- 
lasione, < L. as if "coiitrarallatio(n-), < contra, 
rinst, + ralluiii, a rampart : see vail.] In 
t., a chain of redoubts and breastworks, 
either unconnected or united by a parapet, 
raised by the besiegers about the place invest- 
ed, to guard against sorties of the garrison, 
contrayariant (kon-tra-va'ri-aut ), . [< cuntra- 
+ rariiint.] In math., a function which stands 
in the same relation to the primitive function 
from which it is derived as any of its linear 
transforms to an inversely derived transform of 
its primitive. J. J. Sylrester Primitive contra- 
variant, the contravariaiit of a primitive form divided by 
the greatest common divisor of the minor determinant* of 
tiie matrix \\hieh i- the ilisei iminant of that fonu. 
contravene (kon-tra-ven'), r. t. ; pret. and pp. 
contrari-iied, ppr. contrari-nina. [= F. -.., 
n ir = Pr. Sp. contrarenir = Pg. onitrarir = It. 
i-iintrarrcnin; < 1,1,. cuiitrari-nire, oppose, ML. 
break (a law). < L. contra, against. + rcnin; 
