cosmology 
if 'Koa/trd.ovia (cf. adj. noo/u>r'.oyut6c. l pertaining to 
physical philoBOphy: sec mninoloi/ii-al), < MT//O. . 
the world, + -'/.iiyta, < '";>i\-, speak : sec -oliMjij. } 
1. The general science or theory of the cosmos 
or muteriitl universes of its parts, elements, ami 
laws; the general discussion and coordination 
of the results of the special sciences. 
Tin- flirt* of the Internal Order, which yield n cosmology, 
are supplemented by the factsof the Internal order, which 
yield 1 psychology, and the fa. -Is of tin- Social order, which 
yield ii wdolOg7. (.'. //. /,...-. I'op. Sci. Mo., XIII. 414. 
2. That branch of metaphysics which is con- 
cerned with the a priori discussion of the ul- 
timate philosophical problems relating to the 
world as it exists in time and space, and to the 
order of nature. Rational cosmology, a philosophy 
of the material universe founded largely or wllollv on a 
priori or metaphysical principles, and aot mainly on ob- 
servation. = Syn. O>.VW(/"/l'/, Cii\, nnlnnil, I 'i:aiii<'<n''l (ill II. 
<'t>.<n<<>:iiuii/ treats of the way in which the world or the 
universe came to lie ; cosmolrttfy, of Its general theory, or of 
its structure and parts, as it is found existing; cosmoyra- 
f'tut, of its appcaranci-, or the .structure, figure, relations, 
etc., of Its parts. Kuch of these words may stand for a 
treatise upon the corresi>oml!ng subject. Cosmology and 
cnxun:>i<-<(iil<n are not altogether distinct. 
cosmometry (koz-mom'e-tri), . [= F. cos- 
iitoiHctrie, < Gr. KOODOO, the world, + -/trr/un, < 
/u'rpoi', a measure.] The art of measuring the 
world, as by degrees and minutes of latitude or 
longitude. 
cosmoplastic (koz-mo-plas'tik), a. [< Gr. KO- 
afum'AaariK, the framer of the world, < Koofioir'/.a- 
arelv, frame the world, < Koa/jof, the world, + 
KAaaaetv, form, frame: see plastic.] Pertain- 
ing to or concerned with the formation of the 
universe or world ; cosmogonic. 
The opinion of Seneca signifies little in this cane, he be- 
ing no better than a coinrioplasticlc atheist ; I. e., he made 
a certain plastick or spermatick nature, devoid of all 
aninnility or conscious intellectuality, to be the highest 
principle in the universe. 
Haiti/well, Melainpronica (1081), p. 84. 
cosmopolicy (koz-mo-pol'i-si), w. [< cosmopo- 
lite, after /)0/ryl.] Cosmopolit an or universal 
character ; universal polity ; freedom from pre- 
judice. [Rare.] 
I have finished the rough sketch of my poem. As I 
have not abated an iota of the infidelity or mmwpoKev of 
it, suiiirii n! u ill remain, exclusively of innumerable faults, 
invisible to partial eyes, to make it very unjiopular. 
Shelley, in Uowden, I. 341. 
cosmopolitan (koz-mo-pol'i-tan), a. and n. [As 
foxniofiolite + -an, after metropolitan.] I. a. 1. 
Belonging to all parts of the world; limited or 
restricted to no one part of the social, political, 
commercial, or intellectual world; limited to 
no place, country, or group of individuals, but 
common to all. 
Capital is becoming more and more cosmopolitan. 
J. S. MM. 
We revere in Dante that compressed force of life-long 
passion which could make a private experience cosmopoli- 
tan in its reach and everlasting in its significance. 
Louvll, Among my Books, 1st ser., p. 171. 
1289 
The wild-goose Is more of a cotwopolitg than we : he 
breaks hi* fast in Canada, taken a luncheon in Hie "hi" 
and plumes himself for the niiiM in a southern luiyou. 
Thorrau, Waldeu, p. 342. 
II, a. Universal; world-wide; cosmopolitan. 
Knylish ix emphatically the language of commerce, of 
civilization, of .social and religions lift Mom, of progressive 
intelligence, . . . and, therefore, beyond any tongue ever 
used by man, it is of right the cosmopolite speech. 
(J. /". Marsh, Ucts. on Kng. I-ang., I. 
COsmopolitical (koz'mo-po-lit'i-kal), a. [< 
mttmn/iiilitf, after political.] Universal; cos- 
mopolitan. 
To Ilmlc hiiiwlfc Cosmopolites, a citizen and uipinlirr 
of the whole and onely one my.stirall citie vniuersall, and 
so consequently to meditate of the Cosmopoiiticall gou- 
ernment thereof. llukluyt's Voyages, I. 6. 
Kant says somewhere that, as the records of human 
transactions accumulate, the memory of man will have 
room only for those of supreme carmopolitical Importance. 
Lowell, Harvard Oration, Nov. 8, 1886. 
cosmopolitism (koz-mop'o-li-tizm), n. [< cos- 
mopolite + -ism.] Same as cosmopolitanism. 
The cosmopolitism of Germany, the contemptuous na- 
tionality of the Englishman, and the ostentatious ami boast- 
ful nationality of the Frenchman. Coleridge. 
cosmorama (koz-mo-ra'ma), ii. [NL., < Gr. n6- 
oy/of, the world, + u/Mfia, a view, < opav, gee.] A 
view or series of views of the world; specifi- 
cally, an exhibition of a number of drawings, 
paintings, or photographs of cities, buildings, 
landscapes, and the like, in different parts of 
the world, so arranged that they are reflected 
from mirrors, the reflections being seen through 
a lens. 
The temples, and saloons, and cosuwramas, and foun- 
tains glittered and sparkled before our eyes. 
Dickens, Sketches by Boz, xiv. 
cosmoramic (kpz-mo-ram'ik), a. [< cosmorama 
+ -ic.] Relating to or like a cosmorama. 
cosmos 1 (koz'rnos), n. [Also kosmos; < NL. 
cosmos, cosmus, ML. cosmos, < Gr. /tooyjof, order, 
good order, form, ornament, and esp. the world 
or the universe as an orderly system.] 1. 
Order; harmony. 
Hail, brave Henry : across the Nine dim Centuries, we 
salute thee, still visible as a valiant Son of Com/to* and Sou 
of Heaven, beneficently sent us ! 
Carlyle, Frederick the Great, ii. 1, 
Hence 2. The universe as an embodiment of 
order and harmony ; the system of order and 
law exhibited in the universe. 
If we take the highest product of evolution, civilized hu- 
man society, and ask to what agency all It* marvels must 
be credited, the inevitable answer is To that l : nknown 
Cause of which the entire Cortitos is a manifestation. 
U. Spencer J Pop. Sci. Mo., XXV. 471. 
3. Any system or circle of facts or things con- 
sidered as complete in itself. 
Each of us is constantly having sensations which do not 
amount to perceptions land) make no lodgment in the cos- 
mos of our experience. 
T. II. Green, Prolegomena to Ethics, { 1 1 . 
home all over the world. 3. Characteristic 
of a cosmopolite : as, cosmopolitan manners. 
4. Widely distributed over the globe : said of 
plants and animals. 
II. . One who has no fixed residence ; one 
who is free from provincial or national preju- 
dices; one who is at home in everyplace; a 
citizen of the world; a cosmopolite, 
cosmopolitanism (koz-mo-pol'i-tan-izm), n. 
[< cosmopolitan + -ism.] The state of being 
cosmopolitan ; universality of extent, distribu- 
tion, feeling, etc. ; especially, the character 
of a cosmopolite, or citizen of the world. Also 
called cosiiioiHiliti.tiit. 
He |Comlc| prrai heil cosmopolitanism, but remained 
the quintessence of a Frenchman. A". A. Rev., CXX. 24<i. 
After the overthrow of the great NajHiK-onic Kmpire, a 
reaction against f'<>*iin>it<>l/t<tni*in and a romantic enthusi- 
asm for nationality spread over Euro|>c like an epidemic. 
I). M. Wallace, Russia, p. 41S. 
cosmopolite (koz-mop'6-lit), n. and a. [= F. 
i-dsiinifKiliti = Sp. Pg. ft. cosmopolita, < Gr. KO- 
afioirofari/f, a citizen of the world, (. noo/toc,, the 
world, + iror.iTiK, citizen : see politic, polity.] 
1. >t. 1. A citizen of the world; one who is 
cosmopolitan in his ideas or life. 
I came tumbling into the world a pure cadet, a tme 
coKi/KoWj'ff ; not born to land, lease, house, or office. 
Ilmrrll. Letters, I. vl. 80. 
His air was that of a <-<i*/mi/WiV< p 
In the wide universe from sphere to sphere. 
I.Hii-rll. oriental Apologue. 
2. An animal or a plant existing in many or 
most )inrts of the world, or having a wide range 
of existence or migration. 
to 
Arizona. C. catutatu* is widely naturalized through the 
tropics. C. lii'iiinnatus and C. dieersifolius are frequently 
cultivate!!. 
cosmos'-'t, . [A corrupted form (appar. for 
"comos) of Tatar kumiz: see kumiss.] Fer- 
mented mare's milk : same as kumiss. 
Their drinke called Cosmos, which is mares milke, is 
prepared after this mailer. Halrluyt's Voyages, I. 97. 
They [the Tatars] then cast on the ground new Cosmos, 
and make a great feast. Purchas, Pilgrimage, p. 414. 
cosmoscope (koz'mo-skop), w. [< Gr. noa/wf, the 
universe, + awmelv, view.] An instrument de- 
signed to show the positions, relations, and 
movements of the sun, earth, and moon; an 
orrery. 
cosmosphere (koz'mo-sfer), w. [< Gr. KOO/IOC,, 
the world, + a<fxui>a, a sphere.] An apparatus 
for showing the position of the earth at any 
given time with respect to the fixed stars. It 
consists of a hollow glass globe, on which are depicted the 
stars forming the i >ti Nations, and within which is a ter- 
restrial globe. 
cosmotheism (koz'mo-the-izm), n. [< Gr. KU- 
affof, the world, + 9fuf, God, + -ism: see ttiei^m. \ 
Deification of the cosmos ; the system which 
identifies God with the cosmos ; pantheism, 
cosmothetic (koz-mo-thet'ik), a. [< Gr. Koa/ioc,, 
the world, + flfTixof, < ftrof, verbal adj. of ri- 
Bevat, put, assume, = E. do : see thesis.] Sup- 
posing the existence of an external world; 
affirming the real existence of the external 
world. 
To the class of ,;>ain,itlirtir idealists the great majority 
of modern philosophers are to be referred. 
Sir If. Iliimillvii. 
Cosmothetic Idealism, idealist. See the nouns. 
Cossus 
Cosne (kon), A red wine grown in tin- de- 
partment nl Nievre in r'rance, similar in flavor 
in I'.unleaiix, and improving with age. 
COBOVereign (ko-sov'e-ran,), ii. [< cii-l + fov- 
1 n ii/n . J A joint sovereign. 
Peter being then only a lioy, Sophia, Ivan's Bitter of the 
whole liliKxl, WO joined with them as I client, under the 
title ol i ItKni'llntiii. 
COSpeciflc (kn-spe-sif'ik), . [< CO-' -f x/irn/iV. | 
Of the same species; ccmspecilie. 
COSS't, [MK., < AS. cons, a kiss: see tins, n. 
and f.] A kiss. 
The tjueen thus acorded witli the Croc, 
Agens hyin spak nomore speche ; 
The lady gaf the cros a cone, 
The lady of love longe loue gan srche. 
Uoly /(./ (K. K. T. S.), p. 207. 
coss'-'t (kos), n. [In phrase rule of coss, an early 
name for algebra, a half-translation of It. re- 
gola di cosa, lit. the rule of the thing: m/n'. 
< L. regula, rule ; di, < L. dc, of; cosa, a thing 
(< L. causa, a cause, LL. a thing), being the 
unknown quantity, x: see rule, chose'*, and x 
as an algebraic symbol.] The unknown quan- 
tity in an algebraic problem. Also cos, cosa. 
Rule Of COSS, an elementary algebraic method of solving 
problems ; algebra. 
COSS :! (kos), n. [Also written kon, repr. Hind. 
kos = Beng. kros, a coss, < Skt. /.;<. a call, 
calling-distance (e. g., Hind, gau-kos, the dis- 
tance at which one can hear the lowing of a 
cow), < T/ ATWC, call, cry out.] In India, a road- 
measure of variable extent, ranging from 1 to 
2 miles (rarely more), being usually about 14 
miles, especially in Bengal. 
I determined to keep to the road and ride round to the 
next bungalow at Narkunda, . . . which is ten coss, or 
a!i. int fifteen miles away. 
W. II. Jlussell, Diary in India, II. 164. 
Cossack (kos'ak), ii. [ Kuss. hn.ii/.ii, Kazaku, a 
Cossack ; cf . Turk. I.,I..H/,. a robber ; said to be 
of Tatar origin.] One of a military people 
inhabiting the steppes of Russia along the lower 
Don and about the Dnieper, and in lesser num- 
bers in eastern Russia, Caucasia, Siberia, and 
elsewhere. Their origin 1s uncertain, but their nucleus 
is supposed to have consisted of refugees from the ancient 
limit-- of Russia forced by hostile invasion to the adoption 
of a military organization or order, which grew into a more 
or less free tribal existence. Their independent spirit 
has led to numerous unsuccessful revolts, ending in their 
subjection, although they retain various privileges. As 
light cavalry they form an element In the Russian army 
very valuable In skirmishing operations and in the pro- 
tection of the frontiers of the empire. 
cossas (kos'az), n. pi. [. Ind.] Plain East 
Indian muslins, of various qualities and widths, 
cossee (kos'e), n. [Of E. Ind. origin.] A brace- 
let. 
cosset (kos'et), n. [Cf. Walloon cosset, a suck- 
ing pig.] 1. A lamb brought up by hand, or 
without the aid of the dam ; a pet lamb. 
Much greater gyfts for guerdon thou shalt gayue 
Then Kldde or Cosset. Spenser, Shep. (.'al., Novemt>er. 
2. A pet of any kind. 
ifunr. Well, this dry nurse, I say still, la a delicate man. 
Mrs. Lit. And I am for the cosset his charge : did you 
ever see a fellow's face more accuse him for an ass? 
//. Jonson, Bartholomew Fair, L 1. 
cosset (kos'et), r. t. [< cosset, n.] To fondle ; 
make a pet of; nurse fondly. 
I have been cosseting this little beast up, In the hojies 
you'd accept it as a present. 
U. Kingsley, OeofTry Hamlyn. xxvi. 
Every flection of political importance, every interest in 
the electorate, has to lie cosseted and propitiated by tin- 
humouring of whims, fads, and even more substantial de- 
mands. Fortnightly llec., N. S., XL. 145. 
cossict, cossicalt (kos'ik, -i-kal), a. [= It. cos- 
sico ; as coss 2 + -ic, -teal. The true derivation 
having been forgotten, it was, later, ignorantly 
connected with L. cos, a whetstone.] Relating 
to algebra ; algebraic. 
There were sometimes added to these numbers certain 
signs or algebraic figures, called cossical signings. 
Strvlt, Sports and Pastimes, p. 414. 
Cossic algorism, an algebraical process of determining 
the value of an unknown quantity.- CossiC numbers, 
IMjwers and root-. 
Cossidae (kos'i-de), . pi. [NL., < Cossus + 
-iilir.] A family of nocturnal Lepidoptera or 
moths, taking name from the genus Coxsvs : sy- 
nonymous with Epialidi? (which see). 
COSSistt (kos'ist), n. [< eo*s2 + .j s t.] An al- 
el>raist. 
COSSOletist, Same as cassolette. 
cossum (kos'um), M. A malignant ulcer of the 
nose, often syphilitic. Dnnnlison. 
Cossus (kos 'tis), H. [NL., < L. cossus, a kind of 
larva found under the bark of trees.] 1. A 
genus of moths, of the family Epialidce (or 
a) ; the ghost-moths. Costui ligniperda, one 
