courant 
I wiuilil set up a press lii-rt In Italy, to write all tin- r- 
rittlliH'x for Christendom. 
Fletcher unit anotln r, Fair Maid of tin- I tin, iv. '1. 
1 am no foutiHj.st, 
No pedlar of avisos, no monopolist 
Of forg'd corantos, monger of gazettes. 
/';,/, Lady's Trial, I. 1. 
COUrap (ko-vap'), n. [E. Ind.] A disease in 
the East Indies, of a herpetic character, in 
which then- is perpetual irritation of the sur- 
face, mid eruption, especially on the groin, face, 
breast, and armpits. 
courbach, n. See kourbach. 
courbaril (kor'ba-ril), . [From 8. Amer. 
11:11111-.] Same as anime, 3. 
COUrbet, and v. A Middle English form of curb. 
courcheft, An obsolete form of kerchief. 
Wright, 
COUTQOn (F. pron. kiir-sdn'), n. [P., < court, < L. 
curtus, short (cf. short).] An iron hoop or band 
employed to strengthen and hold together a 
i-iinnon-mold during casting. 
COureH, t>. '. An obsolete form of cower. 
COUre 2 t, '' ' [< ME. coueren, i. e., coveren, cov- 
er ; an archaism (appar. misread as one sylla- 
ble) in Spenser.] To cover ; protect ; cherish. 
lie courd it tenderly, . . . 
As chicken newly hatcht. 
Spenter, F. Q., II. vlll. 9. 
courier (k8'ri6r), n. [= D. koerier = G. cou- 
rier = Dan. kurer = Sw. kurir, < OP. cotirii r, 
F. courrier = It. corriere = Sp. correo = Pg. 
correio, < ML. 'citrrarius, currerius, a runner, 
a messenger, < L. currere, ru: see current 1 . 
The older form was cnrrour, q. v.] 1. A mes- 
senger sent express with letters or despatches. 
I attend 
To hear the tidings of my friend 
Which every hour his courier* bring. 
Tennyson, In Memorial!), cxxvl. 
The establishment of relays of couriers to carry de- 
spatches between the king and his brother is regarded as 
the tirst attempt at a postal system in England. 
Stubbl, Const. 1 1 i -I . | 359. 
2. A traveling servant whose especial duty is 
the making of all arrangements at hotels and 
on the journey for a person or party by whom 
he is employed. 
A French Courier best of servants and most beaming 
of men ! 
Dickens, Pictures from Italy, Going through France. 
Problem of the couriers, in alg., an ancient Indian prob. 
lem the data of which .-in that two couriers set out simul- 
taneously from two stations, either in the same or in con- 
trary directions, at given rates of speed : tile problem is to 
tlnd when and where they will meet. 
COUril (ko'ril), n. [Bret.] In Brittany, one of 
the tiny fairies reputed to frequent druidical 
remains and to delight in beguiling young girls. 
courlan (kb'r'lan), . [F. form of S. Amer. 
name.] The book-name of birds of the genus 
Aramus: as, the scolopaceous courlan, Aramus 
scolopaceits, of South America. Also called 
carau, crying-bird, and limpkin. 
courlett (kor'let), . In her., a cuirass or breast- 
plate used as a bearing. 
courmi, curmi (kor'mi), n. [Or. mvpfii, also 
Kup/ia, a kind of beer; of foreign origin.] A 
fermented liquor made from barley ; a kind of 
ale or beer. Uunglixon. 
courol (ko'rol), n. [F. form of native name.] 
A Madagascan bird of the genus Leptosomus and 
family Leptiixoniatiiln: (1. Curier. 
couronne (ko-ron'), " [F., lit. a crown, < L. 
corona, a crown: see crown, n., and corona.'] A 
crown : a French word used in English in some 
special senses, (a) In lace-makina, a decorative loop 
used as part of an ornamental border, whether of the 
whole piece of lace or of a leaf or flower in the pattern. 
A row of couromies often has the effect of a row of battle- 
ments. (6) A French coin. (1) The couronne d'or, or gold 
crown, coined about 1840, and worth altout 3.50. (2)Tln " 
<i lo couronne, worth about *2. 07 when flrst coined in 1884 : 
but smvessivf isMu-s \\ere lighter, and during the fifteenth 
eentiiry the usual value was $2.20. (3) The denier rt la 
couronitf and ;trox <> la rouronnf, coins of silver or billon, 
worth from -J to 7 United States cents, (c) A vegetable 
tnieinir-paper, 14 x 19 inches in size. Couronne des 
tasses [K., lit. u crown or circle of cups : see cnnm, n., 
ivirii/i'i, ami tax*, lan.tr], u simple kiml of volt:iie batten 
invented by Volta, long since su|>erseded by more power- 
ful apparatus. It consists of a series of cups arranged in a 
circle, eaeh eoirainiuu salt water or dilute sulplmnr ;u-iii, 
with a plate of silver or eopju-r and a plate of zinc im- 
mersed in it, the silver or copper of each cup beiu^r cou- 
nerteil with the /inr of the next, ami so on. When a wire 
is led from tile silver nr copper of the last to the zine of 
the llrst. a current of electricity passes through tin- ritviiit. 
This as the first li.|ind battery invented. See lialtrrii. *. 
couronn6 (ko-ro-na'), a. [F., pp. of ct>ur<nu r, 
< L. ciiroiian: crown: see coronatr and criiirii. 
r.J In /;.. same :is eroirnt'il. 
COUTOUCOU (ko'ro-ko), . [F. spelling; in E. 
rn-i, ([. v.] Atrogon: :my bird of the fam- 
ily Troyoniita: 
1311 
courrort, Same as eurror. 
course 1 ( kors), n. [< ME. cours, course, < OF. curs, 
cors, cours, m., antme, {., F. cours, m., course, I., 
= Pr. cars, m., corsa, t., = Sp. Pg. curgo, m., = 
It. corso, m., and corsa, f., a course, race, way, 
etc., < L. curttux, m., ML. also cursa, t., a course, 
running, < currere, pp. curmis, run : see cur- 
rent 1 .'] 1. A running or moving forward or 
onward; motion forward; a continuous pro- 
gression or advance. 
The (inner Castyll Chambers, Dores, wyndows, and all 
maner of bordys, that the wynde myght have hys cowte att 
more large. Torlcinglon, liiarie of Eng. Travel!, p. 82. 
Pray . . . that the word of the Ixird may hare free 
count, and be glorified. 2 The*, ill. 1. 
Then let me go, and hinder not my eourte: 
I'll be as patient as a gentle stream, 
And make a pastime of each weary step. 
Shalt., T. G. of V., II. 7. 
Thither hU COUTK he Lends. Milton, P. L., 111. 573. 
2. A running in a prescribed direction, or over 
a prescribed distance ; a race ; a career. 
I have finished my eourte. . . . Henceforth there is laid 
up for me a crown. 2 Tim. Iv. 7. 
stand you directly In Antonlus' way, 
When he doth run his count. Shot., J. C., I. 2. 
Yet fervent had her longing been, through all 
Her course, for home at hut, and burial 
With her own husband. M. Arnold. 
3. The path, direction, or distance prescribed 
or laid out for a running or race; tin- ground 
or distance walked, run, or sailed over, or to be 
walked, run, or sailed over, in a race: as, there 
being no competition, he walked over the course. 
The same horse has also run the round courie at New- 
market (which is about 400 yards leas than 4 miles) in 
minutes and 40 seconds. 
Pennant, Brit. Zoology, The Horse. 
The King was at Ascot every day ; he generally rode on 
the course, and the ladies came in carriages. 
Qremi.lt, Memoirs, June 4, 1820. 
Hence 4. The space of distance or time, or 
the succession of stages, through which any- 
thing passes or has to pass in its continued 
progress from first to last ; the period or path 
of progression from beginning to end: as, the 
course of a planet, or of a human life. 
A man so various that he seemed to be 
Not one, but all mankind's epitome ; 
Stiff in opinions, always in the wrong, 
Was everything by turns, and nothing long ; 
But in the courite of one revolving moon 
Was chymfst, fiddler, statesman, and buffoon. 
Dryden, Abs. and Achit., I. 649. 
There are many men in this country who, in the cuurne 
of ten years, have married as many as twenty, thirty, or 
more wives. K. W. Lane, Modern Egyptians, I. 229. 
Through the long course of centuries during which time 
was reckoned in Olympiads, the triumphs of war . . . 
were forever supplying the motive and the material for 
new dedications at Olympia, most of which were in the 
form of statues of Zeus and other deities. 
C. T. ffejfton, Art and Archwol., p. 326. 
6. The line or direction of motion; the line in 
which anything moves : as, the course of a pro- 
jectile through the air; specifically (naut.), the 
direction in which a snip is steered in making 
her way from point to point during a voyage ; 
the point of the compass on which a ship sails. 
When referred to the true meridian, it is called the true 
course ; when to the position of the magnetic needle by 
which the ship is steered, It Is catted the compos* course. 
6. In *rt'., a line run with a compass or tran- 
sit. 7. The continual or gradual advance or 
progress of anything; the series of phases of 
a process; the whole succession of characters 
which anything progressive assumes: as, the 
course of an argument or a debate; the course 
of a disease. 
The coune of true love never did run smooth. 
Skat., M. N. D., L 1. 
Time rolls his ceaseless course. Scott, L. of the L., ill. 1. 
The course of this world is anything but even and uni- 
form. Stubbs, Medieval and .Modem Hist., p. 18. 
8. In tilting, a charge or career of the contes- 
tants in the lists ; a bout or round in a tourna- 
ment ; hence, a round at anything, as in a race ; 
a bout or set-to. 
And Agrauadain brake his spcre on Segramours hair 
berke at the same court. Merlin (E. E. T. 8.X UL 668. 
The bull is brought to the bailiff's house In Tutbury, and 
there collared and roped, and so conveyed to the bull-ring 
In the Hii. r h streei, where he is baited with dogs ; the first 
count? allotted for the kin*:, the second for the honour of 
the town, and the third for the king of the minstrels. 
Strvlt, Sport* and Pastimes, p. 374. 
On the 14th day of May they engage to meet at a place 
appointed by the king, armed with the "harm-is there- 
unto accustomed, to kejK- the flelde, and to run with every 
commer eight courses." 
Bruit, s 1K >rts and Pastimes, p. 458. 
9. Order ; sequence ; rotation ; succession of one 
to another in office, property, dignity, duty, etc. 
course 
When and how this emlum of sinking by eourMcamt up 
in the chureh it is not eertaiuly known. 
ll..nkrr, Kccles. Polity, r. S>. 
He (Holomon] appointed . . . the count* of the priests. 
2 Chron. vill. 14. 
They . . . wente out with a uett they had bought, to 
take bass & such like fish, by courie, every company km, 
Ing their tunic. Bradford, Plymouth Plantation, p. 137. 
10. Methodical or regulated motion or pro- 
cedure; customary or probable sequence of 
events; recurrence of events according to cer- 
tain laws. 
I lay and night. 
Heed time and harvest, heat and hoary frost, 
Shall bold their courie. Malm, P. L., il. 900. 
The guilt thereof [sin ] and punishment to all, 
By course of nature and of law, doth pan. 
Kir J. Daviet, Immortal, of Soul, rill. 
Or as the man whom she doth now advance, 
Upon her gracious mercy -seat to sit, 
Doth common things of course and circumstance 
To the reports of common men commit. 
Sir J. Darift, Nosce Telpsum 
11. A round or succession of prescribed acts 
or procedures intended to bring about a par- 
ticular result : as, a course of medical treatment ; 
a course of training. 
My Lord continues still In a Courie of Physic at Dr. 
Napier's. llowell. Letters, I. v. 19. 
12. A series or succession in a specified or 
systematized order ; in schools and colleges, a 
prescribed order and succession of lectures or 
studies, or the lectures or studies themselves ; 
curriculum : as, a course of lectures in chemis- 
try, or of study in law. 
A course of teaming and ingenious studies. 
Shot., T. of the 8., i. 1. 
13. A line of procedure ; method; way; man- 
ner of proceeding ; measure : as, it will be 
necessary to try another course with him. 
Now see the court howe thai (beesj goo to and froo. 
Palladium, Husboudrie (E. E. T. 8.), p. 147. 
If she did not consent to send her Son (the Duke of 
York], he doubted some sharper Courir would lie speedily 
taken. Baker, Chronicles, p. 222. 
They refuse to doe It (pay], till they see shiping pro- 
vided, or a roar*.- taken for it. 
John Robinson, quoted ill Bradford's Plymouth 
(Plantation, p. 48. 
14. A line of conduct or behavior ; way of life ; 
personal behavior or conduct : usually in the 
plural, implying reprehensible conduct. 
I am grieved it should lie said he Is my brother, and take 
these courses. B. Jonson, Every Man in ills Humour, il. 1. 
And because it is impossible to defend their [sinners'] 
extravagant couritet by Reason, the only way left for them 
is to make Satyrical Invectives against Reason. 
Stiilingjtcel, .Sermons, IL III. 
You held your course without remorse. 
Tennyson, Lady Clara Vere de Vere. 
15. That part of a meal which is served at 
once and separately, with its accompaniments, 
whether consisting of one dish or of several : 
as, a course of fish; a course of game; a dinner 
of four courses. 
They . . . com in to the halle as Kay hadde sette the 
flrste court be-fore the kynge Arthur. 
Merlin (E. E. T. 8.), iii. 019. 
16. A row, round, or layer. Specifically - (a) in 
building, a continuous range of stones or bricks of the same 
height throughout the face or faces, or any smaller archi- 
tectural division of a building. 
Betweene euery course of bricks thepe lleth a coune of 
mattes made of canes. llakluyt's yoyaget, II. 209. 
The lower courses of the grand wall, composed of huge 
blocks of gray conglomerate limestone, still remain. 
//'. Taylor, Lands of the Saracen, p. 74. 
(b) In cutlers' wnrlr, each stage of grinding or polishing on 
the cutler's lap or wheel, (c) In mini n<i, a lode or vein. 
They (veins of lead | often meet, and frequently form at 
such points of intersection courses of ore. 
Un, Wet, in. 271. 
(it) Each series of teeth or burs along the whole length of 
a file. The first cutting forms a series of sharp ridges 
called the first courie ; the second cutting, across these 
ridges, forms a series of teeth called the second course. 
17. In musical instruments, a set of strings 
tuned in unison. They are so arranged as to 
be struck one or more at a time, according to 
the fullness of tone desired. 18. If out., one 
of the sails bent to a ship's lower yards: as, 
the mainsail, called the main course, the fore- 
sail or fore course, and the cross-jack or mi^rn 
course. See cut under sail. 
The men on the topsail yards came down the lifts to the 
yard-anus of the courie*. 
R. B. Dana, Jr., Before the Mast, p. 204. 
The fore course wss given to her. which helped her a 
little ; but . . . she hardly held her own against the sea. 
Jt. H. Dana, Jr., Before the Mast, p. 2S5. 
19. /'I. The menstrual flux; catamenia. 20. 
In coursing, a single chase ; the chase of a hare, 
as by greyhounds. 
