cross-lode 
aiming themselves. I if these two sets the less important 
and productive would l,e callcil I 1 
CrOSS-lOOp (krosMdp), n. In multi-nil furl., a 
L368 
crosstree 
flrt dorial la behind the ventral*, niul the anal rlnae to the 
caudal; III,' mial eavitie.. are eoidlnenl llli 111, in,, Mill 
H" peeie ate inhabitant^ of tin- western I'acinc and 
loophole cut in the form of a cross, so as to give ' '"I" ' 1; '"> Australian seat. 
free range both horizontally and vertically to Crossorhininae i kros o-ri-m net. .,./. (M... 
an archer or arbiilisler. ' rossorlniiiix + -IIKI: ] Sam, as <'r,,xx<,rliiiiiilii: 
cross-loophole <>-" Kip "hoi), . Same as Orossorhinus (kros-o-ri'nus), [XL.. < (Jr. 
Kfmanin, binge. + ,iii->/, a shark. ] A genus of 
sharks with fringed lips, representing, in so 
a.-n.s.s ally 
crow-loop, 
crossly (kros'li), inlr. 1. 
Inteneoi lomething else. 
Athuart ; so as to 
i . i i i 11 i i <'.i.^"i 11 f ii 1 1 in . 
^ _,.,,, , "*Jf5*,32i I SSaS ^ossover (kr6s;a'v*r), n .,Jn ,;,,,,-,, 
2. Adversely; in opposition ; contrarily. 
Thy friends aru tied to wait upon tin i 
And i'riW/ to thy good all fortune goes. 
Shale., Hli-h. II., ii. 4 
3. Peevishly ; fretfully. 
to show the grain; a drawing of the 
lion of a ship. 
Low water widths are only known wh, ie Hi, .nua-iec- 
IWH and range hav, , :n ..,i. 
fkrryiand AU,n, i:.-]i. ,,n Miss. Kivcr. 
cross-set (krds'set), a. Directed 
line or course ; running across. 
A erott-tet current bore them from the track. J. Binllir. 
systems of classification, a'special family, the cross-shed t kros'shed), . The upper shed ,,f 
I'rnxxnrliiHiiltf. ugau/e-loom. I'.. II. ki<n,/,t. 
rossover (kros'o ver), ii. In rtilint-printiH,/, a cr0 ss-sill (kros'sil). . In' railroads, a block of 
superimposedcolormtheformof stripes, bands, 8t one or wood laid tat the support of a sleeper 
or cross-bars. when broken stone is used as filling or ballast. 
Printed as a crumvcrr, it darkens the indigo win-re it crOSS-SOUier, . See crags-Summer, 
all. but the yellow shade uf the colon,- gij. ; , a grccni,h cross-spale (krds'spal), n. Same as cross-pairl. 
"' ""'' n - '- cross-spall, M. See cross-pawl. 
cross-multiplication '(kros'mul-ti-pli-ka'- c ^ 8p ^Ji 1 , ( ; r< | S ' 1 " i '' 1 ' ) ' "' A " iU - ImtllriMl l' er - cross-spider (kros'spi'der), .' A name of the 
shim), n. See Hiiilti/ilii-ntiini. 
crossness (kros'nes), n. 1. Traimverseness 
intefKection. 
Lord IVtcrsham, with liis hose and legs twisted to every 
[Mbit Of fTOWMO. H'tll/mlr, U'tters. II. ttl. 
2. Peevishness; fretfulnvss ; ill 
verseness. 
son. [Colloq.] 
Cruufpatfh, draw the latch, 
Sit hy the lire anil spin. .Vnr,. , 
I'm hut a OHM iail'-li ;it best, and imw it'a like as If I 
was no good to nobody. Mn. (iatMl, Sylvia's Lovers, nxvl. 
cross-pawl, cross-spall (kros'pal, -spal), . In 
sliiii-i-nrp., oue of the horizontal pieces of tim- 
ber used to brace the frame of a ship during 
She will .Mi; if he wo her. rather than she will 'hate one construction. Also rrnxx-xniili' 
" ri """ "' '" T ' """""'' ' k*. Much Ado, IL 3. crosspiece (kros'pes) 1 In general a piece 
of material of. an v kuid placed or fastened across 
Crossopinaa (kros-o-pi'ne), n. i>l. [NL.,< Crox- 
ruipim + -inai.~\ A subfamily of aquatic shrews, 
of the family Noriritlte, containing the genem 
Crossopus, fi'eosortjc, and Ncctogals. They are 
known us ir<il< r-shri-ws, oared shrews, &ndfriii</< - 
fouled xlirrm. Properly Crossoi>o(Un<e. 
Crossopterygia(kro-sop-te-rij'i-a), ii.pl. [NL.] 
1. In Cope's early system of classification, a 
subclass of fishes. Their technical characters are: a 
hyoinamlilmlar IKHIC articulated with the cranium; 
, >!><! vui.u- bones well developed; a single ccratohyal; no 
! 1\ !, elements ; and limbs having the derivative radii of 
the primary snifs on the extremity of the basal pieces, 
anything else. 2. Xaut.: (a) A rail of timber 
extending over the windlass of a ship, furnished 
with pins with which to fasten the rigging, as 
occasion requires. (6) A piece of timber bolted 
across two bits, for the purpose of fastening 
ropes. In this sense also cross-bit. 3. In anat., 
the great white transverse commissure of the 
brain; the corpus callosum, or trabs cerebri. 
Kceciirpus. 4. A small cross-guard of a sword 
or dagger, hardly large enough to protect the 
hand, as in most Roman swords. Hewitt. 5t. 
Slime as ri-nx/Hi/i-li. 
whii ! i are in the pectoral tin the metapterygium, mesop- cross-piled (kros'pild), . Piled crosswise, 
anal, pectoral, and ventral basilar 
l. An op- 
British garden-spider, or diadem-spi- 
der. I-:/HIIII 
iliinli nut : so 
called from 
the colored 
cross on top 
of the abdo- 
men. 
cross-spine 
(kros spin), 
M. A dwarf 
leguminous 
shrub of Por- 
tugal, . S'fttYJ- 
mnthuxapliyl- 
/.-. with 
handsome 
flowers : so 
called from 
its thorns, 
which are 
branched in 
the form of a 
cross. 
cross-springer (kros'spring'er), H. In groined 
vaulting, a rib which extends diagonally from 
one pier to another, across the vault; an arc 
Clou-spider 
mis and each articulating with a single ele- 
ment, if any, and the actinosts numerous in the 
pectorals and ventrals. It Includes, as orders, the 
Clfulittia, Ha/ititiiii. and Taxittui. The polypterids (C(a- 
distia) are the only livinj; representative*. 
3. [1. c.] Plural of crossojiten/i/iuni. 
crossopterygian (kro-sop-te-rij'i-an), a. and >i. 
[As OrOtfOpmwia + -a.] "I. ."ln ichth., be- 
longing to or of the nature of the Crossopteryght 
or Crossopterygidw ; pertaining to the Crossop- 
terygia. Also oroMOf)Mfy04oiM. 
It is a remarkalile circumstance that, while the Dipnoi 
cross-purpose (kros 'per 'pus), n. . c 
posing or counter purpose; a conflicting inteu- cross-staff (krds'staf), n. 
tipn or plan ; a plan or course of action run- f ormer i y uge a to take thf 
mng counter to the plan or course of action 
purposed by another: most frequently in the 
plural: as, they are pursuing cross-purposes. 
To allow 1 K-I ictlt of clergy, and to restrain the press, seems 
to have something of ci-oKn-jfUrpone in it. 
present . . . a transition between the piscine and the am- ernss-nnartprs 
phibian types of structure, the spinal column and the CTO S 
limbs should be not only piscine, but more nearly related 
- 
to those of the most ancient Cntiotdpt^'fyifian Ganoids than 
1. An instrument 
formerly used to take the altitude of the sun 
or stars. It was superseded by the quadrant. 
Also called forc-xtaff. 
At noon our captain made observation' by ihecrow-gtaff, 
and found we were in forty-seven degrees thirty -seven min- 
utes north latitude. H'm/Arop, Ili-t. New England, 1. 11. 
2. pi. A sort of conversational game ; a game 2. In sun\, an instrument consisting of a staff 
,..< , .,,! .r .. carrying a brass circle divided into four equal 
parts or quadrants by two lines intersecting 
each other at the center. At the extremity of each 
line |H r]K n,lieiilar sights are fixed, with holes below eai-h 
slit for the better discovery of distant objects. It is used 
for taking offsets. 
3. Same as crozier, 1 Bishop's cross-staff See 
' >tnf, under tlaf. 
of words or phrases used at random. At cross- 
purposes, pursuing plans or courses of action tending to 
interfere with each other, though intended for the same 
end ; unintentionally antagonizing each other : said of 
s'kwar'terz), n. In arch., 
an ornament of tracery resembling the four 
_... petals of a cruciform flower ; a quatrefoil. v , lm ., ,. ,,,. 
fishes. Huxley, Auat, Vert,, p. 148. cross-question (kros'kwes'chon), r. t. Toques- cross-stitch (krds'stich), n. In needlework, a 
II. n. One of the Crossopterygia. tion minutely or repeatedly; put the same ques- stitch of the form X. It consists of two stitches 
Crossopterygidae (kro-sop-te-rij'i-de), n. pi. tious to in varied forms; cross-examine. of the same length, the one crossing the other 
r HL.,<OrvMOpiwy0M + -i<la\ ] A suborderof ga- They were so narrowly sifted, so craftily examined, and i n the middle. 
noid fossil and recent fishes, so called from the cro*-'iuf>iii<mnl by the Jewish magistrates. 
fin-rays of the paired fins being arranged so as KUlinybect, Sermons, p. 127. 
to form a fringe round a central lobe, it includes cross-reference (krds'ref'er ; ens), w. A refer- 
cross-stone (kros'ston), n. 1. Chiastolite. 
2. A name of the minerals staurolite and har- 
motome, both of which often occur in com- 
the greater number , if the i >id Red sandstone fishes, while ence in a book to another title, phrase, or pas- pound or twin crystals having more or less the 
^.'!! v!i'''l:.^'".', 9 / '"(';'.''"'"*''.:!!' ! ;'' bt '!" l l'. 1 . 1 ? . t " u it ' i , llh wt * sage in it for further treatment or elucidation 
braces dipnoans as well us true crossopterygians. See cut 
under //.i/i"ifi'Ai'*. 
Orossopterygii (kro-sop-te-rij'i-i), n.pl. [NL., 
pi. of cronxi>iit<-i -iinnin : see crossopterygioiis.] 
Same as ('i-nxxn/itn-iiiiiH. 
crpssopterygious (kro-sop-te-rii'i-ua), o. [< 
NL. enttoptetygtiu, < Gr. itpoaaoi, tassels, fringe, 
+ -Tv'/ii'f (itTei>)-) or irrepliyinv, a wing, fin.] 
Same as an^opterygion. 
crossopterygium ('k'ro-sop-te-rij'i-um), n.; pi. 
crossoptiTijijia (-ii). [NL., n'eut. of crossoptery- 
iiiiis: see erottopterygioua.] A form of pecto- 
ral or ventral fins, haviuga median jointed stem, 
beset bifarioiislv \\iili series of jointed rays. 
Crossopus (kros'o-pus), H. [NL.(Wagler,1832), 
< Gr. Kpoaaoi, tassels, a fringe, + ffoif (jro<5-) = 
K. /<io/.] A genus of old-world fringe-footed 
aquatic shrews, with the feet not webbed, 30 
teeth, and a long tail with a fringe or crest of 
hairs. The best-known species is t'. _/<//<.*. 
the water-shrew or oared shrew of Europe. 
crossprhinid (kros-o-rin'id), . A selachian of 
the familv ' 'i i 'i.niirliiiti<l<r. 
Crossorhinidae (kros-o-rin'i-de), n. pi. [NL., 
< OoMorMtMw + -iiln:] A family of anarthrous 
sharks, represented bv the ^einis t'roxsurliiiittx. 
The licad and front of the i,,l\ are depressed; the mouth 
is nearly teriiiinul ; the teeth are long and slender; the 
, subject. 
shape of a cross. 
cross-summer (krds'sum'er), H. A cross-beam. 
cross-road (kros'rod), >i. 1. A road that crosses BMMMMr. A\tt crogti-somer. 
from one main road to another; a by-road. cross-tail (krds'tal), n. In a back-action steam- 
2. A road that crosses another, especially a engine, the crosspiece which connects the side- 
main road, or oue of two or more roads that bars at the opposite end from the cross-head. 
cross each other. 3. pi. Two or more roads so The connecting-rod in such engines reaches 
crossing ; the point where they intersect, cross- from the cross-tail to the crank. Cross-tall gud- 
roads (or a cram-road*, the word in this sense Iwing often geon, binge. Sec the nouns. 
railroad, a timber 
opposite rails as a sup- 
_________ .......... ite.l suites (some- P ort an(1 prevent them from 
limes attributively) will) an implication of provincialism spreading; a tie or sleeper. 
cross-tining (kros'ti'niug), M. 
I refer to jour old ei.nipani.ins of the crow-nxid* and the In (lari.. a mode of harrnwiii" 
If. -W. Jtotrr, -New Timothy, p. ,7.1 crO8 s W i s ' e , or iu a direction 
cross-row (kros'rd), H. Tho alphabet. See 
rlirixtcroxit-niir. 
roads (or a cnM-r(i</<. the ord in this sense Iwing often geon, hinge See the nouns, 
used as a singular) often form the nucleus of a village. CTOSS-tie (krds'ti) n In a ] 
having a general store, a blacksmiths shop, etc., and he :,, ,,lo,,L.] "'i" -t 
ing a resort or stopping, pi ace for the rani filiation. or " Pf**" under opposit 
Heine the term is often used in the I'nited sutes (some- I 10 " anf l 'o prevent them tro 
He hearkens after proplieeies and ,h, 
And from the crow-row plucks the letter C 
Shak., Rich. Ill . i. I. 
cross-ruff (kros'ruf "), n. In whist, a double 
ruff ; a see-saw (which see). 
cross-section (krds'sek'shon), . A section of 
something made l>y a plaiie passed through it 
at right angles to one of its axes, especially to 
or in 
across the ridges, 
crosstree (kros'tre), n. Kant., 
one of the horizontal pieces of 
timber or metal, supported by 
the cheeks and trestletrees, at 
the upper ends of the lower 
masts in fore-and-aft rigged 
vessels, and at the topmast- 
heads of square-rigged vessels. 
Hn-ir use is to extend the topmast- nr 
its longest axis: a piece of some body cut or toWllnt-rigging, and to 
sliced ,,|V in a, tired ion perpendicular to an axis ! 
of the body: as, a cross-section of a tree cut out 
_ _, afford 
landing-place for -, amen. They are 
let into the llesllell, es, and lmlU.il 
to them. 
A. A. Ci 
