crest 
Sin- *t'HH| ii|Nin th- ca-tlr w;ill. . . . 
Shi wiitrh'il IH\ c,r>f inimim thrin all, . . . 
She saw me ti^ht. >h<- hcai.i m.- rull. 
/'. ,um-"ii, l'.all;il of Orinim. 
(6) In her., a part of an nrlii<-\ nirnl imnit- tititftiik' cif ami 
above the escutcheon, Tlu-n- an- simirtiinett two crests, 
\\ huh ill'' ii.i in- nn I]'. 
\\ hrti tin- crest is not specially 
mriiti'.iH'-t its i MirruiiiK from a 
rnnmi-t, rhapraii, l the like, it 
in iut.Hi.im-i. to In- I... nn' upon a 
wivath. A crest IK m>i pniprrh 
.K,rin> hy it \v. .man, or hy u city 
or other corponitt? i-"l\ . as ft in 
always asHiitni,'<l to IK- the orna- 
ment worn iijn ni the helmet. 
The crpxt \n u raised arm. hoM 
inn, in a threatening attitude, a 
draw M satire. 
Stunner, True Grandeur of 
[ Nations. 
WJHw foamy, feather-llke top of 
The towering crest of the tides 
Plunged <>ii the vessel. /'. >iu.i/i, The Wreck. 
(>/) The highest part nr summit of a hilt or mountain 
range. (") In fort., the top line of a slope. (/)InarcA., 
any ornamental nnishlng of stun.', term e,,tia, metal, or 
woo,l, whirli surmounts a wall, roof-ridge, screen, canopy, 
or other similar part of a I m i 1. 1 i n v; whether a battlement, 
open carved work, or other enrichment ; the c.ipini: on the 
parapet of a medieval ImiMiim; a cresting (which see). 
The name is also sometimes given to the tlnials of gables 
and pinnacles. (ij) In unut,. specifically, a ridye on a 
twne : as, the occipital crenl ; the frontal crest ; the tlliial 
crest. .See phrases below, and criitta. (A) In zoitl., any 
elongate elevation occupying the highest part of a surface. 
.Specifically (1) A longitudinal central elevation, with an 
irregular or tiibereulose summit, on the prothoraxof an in- 
sect, especially of a grasshopper. (2) A longitudinal ele- 
vated ttift of hairs or scales on the head, thorax, or abdom- 
inal segments of a lepidopterous insect, (t) In '>'. : (1) 
An elevated line, rtdge, or lamina on the surface or at the 
summit of an organ, especially if resembling the crest of 
a helmet. (2) An appendage to the upper surface of the 
leaves of certain Hepatica*, which in different genera has 
the form of a wing, a fold, or a pouch. 
3. The rising part or the ridge of the neck of 
a horse or a dog. 
Throwing 'the base thong from his bending civ./. 
l,\. Venus ami Adonis, 1. 39f>. 
1347 
The entted cock, who*e clarion sounds 
The silent noun. .HI//...I, I 1 . L., rll. MS. 
The bold outline of the nelghlx>ring hills errant with 
Cotliir ruins. 'H<>u; lly|x-rinii, i. ;.. 
2. In her., wearing a comb, as a cock, or a nat- 
ural crest of feathers, as any bird having one. 
3. In inmt. and -</'/., cristate : hiiving a cen- 
tral longitudinal elevation: sai<l especially of 
the |>r<>thraxof an insect. Chapournet crested. 
' /> i.nit i u' t. 
crestfallen (krest'fa'ln), a. [That is, having 
the crest fallen, as a defeated cock.] 1. De- 
jected; bowed; chagrined; dispirited; spirit- 
less. 
As crest-fallen as a dried pear. Shall., M. W. of W., Iv. 5. 
Being newly come to this Town of Middleburgh, which 
is much crfit./alle since the staple of KnglUh cloth was 
removed hence. lloicelt. Letters, I. 1. 11. 
2. In the manage, having the upper part of the 
neck hanging to one side: said of a horse. 
cresting (kres'ting), n. [< crest + -n#l.] In 
arc/i., an orna- 
mental finish to 
a wall or ridge ; 
a crest, as the 
range of crest- 
tiles of an edi- 
fice. 
crestlessfkrest'- 
les), a. [< crest, 
., + -less.'] 
Without a crest, 
4. Figuratively, pride; high spirit; courage; 
daring. 
This is his uncle's teaching, . . . 
Which makes him prune himself, and bristle up 
The crest of youth against your dignity. 
Skak., 1 Hen. IV., 1. 1. 
Auditory crest. See auditory. Dicrotic wave or 
crest. See dicrolic. Frontal crest, (a) In anal., a 
median longitudinal grooved ridge on the cerebral sur- 
face of the frontal bone, which lodges a part of the superior 
longitudinal sinus, and whose lips give attachment to the 
falx cerebri. ( M In ornith., a crest of feathers rising from 
the front or forehead. Such crests are among the most 
elegant which birds possess. The cedar-bird or Carolina 
waxwhur and the cardinal red-bird exhibit such crests. 
They are often recurved, as In the plumed quail of the 
genus Au/iAiir/1/.r. Iliac crest, the crest of the ilium. 
See crista Hit, under crista. Lacrymal crest, a verti- 
cal ridge of bone on the orbital surface of the lacrymal, 
dividing it into two parts. Nasal crest, a ridge on the 
nasal tone by which it articulates with its fellow anil 
with the nasal spine of the frontal and perpendicular 
plate of the ethmoid l>one. Occipital crest, (a) A ver- 
tical median ridge on the outer surface of the occipital 
bone, from the inioti or occipital protuberance to the fora- 
men. A em-responding ridge on the inner surface of the 
bone is the internal iH'<-if>i.tal crest. (b) A transverse ridge 
on the hinder ]>art of the skull of some animals, separat- 
ing the in-eipital portion from the parietal or vertieal |or- 
tion. (c) In ornith., a tuft of feathers growing from the 
hlndhead. Parietal, interparietal, or sagittal crest, 
a median lengthwise ridu'e i,n (tie surface of the skull, ex- 
tending from the occipital < Test (l>) for a varying distance 
forward. It is often very pr.nnlnent, as when the tem- 
poral fossa.- of opjwsite sides extend to the midline of the 
skull. Its total absence marks the skull of man and >omr 
other animals whose vertex is expansive or inflated. 
Pubic crest, the cristn pubis (which see, under mfo). 
Tlblal crest, the crista tibipe (which see. uin!,': . >-i*tl 
Turblnated crest, a continuous ridge along the nasal 
surfaces of the supramaxillary and palate hones, for the ar- 
ticulation of the inferior ttirbinal Ixme, or maxilloturbinal. 
crest (krest), r. [Early mod. E. also crcast; < 
ME. ercxteu; < crest, .] I. trtiux. 1. To furnish 
with a crest ; serve as a crest for ; surmount as 
a crest. 
His rear'd arm 
Crested the world. Shak., A. and C., v. 2. 
' Hid groves of clouds that crt'st, the mountain's brow. 
H',J, >/*'/"!//'. 
2. To mark with waving linos like the plumes 
of a helmet; adorn as with a plume or crest . 
Like as the shining skie. in summers night, . . . 
Iterraslfil all with lines of lirie light. 
.S>-H.T. K. (}., IV. 1. 13. 
II. iii/i-ii HX. To reach, as a wave, the highest 
point; culiiiiiiiite. 
The wave which carried Kant'- philosophy to its great, <( 
height created at bis i enteimial ill Issl. and will now fall 
d'HMl I" ili proper level. .V.-ir /Vi'/l,v(.,/l /{,!., I. 'J7. 
crested (kres'ted). u. [< <></ + -/</*-.] 1. 
Wearing or having a crest; adorned with a 
crest or plume: as, a, rrrxt<-il helmet. 
Cresting. Buttress of Notre Dame. Di- 
111 nnv QAnoo nf j n - f 3 th century. (From Vktllet-le-Duc's 
in any Sense Ot /r D !ct del-Architecture.") 
that word; not 
dignified with coat-armor ; not of an eminent 
family; of low birth. 
His grandfather was Lionel, Duke of Clarence. . . . 
Spring cresttfits yeomen from so deep a root? 
Shot.. 1 Hen. VI., II. 4. 
crestolatry (kres-tol'a-tri), H. [< crest + Gr. 
Xarpn'o, worship: after idolatry, etc.] Liter- 
ally, worship of crests as signs of rank or 
station; hence, snobbishness; toadyism; tuft- 
hunting. 
crest-tile (krest'til), . One of the tiles cover- 
ing the ridge 
of a build- 
ing, sometimes 
formed with a 
range of orna- 
ments rising 
above it. 
cresyl (kre'sil), 
. [< cre(o)- 
s(ote) + -yl.] 
In i-li' in., a 
Crest-tiles.-TenipleofAtheM.^Kina. ra i d > C * 1 ( C 7 H 7> 
which cannot 
be isolated, but which exists in a group of com- 
pounds of the aromatic series. 
cresylic (kre-sil'ik), a. [< cresyl + -ic.] Of or 
CresvllC add. Same as ere- 
pertaining to cresyl 
lol. CresyllC alcohol, or 
. 
. , hiiriratf of cresyl, C'7H K O, a 
colorless liquid occurring in coal-tar creosote and in the 
tar of tir wood. It Is homologous with phenyl hydrate 
(l',iH,,(>). 
cretaceal(kre-ta'se-al),a. Cretaceous. [Rare.] 
cretaceous (kre-tS'shius), . and n. [< L. cre- 
taceus, chalky,'< ereta, chalk, > It. creta = Sp. 
Pg. greda (Pg. also ere) = F. crate (> ult. E. 
crayon) = OHG. cridd, MHG. Icride, G. kreide 
= i). Ary t = MLG. krite, LG. krit = Icel. krit = 
8w. krita = Dan. kriilt, chalk. The L. freta is 
said to signify lit. 'Cretan' (earth), from Creta, 
Crete, Candia; but this is doubtful.] I. a. 1. 
Chalky, (n) Having the qualities of chalk : like chalk ; 
resembling chalk In appearance ; of the color of chalk. 
('>) Abounding with chalk. 
2. Found in chalk ; found in strata of the cre- 
taceous group Cretaceous group, In neat., the 
group of strata lying between the Jurassic and the Ter- 
tiary : so called from the fact that one of its most important 
menitwn in northwestern Europe is a thick mass of white 
chalk. (SeerArt/J:.) This formation is of great importance 
in Iwth Europe and America, on account of the wide area 
which it covers and its richness ill organic remains. 
II. . [<"/] I" ficol., the cretaceous group. 
cretaceously (kri'-ta'shius-li), adv. In the man- 
ner of chalk; as chalk. 
Cretan (kre'tan), a. and . [< L. Crrtanus, usu- 
ally tWtmti*, ftttO Cretirus and Cretams, adj., of 
ciitn, Gr. Kpf/ni, Crete.] I. a. Of or pertain- 
ing to the island of Crete or to its inhabitants. 
Cretan carrot, see ran (.(.-Cretan lace, a name 
iiiven to an old lace made commonly of colored material. 
whether silk or linen, ami sometime* emliioidcred with 
the needle after tile laee \va.s compU le. 
II. . 1. A native or an inhabitant of the 
island of Crete, south of Greece, pertaining to 
Turkey since 1669; specifically, a member of 
crevMM 
the indigenous Grecian population of Crete. In 
the New Testament the form t'rrtun<>t oi-ciu-, 
(Tit. i. 12). 2. The name of an ancient soph- 
ism. A Cretan Is supposed to nay that Cretan. alwa> - 1 i. , 
which leads to the conclusion that lie must be 1> in- * hen 
he lay* to. The accusation being thus i. :m. i i! 
niony of Cretans may be HC, , |,i, ,1 and in particular that 
of this Cretan. For another variation, see Imr. 
cretated (kri'ta-ted), a. [< L. cri'tntv*, < creta, 
eh.-ilk: see cretaceous.] Rubbed with (-.hulk. 
crSte (krat), n. [F., a crest: >ei> <i; .-/.] In 
fort. : (n) The crest of the glacis or parapet of 
the covered way. (6) The interior crest of a 
redotilit. See I'liimiict. 
cretefaction (kre-te-fak'shon), n. The forma- 
tion of or conversion into chalk, as tubercles 
into cretaceous concretions. Dungluon. 
Cretic (kre'tik), a. and n. [< I.. i'n In -UK (sc. 
jics = E. foot), < Gr. /cpj/mof (sc. jroif = E./oof). 
a Cretan foot: see Cretan.] I. . Cretan: spe- 
cifically (without a capital letter) applied to a 
form of verse. See II. 
Trochaic verse . . . had three beat* to the measure, 
dactylic four beat*, crrtic live beat*, Ionic six beat*. 
Trani. Amer. PhUol. Ant., XVI. TO. 
U. M. [/. c.] In anc. pro*.: (a) A foot of three 
syllables, the first and third of which are long, 
while the second is short, the ictus or metri- 
cal stress resting either on the first or on the 
last syllable (-* ~ or ~ *). The cretic has a 
magnitude of flve time* or monc. each long being equiva- 
lent to two shorts. It Is accordingly pentasemlc. The 
word glu'ri-fi may serve a* an English example of a cretic. 
Also, but less frequently, called an amphimacer. (/,) /, 
Verses consisting of amphimacers. 
Creticism (kre'ti-sizm), n. [< Cretic, Cretan, 
+ -ism.] A falsehood; a Cretism. 
cretify (kre'ti-fi), r. i. ; pret. and pp. fretified, 
ppr. cretifyiny. [< L. creta, chalk, + -ficare, < 
facers, make: see cretaceous and -fy.] To be- 
come impregnated with salts of lime. 
cretin (kre'tm), n. [< K. cretin, a word of ob- 
scure origin, prob. Swiss; by some identified 
ult. with F. Chretien = E. Christian, used, like 
E. innocent and simple, of a person of feeble 
mind.] One of a numerous class of deformed 
idiots found in certain valleys of the Alps and 
elsewhere ; one afflicted with cretinism. 
The large deformed head, the low stature, the sickly 
countenance, the coarse and prominent lipe and eyelids, 
the wrinkled and pendulous skin, the loose and flabby 
muscles, are the physkal characters belonging to the cre- 
tin. CHC. o/ Practical Mrtticitu. 
cretinism (kro'tin-izm), H. [< F. rretinisme, < 
cretin + -/<.] In pathol., a condition of im- 
perfect mental development or idiocy, with a 
corresponding lack of physical development, or 
deformity, arising from endemic causes, found 
among the inhabitants of the valleys of Swit- 
zerland and Savoy, and elsewhere. 
cretinogenetic (kre'ti-no-je-net'ik), a. [As 
cretin -r genetic.] Giving rise to cretinism. 
[Rare.] 
Cretism (kre'tizm), n. [< Gr. Kprrria/i6(, lying, 
< Kprrri^eiv, speak like a Cretan, i. e., lie, < 
Kpi/c. (Kpr/r-), a Cretan.] A falsehood; a lie: 
from the fact that the inhabitants of Crete were 
in ancient times reputed to be so much given 
to mendacity that Cretan and liar were con- 
sidered synonymous terms. 
cretonne "(kre-t on'), . [F., originally a strong 
white fabric of hempen warp and linen weft : 
named from the first maker.] A cotton cloth 
with various textures of surface, printed on one 
side with patterns, usually in colors, and used 
for curtains, covering furniture, etc. it is cus- 
tomary to denote by this term stuffs that have an mi 
glazed surface. Compare cAintel. 
cretose (kre'tos), a. [< L. cretosus, < creta, 
chalk: see cretaceous.] Chalky. 
creutzer, . See kreutzer. 
creuz (kre), . [F., a hollow (= Pr. eras; ML. 
crosMm, crotiim), < creui, adj., hollow, = Pr. 
crus, hollow; origin uncertain.] In sculp., the 
reverse of relief; intaglio. To engrave en creux 
is to cut below the surface. 
crevacet, An old form of crevice 1 . 
crevasse (kre-vas'), n. [P.: see crevice' 1 .] 1. 
A fissure or crack : a term used by English writ- 
ers in describing glaciers, to designate a rent 
or fissure in the ice, which may be of greater or 
less depth, and from an inch or two to many feet 
in width. 2. In the United Stntes. In-each 
in the embankment or levee of a river, occa- 
sioned by the pressure of water, as in the lower 
Mississippi. 
A eirwuMr- U commonly the result of the levee > id.liim 
to the pressure of the river's waters, heaped up ajtainst 
it often to the lieiKht of ten or fifteen feet above the level 
of the land. '.'. IT. Cotfe, Creole* of Louisiana, xxxv. 
