crank 
crank 1 ' (krangk,, t'. i. [Perhaps in part imita- 
tive (cf. crack, creak), but appar. associated 
witli crank'*, with allusion to the creaking of 
a crank or windlass.] To creak, lln/lun-ll. 
[North. Eng.] 
crank" (kningk), . [< crank , r.] 1. A creak- 
ing, as of an ungreased wheel. 2. Figurative- 
ly, something inharmonious. 
When wanting thce, what tuneless crank* 
Are my poor verses. llurnn. 
[Scotch in both senses.] 
crank-axle (krangk'ak'sl), 11. 1 . An axle which 
bends downward between the wheels for the 
purpose of lowering the bed of a wagon. 2. 
In locomotives with inside cylinders, the driv- 
ing-axle. 
crank-bird (krangk'b6rd),w. [(.crank 1 + bird 1 .] 
The European lesser spotted woodpecker, Picas 
minor. 
crank -brace ( krangk'bras), n. The usual form 
of carpenters' brace, which has a bent shank by 
which it is rotated. E. H. Knight. 
cranked (kraugkt), a. [< mint 1 + -ed 2 .] Hav- 
ing a bend or crank : as, a 
cranked axle. - Cranked tool, a 
turners' cutting tool, the shank of 
which, near the cutting end, in In-nt 
downward, and then again outward 
toward the work. The rest, a, pre- 
vents the tool from slipping away 
from the work. Cranked Tool. 
crank-hatches (krangk'hach'- 
ez), n. pi. Hatches on the deck of a steam- 
vessel raised to a proper elevation for covering 
the cranks of the engines. 
crank-hook (kraugk'huk), n. In a turning- 
lathe, the rod connecting the treadle and the 
crankiness (kraug'ki-nes). n. The state or 
quality of being cranky, in any sense of the 
word. 
There is no better ballast for keeping the mind steady 
on its keel, and saving It from all risks of erantinta, than 
business. Lowell, Among my Books, 1st ser., p. 236. 
crankle't (krang'kl), v. [Freq. of cranfc 1 , v. 
Cf . crinkle.] I. intrans. To bend, wind, or turn, 
as a stream. 
Serpcggiare, . . . to go winding or cranHing in and out. 
Florin. 
Meander, who is said so Intricate to be, 
Hath not so many turns nor crankling nooks as she [the 
river Wye). Drayton, Polyolbion, vli. 198. 
II. trans. To break into bends, turns, or an- 
gles; crinkle. 
Old Vaga's stream, 
Forc'd by the sudden shock, her wonted track 
Forsook, and drew her humid train aslope, 
Cranklinij her banks. J. Philips, Cider, i. 
crankle't (krang'kl), n. [< crankle^, v.] Abend 
or turn; a crinkle ; an angular prominence. 
crankle- (krang'kl), a. [Cf. crank 3 , a., crank*, 
a., andcrawfcy 2 .] Weak; shattered. Halliicell. 
[North. Eng.] 
crankness (krangk'nes), n. The state of being 
crank, in any of its senses. 
crankous (krang'kus), a. [< crank 1 , crooked, 
distorted (or crank 3 ), + -ous.] Irritated ; irri- 
table ; cranky. [Scotch.] 
crank-pin (krangk'piu), a. A pin connecting 
the ends of a double crank, or projecting from 
the end of a single crank. In either case it 
serves for the attachment of a pitman or con- 
necting-rod. E. H. Knight. 
crank-plane (krangk'plan), n. 1. A plane the 
bed or tool-stock of which is moved by a crank 
and pitman. It is used for metals. 2. A spe- 
cial machine for planing engine-cranks. 
crank-shaft (krangk'shaft), n. A shaft turned 
by a crank. 
crank-sided (krangk' si 'ded), a. Same as 
crank-wheel (krangk'hwel), n. In mach., a 
wheel having near the periphery* wrist or pin 
for the end of a connecting-rod which imparts 
motion to the wheel, or receives motion from 
it ; a disk-crank. 
cranky 1 (krang'ki). . [< crank'*, n., + -y 1 .] 1. 
Having cranks or turns ; checkered. [North. 
Eng.] 2. [With ref. to ran/.-', >,., '2, 3, and 
with allusion also to crank 3 , n., 2.] Full of 
cranks ; full of whims and crotchets ; having 
the characteristics of a crank. 
U illiam tin n delivered that the law of Patent was a 
cruel wronir. . . . I said, U illiam Butcher. are yniirranJkyl 
You are sometimes enmity." William said, " No, John, 1 
tell you the truth. 
Hirken*. \ 1'oor Man's Tale of a I'atent. 
1 Mould like some lietter sort of weleolne in the evening 
than \i hat a ei-iuikit old brute of a hut-keeper ean wive me. 
//. Kintmiey, (ieottry llamlyn. \xvii 
1333 
cranky 2 (krang'ki), a. [< crank 3 + -y 1 . Cf. 
cranky 1 , cranky 3 , rnniky*.] Sickly; ailing. 
Grose. [Prov. Eng.] 
cranky 3 (krang'ki), a. [< crank* + -y 1 .] 1. 
\aiit., liable to be overset: same as crank*, 1. 
sitting iii the inidille of a cranky hirch-hark canoe, on 
the Kestlgouche, with an Indian at the !M>W and another 
at the stem. .V. Xiehutat, XIII. 745. 
2. In a shaky or loose condition ; rickety. 
The machine, being a little crankier, rattles more, and 
the performer is called on for a more visible exertion. 
Lowell, study Wlndowi, p. 131. 
cranky 4 (krang'ki), n. [<eranfc6 + -yl.] Merry; 
cheerful : same as crank 6 . 
cranky 5 (krang'ki), . ; pi. crankies (-kiz). [Ori- 
gin uncertain.] A pitman. [North. Eng.] 
crannied (kran'id),o. [< crannyl + -erf 2 .] Hav- 
ing crevices, chinks, or fissures. 
Flower In the crannied wall, 
I pluck you out of the crannies. 
Tennyton, Flower in the Crannied Wall. 
crannog (kran'og), n. [Ir. crannog = Gael. 
crannay, a pulpit, crosstrees of a ship, round 
top of a mast, etc., < Ir. and Gael, crann, a tree, 
a mast: see crane 2 .] An ancient lake-dwell- 
ing in Ireland. Such dwellings were sometimes built 
entirely of stone or wood, but more usually of a combina- 
tion of stones and piles. Some, however, were made of 
hasketwork and sod, and some stood on platforms like 
the Swiss lake-dwellings. They were Invariably roundish 
or irregularly oval in form, and were built in lakes and 
morasses. In these crannogs are found articles of various 
kinds, from the rudest flint implements to highly finished 
ornaments of gold. Also crannoye. 
crannuibh, n. [Ir., < crann, a tree.] Inrcn<roJ., 
a form of Celtic javelin to which a long thong 
was attached, that it might be drawn back after 
being hurled. 
cranny 1 (kran'i), n. ; pi. crannies (-iz). [Early 
mod. E. crannie, cranie, < ME. crany, appar. a 
dim. of *cran, < OF. cran, cren, mod. F. cran 
(Walloon cren), m., OF. also crene, erenne, f., = 
It. dial, cran, m., crena, f., a notch (cf. OHO. 
chrinna, MHG. krinne, G. dial, krinne = LG. 
learn, a notch, groove, crevice, cranny, appar. 
not an orig. Teut. word) ; prob. < L. crena, a 
notch, found in classical L. only once, in a 
doubtful passage in Pliny, but frequent in lat- 
er glossaries : see crena, crenate, and cf. cornel, 
crenel, crenelle, from the same ult. source.] Any 
small narrow opening, fissure, crevice, or chink, 
as in a wall, a rock, a tree, etc. 
We neede not seeke some secret cranie, we see an open 
gate. Purchat, Pilgrimage, p. 28. 
In a firm building, the cavities ought to be filled with 
brick or stone, fitted to the cranniex. Dryden. 
He peeped into every cranny. Arbuthiutt, John Bull. 
Their old hut was like a rabbit-pen : there was a tow- 
head to every crack and cranny. 
H. B. Stom, Oldtown, p. 109. 
Wall-weed sweet, 
Kissing the cranniet that are split with heat 
Swinburne, St. Dorothy. 
cranny 1 (kran'i), r. i. ; pret. and pp. crannied, 
ppr.crannying. [< cranny 1 , n.] 1. To become 
intersected with or penetrated by crannies, 
clefts, or crevices. 
The ground did cranny everywhere, 
And Tight did pierce the hell. A. Goitling. 
2. To enter by crannies ; haunt crannies. 
All teilantless, save by the crannying wind. 
Huron, Chlide 'Harold, ill. 47. 
cranny 2 (krau'i), a. [Appar. a var. of canny 
or cranky*.] Pleasant ; brisk ; jovial. [Local.] 
cranny 3 (kran'i), w. ; pi. cranniex (-iz). [Origin 
uncertain.] A tool for forming the necks of 
glass bottles. E. B. Knight. 
cranock (kran'ok), . [Also, as W., crynng, < 
W. crynog, an 8-bushel measure.] A Welsh 
measure for lime, equal to 10 or 12 Winchester 
bushels. 
cranreuch (kran'ruch), n. [Also written cran- 
reugh, crandruch, crainroch, derived by Jamie- 
son from Gael, "cranntarach, hoar frost, but 
the nearest Gael, word for 'hoar frost ' appears 
to be crith-reodhadh, < crith, tremble, shake, + 
i-imlhadh, freezing, < reodh, freeze.] Hoar frost. 
[Scotch.] 
And infant frosts tiegin to bite, 
In hoary cranrfuch drest. 
Burnt, Jolly Beggars. 
crantara (krau'ta-ra), w. [Repr. Gael, cninn- 
tara, -taraidh, also called croistara, -taraidli, 
lit. the beam or cross of reproach, < crann, a 
beam, shaft, etc. (see crane 2 , crannog), or croia, 
cross (see cross 1 ), + fair, reproach, disgrace.] 
The fiery cross which in old times formed the 
rallying-symbol in the Highland.s of Scotland 
on any sudden emergency: so called because 
neglect of the symbol implied infamy. 
crape 
crantst (krants), w. [Early mod. E. also co- 
i-'iin'i-; prob. taken from Scaiid.orD.: Icel.kram 
= 8w. krana = l)ini. I. rand* = 1). kranlK, ATOMS, 
< (\.kranz, Mile. ( H H ;. l.raia, a garland. Vari- 
ous emendations have been proposed by differ- 
ent editors. Cf. cranee.] A garland carried 
before the bier of a maiden and hung over her 
grave. 
But that great command o'eraways the order, 
she should ill ground unsanctitled have lodgd 
Till the last trumpet ; for charitable prayers, 
Shards, Hint*, and pebbles should be thrown on her, 
\ et here is she allow 'd her virgin cran/*, 
Her maidi M Htrewments, ami the bringing home 
Of bell and burial. fikak., Hamlet, v. 1 (Ifuarto, lion 
crany (kra'ni), n. [< ML. M.. cranium: see 
cranium.] The skull; the cranium. Sir T. 
Browne. [Kare.] 
cranyt (kra'ni), r. t. [Appar. < crany, n.] To 
cause to give a dull, hollow sound. 
The laxness of that membrane [the tympaneum] will 
certainly dead and crany the sound. 
,. Elements of Speech. 
crap 1 (krap), n. [A dial, form of crop, in its 
several senses.] 1. The highest part or top of 
anything. [Scotch.] 2. The crop or craw of 
a fowl : used ludicrously for a man's stomach. 
[Scotch.] 
He has a crap for a' corn. Kaintay't Scotch I'roverb*. 
3. A crop of grain. [Scotch and western U. 8.] 
crap 1 (krap), t'. i. ; pret. and pp. crapped, ppr. 
crapping. [< crapi, n.] To raise a crop. [West- 
ern U. S.] 
crap 2 (krap), n. [< ME. crajipe, also in pi. 
crappes, crappys, craps, chaff; in some cases 
of uncertain meaning, perhaps buckwheat ; cf . 
ML. crappa!, pi., also crapinum, OF. crapiH, 
chaff ; perhaps < OD. krappen, cut off, pluck 
off: see cro, t'. and .] 1. Darnel. [Prov. 
Eng.] 2. Buckwheat. [Prov. Eng.] 
crapaudine 1 (krap'a-din), n. [F. crapaudine, 
an ulcer on the coronet of a horse, a grating, 
valve, socket, sole, step, also (lit.) a loadstone, 
< crapatul, a toad; origin uncertain.] In far- 
riery, an ulcer on the coronet of a horse's 
hoof. 
crapaudine 2 (krap'a-din), n. [F. crapaurfine, 
a socket, sole, step, etc. : see crapaudine 1 .] In 
in-fli.. turning on pivots at the top and bottom : 
said of doors. 
crape (krap), . [The same word as F. crepe, 
recently borrowed (in 18th century), but 
spelled (perhaps first in trade use) after E. 
analogies, = D. krep, krip = G. krepp = Dan. 
krep = Pg. crepe, < F. crepe, formerly crespe, 
crape, a silk tissue curled into minute wrinkles, 
< OF. crespe, curled, frizzled, crisped, < L. ens- 
pus, crisp : see crisp, a. and n.] 1 . A thin, semi- 
transparent stuff made of silk, finely crinkled or 
crisped, either irregularly or in long, nearly par- 
allel ridges. It is made white, black, and also colored. 
The black has a peculiarly somber appearance, from it 
rough surface without gloss, and U hence considered es- 
pecially appropriate for mourning dress. Japanese crape 
u in general of the character above described, but 1s often 
printed in bright colors, and Is sometimes used for rich 
dresses. 
A saint in crape. Is twice a saint in lawn. 
Pope, Moral Essays, i. 136. 
When in the darkness over me, 
The four-handed mole shall scrape, 
Plant thon no dusky cypress-tree, 
Nor wreathe thy cap with doleful crape. 
Tennyton, To - , ill. 
2t. One dressed in mourning; a hired mourner; 
a mute. 
We cannot contemplate the magnificence of the Cathe- 
dral without reflecting on the abject condition of those 
tattered craven said to ply here for occasional burials or 
sermons witn the same regularity as the happier drudges 
who salute us with the cry of " coach !" 
'.'. Civilian, quoted In N. and Q.. 7th ser, V. 196. 
Australian crape, a French goods made of cotton and 
wool In imitation of crape. >.'. //. Kni : M. Bird's-eye 
crape, a thin material made for East Indian markets. 
Canton crape, China crape, material manufactured in 
the same way as common crape, but heavier, much more 
glossy, and smoother to the touch. The corded threads 
have a peculiar twisted, knotty appearance, which is said 
to be produced by twisting two yarns together in the re- 
verse way. It is used especially for shawls, which are 
often enil.roidered with the needle. Victoria crape, a 
cotton rrape imitating crape made of silk. 
crape (krap), r. f. ; pret. and pp. craped, ppr. 
craping. [< F. creper, crisp, curl : see crape, ., 
and cf. crisp, r.] 1. To curl ; form into ring- 
lets ; crimp, crinkle, or frizzle : as, to crape the 
hair. 
The hour advanced on the Wednesdays and Saturdays 
is for curling and craping the hair, which it now requires 
twice aweek. Mine. D'Arblay, Diary, 111 
2. To cover or drape with crape. 
