conn 
per surface and roots from the lower, as in the 
cyclamen. Some coring are coated with the sheathing 
liases of one or two leaves, as in the crocus and gladiolus, 
and are then often called mlid btMx. There are all gra- 
dations between the true naked corn- and the bulb con- 
sisting wholly of coats or scales. 
2. In sool., a cormus. 
corme (korm), M. [< P. corme (= Sp. corma), 
service-apple, sorb-apple, Cormier, service-tree, 
sorb-tree ; according to Littr6 repr. L. cornum, 
which means, however, the cornel cherry ; Prior 
says "from an ancient Gaulish name of a ci- 
der made from its (the service-tree's) fruit, the 
Kovp/u of Dioscorides " : Gr. novpiu (Dioscorides), 
also K6p/m (Athenceus), a kind of beer, an Egyp- 
tian, Spanish, and British drink.] The service- 
tree, Pi/ms (totne.iticii. 
cormeille (kor-mel'), n. Same as carmele. 
cor. mem. An abbreviation of corresponding 
member. 
cormi, n. Plural of cormus. 
cormogen (kor'mo-jen), n. [< Cormogence.] 
Same as cormophyte. 
Cormogenae (kor-moj'e-ne), n. pi. [NL., < Gr. 
Kop/ioi;, a trunk (see eorni), + -ytvr/f (L. -gcna), 
producing : see -genous.] Same as Cormophyta. 
cormogeny (kor-moj'e-ni), . [< Gr. Kopfioc,, a 
trunk (see corm), + -yevqc, producing. See 
Cormogence.] The history of the development 
of races or other aggregates of individuals, as 
communities and families. [Bare.] 
cormophyly (kor-mof'i-li), n. [< Gr. /cop/zoo, a 
trunk (see corm), + tyi'Mv, tribe.] Tribal his- 
tory of races, communities, or other aggregates 
of individual living organisms. [Bare.] 
Cormophyta (kor-mof'i-ta), n. pi. [NL., pi. 
of connojihytum : see cormopliyte.~\ One of two 
primary divisions of the vegetable kingdom as 
arranged by Endlicher, comprising all plants 
that have a proper axis of growth (stem and 
root), and including all pheenogamous plants as 
well as the higher vascular cryptogams. The 
other division was named Thallophyta. Also 
Cormogetue. 
cormophyte (kor'mo-fit), n. [< NL. cormopliy- 
tinn, < Gr. Kopfiuf, the trunk of a tree (see corm), 
+ </>vr6p, a plant.] A plant of the division Cor- 
mophyta ; a plant having a true axis of growth. 
Also cormogen. 
cormophytic (kor-mo-fit'ik), a. [< cormophyte 
+ -ic.] Having the characters of a cormophyte 
or of the Cormo/ihyhi ; having stem or leaves 
more or less distinctly differentiated. 
Cormopoda (kor-mop'o-da), . pi. [NL., < Gr. 
Kop,uoc, a trunk (see corm), + Trorf (irofS-) = E. 
foot.} 1. A synonym of Lamellibranehiata. 
Burmeister, 1843. 2. A synonym of Arctisca. 
cormorant (kor'mo-rant), . and a. [< ME. cor- 
merawnt, < OF. cormoran, cormorandc, also cor- 
man, F. cormoran = Pr. corpmari = Cat. corb- 
mari = Sp. cuervo mariito = Pg. corvomarinho = 
It. corvo murino, < ML. corpus marinus, lit. sea- 
crow : see Corrus and marine. The F. spelling 
appears to have been modified by Bret, morvran 
(= W. morfran), cormorant, lit. sea-crow, < mor, 
sea, + bran, crow.] I. . 1. A large totipalmate 
swimming and diving bird of the family Pkala- 
crocoracidce (which see for technical characters). 
There are about 25 species, of all parts of the world, much 
resembling one another, and all usually comprised in the 
single genus I'halacrocorax. They are mostly maritime, 
but some inhabit fresh waters ; they are gregarious, and in 
the breeding season some species congregate by thousands 
to breed on rocky ledges over the sea, or in swamps, build- 
Common Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo}. 
ing a rude bulky nest, and laying from 1 to 3 whole-col- 
ored greenish eggs coated with a white chalky substance. 
Their principal food is fish, and their voracity is prover- 
I'inl. The common cormorant of America, Europe, and 
Asia, Phalacrocorax carbo, \vhu-h may lie taken as the type 
1268 
of the whole, is about 3 feet long and 5 in extent, with a 
heavy body, long sinuous neck, a stout hooked bill about 
as long as the head, a naked gular pouch, stout strong 
wings, and 14 stiff tail-feathers denuded to the bases. The 
color is lustrous black, bronzed on the back, where the fea- 
thers have black edges ; the feet are black ; in the breed- 
ing season there is a white flank-patch ; and on the head 
are scattered white thready plumes. The same or a simi- 
lar species is domesticated by the Chinese and Japanese 
and taught to fish. A smaller species, the crested cormo- 
rant, P . criitatus, is found in Europe, and is known as the 
shag, a name also used for cormorants at large. The com- 
monest North American species is the double-crested cor- 
morant, P. dilophux, having only 12 tail-feathers (the num- 
ber usual in the genus), the gular sac convex behind, and 
a crest on each side of the head. The Florida cormorant, 
which breeds by thousands in the mangrove swamps, isa va- 
riety of the last. On the Pacific coast of the United States 
several other species occur, as the violet-green cormorant 
(P. violace.m), the red-faced (P. bicristatus), the tufted 
(P. penmllatus), and others. The Mexican cormorant, 
/'. mexieama, is a small species which extends into the 
United States. A few species are largely white, and oth- 
ers are spotted. 
Thence up he [Satan] flew ; and on the Tree of Life, 
The middle tree and highest there that grew, 
Sat like a cormorant. Milton, P. L., iv. 196. 
2f. A greedy fellow ; a glutton. 
Light vanity, insatiate cormorant, 
Consuming means, soon preys upon itself. 
Shalt., Rich. II., ii. 1. 
Next, here's a rich devouring cormorant 
Comes up to town, with his leathern budget stuff'd 
Till it crack again, to empty it upon company 
Of spruce clerks and squalling lawyers. 
Beau, and Fl. (?), Faithful Friends, i. 2. 
3t. [In this use also sometimes written corvo- 
rant (as if < corn 1 + vorant, devouring) and 
cornmorant (as if < com 1 + "nun-ant, delaying: 
see moration), and associated with cornmudgin, 
curmudgeon, q. v.] A very avaricious person; 
a miser ; a curmudgeon. 
When the Cormorants 
And wealthy farmers hoord up all the graine, 
He empties all his garners to the poore. 
No-body and Some-body (1600), 1. 320 (cd. Palmer). 
The covetous cormorants or corn-morantx of his time. 
H'. Smith, The Blacksmith (1606). 
II. a. Having the qualities of a cormorant; 
greedy ; rapacious ; insatiable. 
When, spite of conrwrant devouring time, 
Th 1 endeavour of this present breath may buy 
That honour, which shall bate his scythe's keen edge. 
Shak., L. L. L., i. 1. 
It underwent the process of "annexation" to the cor- 
morant republic of ancient times. Sumncr, White Slavery. 
Cormostomata (kor-mo-sto'ma-ta), n.pl. [NL., 
< Gr. nopfiof, atrunk (see corm), + arofui, mouth.] 
One of three suborders into which the Entomos- 
traca are divided by Dana. It contains the 
epizoic or parasitic crustaceans, and is approx- 
imately equivalent to the Siphonostoma. 
cormus (kor'mus), n. ; pi. cormi (-mi). [NL., < 
Gr. Koppof, the trunk of a tree with the boughs 
lopped off: see corm.'] 1. In bot., same as corm. 
2. In zool., the common stock of a compound 
animal, as an ascidiarium, a zoanthodeme, and 
the like, when divided into colonies of zoo'ids, 
as may be variously effected by gemmation or 
other more or less complete division. 
corn 1 (kora), ii. [< ME. corn, coren, corne, < AS. 
corn, a grain or seed, grain, corn, = OS. OFries. 
korn = D. koren, koorn = MLG. koren, LG. koren, 
koorn = Icel. Dan. Sw. korn = OHG. chorn, cho- 
ron, corn, MHG. G. korn = Goth, kaurn, grain, a 
grain, = L. granum (> ult. E. grain) = OBulg. 
zruno = Slov. Serv. Bohem. zrno = Pol. ziarno 
= Serbian zorno, eerno = Little Buss, and Russ. 
zerno = OPruss. zyrne = Lith. zhirnis = Lett. 
zirnis, grain. Hence dim. kernel, q. v.] 1. A 
single seed of certain plants, especially of cereal 
plants, as wheat, rye, barley, and maize; a grain. 
[In this sense it has a plural, corn*.] 
Except a corn of wheat fall into the ground and die, it 
abideth alone. John xii. 24. 
2. The seeds of cereal plants in general, in 
bulk or quantity; grain: as, corn is dear or 
scarce. In this sense the word comprehends all the 
kinds of grain used for the food of men or of horses, but in 
Great Britain it is generally applied to wheat, rye, oats, 
and barley, and in Scotland generally restricted to oats. 
In the United States it is by custom appropriated to maize 
(specifically, Jndiit n corn) ; hence it is usual to say the crop 
of wheat is good, but that of corn is bad ; it is a good year 
for wheat and rye, but bad for corn. [In this sense there 
is no plural.] 
3. The plants which produce corn when grow- 
ing in the field; the stalks and ears, or the 
stalks, ears, and seeds after reaping and before 
threshing: as, a field of corn ; a sheaf or a shock 
of corn ; a load of corn. The plants or stalks 
are included in the term corn until the seed is 
separated from the ears. 
They brende alle the comes in that lend. 
Chaucer, Monk's Tale, 1. 45. 
corn-badger 
In one night, ere glimpse of morn, 
His shadowy (lait hath thresh'd the corn 
That ten day-labourers could not end. 
Milton, L'Allcgro, 1. 10a 
Swift Camilla scours the plain, 
Flies o'er th' unbending corn, and skims along the main. 
Pope, Essay on Criticism, 1. 373. 
4. A small hard particle ; a grain. [Now rare.] 
Not a corn of true salt, not a grain of right mustard, 
amongst them all. Jl. Jonson, Bartholomew Fair, i. 1. 
Coffee-corn or guinea-corn, a variety of Sorghum vul- 
ijare extensively cultivated in many warm countries for its 
grain. The name guinea-corn is also applied in the West 
Indies to several grain-bearing species of Panicitm. In- 
dian corn. See maize. Popped corn. See pop-corn. 
Round corn, a trade-name for the grain of a class of yel- 
low maize with small, round, very hard kernels. Sweet 
corn. See maize. To acknowledge the corn, to ad- 
mit or confess something charged or imputed ; especially, 
to admit that one has been mistaken, beaten, etc. [Slang, 
U. S.] 
The " Evening Mirror " very naively comes out and ac- 
knowledges the corn, admits that a demand was made. 
Sew York Herald, June 27, 1846. 
You are beat this time, anyhow, old feller ; you just ac- 
knowledge the corn hand over your hat ! 
W. M. Baker, New Timothy, p. 211. 
com 1 (korn), v. [< corn 1 , n.] I. trans. 1. To 
preserve and season with salt in grains; lay 
down in brine, as meat: as, to corn beef or 
pork. 2. To granulate; form into small 
grains. 
The old firework-makers were obliged to have recourse 
to trains of corned gunpowder. 
Strutl, Sport* and Pastimes, p. 481. 
3. To feed with oats, as a horse. [Scotch.] 
When thou wast corn't an' I was mellow, 
We took the road aye like a swallow. 
Burns, The auld Farmer's Salutation to his auld Mare. 
4. To plant with corn. [Bare.] 
Those hundreds of thousands of acres of once valuable 
Southern lands, corned to death, and now lying to waste 
in worthless sage grass. 
IT. S. Cone. Rep., No. Ix. (1886), p. 40. 
5. To render intoxicated; make drunk, as with 
whisky. [Colloq.] 
The lads are weel corned. 
Jamieson. 
Tobias was just clearly on the wrong side of the line which 
divides drunk from sober ; but Hardy was " royally corned" 
(but not falling) when they met, about an hour by sun in 
the afternoon. Georgia Scenes, p. 161. 
II. intrans. To beg corn of farmers on St. 
Thomas's day, December 21st. [Eng.] 
corn 2 (k6rn), n. [< F. corne (also cor), a horn, 
a hard or horny swelling on a horse, < L. cormi, 
a horn, a horny excrescence, a wart, etc., = E. 
horn: see horn.'] 1. A thickening or callosity 
of the epidermis, usually with a central core or 
nucleus, caused by undue pressure or friction, 
as by boots, shoes, or implements of occupation. 
Corns are most common on the feet. 2f. Any 
horny excrescence. 
Comes that wol nnder growe her [their] eye, 
That but thou lete hem oute, the sight wol die. 
Palladium, Husboudrie (E. E. T. S.), p. 22. 
Cornacese(k6r-na'se-e),M.pi. [NL., < Cornus + 
-acece.] A natural order of polypetalous exo- 
gens, mostly of northern temperate regions, 
grouped in 12 genera of shrubs or trees, nearly 
ecus: see Cornacea:.] Pertaining to or having 
the characters of the natural order Cornacece. 
Cornacuspongiae (kor-nak-u-spon'ji-e), n. pi. 
[NL.,<L. cormi, horn,+ acus, needle, + Spongia, 
sponges.] In Lendenfeld's system of classifi- 
cation, the fourth order of sponges, it contains 
Stticea with soft mesoglcea, the supporting skeleton com- 
posed of bundles of monaxial, not tylostylar, spicules, and 
strengthened by spongin, which cements the spicules. The 
spicules may be entirely wanting when the skeleton con- 
sists of spongin ; sometimes the skeleton also disappears. 
The order contains all the Ceratotpaivjia!, together with 
those monactinellids and Myxovixwgice which do not be- 
long to the Chfnulrotpongice. 
cornage (kor'naj), n. [< AF. cornage (ML. eor- 
ndj/iiim), < OF. corne, a horn : see corw 2 , horn.'] 
1. An ancient North English tenure of land, 
which obliged the tenant to give notice of an 
invasion of the Scots by blowing a horn. By 
this tenure many persons held their lands in the district 
adjoining the Picts' wall. This old service was afterward 
paid in money, and the sheriffs accounted for it under the 
title of cornagium. 
2. In feudal law, a tax or tribute on horned cat- 
tle. Seebohm, Eng. Vil. Community. 
cornalinet, n. An obsolete form of cornel inn. 
cornallt, -An obsolete form of coronal. 
COrnamutet, " Same as mnn-mum: Ilrayton. 
corn-badger (k6ru'baj"er), w. A dealer in com. 
See badger 3 . 
