crummy 
ennnb of bread is; not crusty: as, ft crumnn/ 
lOftf. 
crump't (knimp), ". [< MK. "crump, crumb, 
crniiiiic, crooked, < AS. (duly in glosses) cru>n/i, 
cninih. crooked (with verbal noun cri/mliinii, M 
bending), = OS. ' krumh = OFrics. l:rumh = I). 
krom = 0111.. clinimli. MII(i./.THi/ (also (t| Hi. 
.MIKf. krumpf), (!. kntmm = Dan. kriini, ci'ook- 
ed, = Sw. l.'rinii, compassing (<(. led. l.-niinmn, 
a crooked hand, kruiiimi. a name for the raven, 
erookhcakO; i normal form crumb (mod. 
jiron. kruin), but with iieeom. termination, as 
if related to E. cramp (= OIK1. clirinnph). 
(rooked, and crimp (= MIIU. krimpf), crooked, 
being appar. from the pp. (as cramp 1 from the 
pret. and crimp from the present) of the verb 
represented by crimp: see crimp, and cf. also 
/rump, criimli 1 . Prob. ukin to W. crom, crwm, 
bending, concave, = Corn. Ir. Gael, crom, crook- 
ed, bent. Hence cronu , a hook: 806 crome 1 .] 
Crooked; bent. 
All tint*.- steep Mountaines, whose hiyh horned tops 
Tin- misty cloak of wainlrinu' Clouds enwraps, 
Vrnlcr Kirst Waters their <-,-iu/it> shoulders hid, 
And nil the Earth as a dull Pond abid. 
s,iiiv*trr, tr. of DH Bartas's Weeks, I. 3. 
Crooked backs and crump shoulders. 
Art if. Handsomeness, p. 44. 
CTUmp't (krump), . [< crump 1 , a.] A deformed 
or crooked person. Danes. 
That ptc.ee of deformity ! that monster ! that crump! 
Vanbrugh, .Ksop, ii. 
crump 1 (krump), v. i. [< ME. "crumpen, crom- 
pi'ii, as in def. 3; otherwise not found in ME., 
except as in freq. crumple, and perhaps crum- 
pet, q. v. ; < crufMijl, a. Hence freq. crumple. 
Cf. crimp, r., and crampl, r.] If. To bend; 
crook. 
But your clarissimn, old round-hack, he 
Will crump you [dative of reference] like a hog-louse, with 
the touch. B. Jonson, Volpone, v. 1. 
2. To be out of temper. [Prov. Eng.] 3f. To 
become perverted or corrupt. 
And the cause wns they vsed the unlefulle synne of 
leeherye, the which stinklthe and crompithe vnto heueue, 
and niistornithe the ordre of nature. 
Honk of the Knight of La Tour Landrif, p. 71. 
crump 2 (krump), n. [A var. of cramp 2 , after 
crump' 1 , n. and r.] The cramp. [Prov. Eng.] 
crump 3 (krump), r. i. [Sc., imitative like the 
equiv. crunch. Cf. clump 2 .] To make a crunch- 
ing noise, as in eating what is hard and brittle ; 
emit a creaking sound, as snow when crushed 
under the feet ; crunch. 
crump 3 (krump), a. [E. dial, and Sc. Cf. crup 1 
and crumpet.} Brittle; crusty; dry-baked; 
crisp. 
crumpet (knua'pet), n. [Perhaps < ME. crom- 
l>iil (i. e., "crumped), a hard cake, appar. orig. 
a ' roll,' pp. of "crumpen, E. crump, bend. 
Otherwise referred to crump 3 , brittle, crisp. 
Prob. not connected with W. crempog, also 
crcmpogcn, and cremog, cremogcn, a pancake, a 
fritter; cf. W. cramnucyth, in same sense.] A 
sort of tea-cake, less light and spongy than the 
n MI ili 1 1. and usually toasted for eating. 
Muffins and <vi//;i/>crw . . . will also bake in a frying- 
pan, taking care the tin- ia not too tierce, and turniim 
them when lightly browned: 
IT. Kitchener. Cook's Oracle, p. 45(i. 
crumple (krum'pl), r. ; pret. and pp. criimplid, 
ppr. cnini/ilini/. [< ME. crumplen, crnmplcu, 
make crooked; freq. from crump 1 , but mixed 
in sense with the related crimnle and <~riiiii>-' 
see crump 1 , crimp, crimple.] I, trans. 1. To 
make crooked; deform; distort into curves. 
[Obsolete or archaic.] 
<iod hud sent on him n wrake, 
That in the palsye lie (tan schake 
And was ,-i;,i/if,t/l,le and crokyd therto. 
Le Bone Florenct (Mctr. limn., ed. Ritson, III. 1977). 
This is the cow with the crumpled horn. 
Nursery rime. 
The little cnt>nitcil loy appeared to be cured of his de- 
formity; he walked errct, the hump had fallen from his 
back. S. JuM, Margaret, i. 14. 
2. To draw or press into irregular folds ; rum- 
ple; wrinkle. 
Plague on him. how he has erumplert our hands! 
.Wu.i'ii.i(. r niul l-'iflil. Fatal Howry, iv. 1. 
M> friend Sir linger alighted from his horse, and cv 
posing his palm to to or three dial stiinl by liini, they 
,'ruintJe,! it into all shapes, and diliiientlj sranin il \. r\ 
wrinkle- that eoiilil lie made in it. 
.li/if/Wi, Spectator. No. 1:10. 
The crust of the earth, o n> f>/,',l anil tissiired. has been. 
so to speak, perforated and cemented together by molten 
matter driven lip from below. 
Utikir, Geol. Sketches, il. 36. 
1375 
II. intraiiK. To contract into wrinkles; 
shrink ; shrivel. 
It |ai|Ua-vitn>] keepith the shines from shnnkiir-'. Tin 
veins from rri/i/i/'/' Holin>t;l, Ireland, ii. 
How much the muslin Muttered and rrtniij'lfl Iwfore 
lllennor and another nymph were duly seated ! 
'/>'>//";*-, The \\arden. i\. 
crumple (krum'pl), . [< crumple, r.] That 
which is crumpled, shriveled, or pressed into 
wrinkles; an irregular fold or wrinkle. 
Crumi&'H or anticlinal rolls, which are so frequently 
found in extensive l.a-in- >V/. n'-,-. VI. 184. 
crumpler (krum'pler). n. A cravat. [Colloq.] 
The lit of his cntmpler and the crease of his breeches. 
/(. /'. lilaclrin<,rc. l.orna l)oone, iii 
crumpling (krum'pling), . [< crumple, shrink, 
shrivel, + dim. -ing.] A degenerate or shriv- 
eled apple. Johnson. 
crumply (krum'pli), n. [< crumple, ., + -y*.] 
Full of crumples or wrinkles. 
Clumpy (krum'pi), a. [< crump 3 + -y'.] Easi- 
ly broken ; brittle ; crisp ; crump. [Prov. Eng.] 
crunch (kruneh), v. [Also in var. forms crauiich. 
cranch, scrunch, xcranch : see these fonns, and 
also crump 3 ; all appar. orig. imitative.] I, 
trans. To crush with the teeth; chew with vio- 
lence and noise : as, to crunch a biscuit ; hence, 
to crush or grind violently and audibly in any 
other way. 
A sound of heavy wheels crunching a stony road. 
Charlotte Bronte, Shirley, 11. 14. 
Our wheels went crunching the gravel 
Of the oak-darkened avenue. 
Lmcell, An Emlwr Picture. 
II. intrans. 1. To chew. 2. To act or pro- 
ceed with a sound of crushing or crackling; 
produce a noise as from crunching anything. 
The ship crunched through the Ice. Kane. 
crunch (kruneh), n. [< crunch, r.] The act of 
crunching; the act of penetrating, forcing a 
passage through, or pressing against anything 
with a crushing noise. 
What so frightfully old as we ourselves, who can. If we 
choose, hold in our memories every syllable of recorded 
time, from the first crttnch of Eve's teeth in the apple? 
Lowell, Fireside Travels, p. 13. 
crime (kron), r. Another spelling of croon. 
crunkt (krungk), r. . [= Icel. kriinka, croak 
as a raven, < krunk, a croak. Cf . cronk, the note 
of wild geese. Imitative words.] To cry like 
a crane. 
The crane erunkelh, emit grus. 
Withals, Diet. (ed. 1608), p. 20. 
crunkle ' (krung'kl). c. t. ; pret. and pp. crunkled, 
ppr. crunkling. [Var. of crinkle. Cf. crumple.'] 
To rumple ; crinkle or wrinkle. [Prov. Eng.] 
crunkle-t (krung'kl), v. i. [Freq. of crunk.] To 
cry like a crane, 
crunodal (kro'no-dal), a. [< 
cruinMle + -al.] Havingacru- 
node. 
crunode (kro'nod), 11. [Irreg. 
< L. crux (cruc-), cross, + no- 
dus = E. knot : see cross and 
iiiidc. Cf. acnodc.] A point 
at which a curve crosses itself ; a double point 
on a curve with two real tangents. 
cruor (kro'or), n. [L., blood, gore: see crude.] 
Gore ; coagulated blood, 
cruorin, cruorine (kro'o-rin), n. [< L. cruor, 
blood, + -id 2 , -inc 2 .] Tlie red coloring matter 
of blood-corpuscles. It exists in distinct particles or 
globules, ami may be obtained in the form of a brick-re. 1 
powder. Now called hemoglobin (which see). 
Previous to the introduction of spectrum analysis, red 
and purple cruorine were perfectly unknown. 
J. Sf. Lockyer. Spectroscope, p. 85. 
crup 1 (krup), a. [E. dial, (south.), prob. = 
crump 3 , brittle, with loss of the nasal.] 1. 
Short; brittle: as, "crup cake," Todd. 2. 
Snappish; testy: as, "a crup answer," Todd. 
[Prov. Eng. in both uses.] 
crup 2 (krup), n. [< F. croupe : see croup* and 
crupper."] Same as croup'*. 
crupper (krup'er). n. [< F. croupier e, < croupe, 
the buttocks of a horse: see croup 2 .] 1. The 
buttocks of a horse ; the rump. 
Both gaue strokes so sound, 
A made both hones cni;<jxr kisse the ground. 
Sir J. Harington, tr. of Ariosto'g Orlando Kurioso, xlvi. 100. 
2. A strap of leather which is buckled at one 
end to the back of a saddle, or to the saddle of 
a harness, and at the other passes by a loop 
under the horse's tail, to prevent the saddle 
from slipping forward. Also crouper. See cut 
under harm.--*-. 
Holding on for the dear life by the mane and the cruw- 
prr. Thackeray, Harry Lyndon, xvlii. 
f, Crunode. 
cms 
cropper (krup'er). r. t. [< cnippir. n.] To 
put a crupper on : as. to rrupprr a hor-,-. 
cruppin (krup'in). A dialectal (Scotch) vari- 
ant of crupcn, past participle of cm p. 
crura, . I'lural of crus. 
cruraeus (krO-re'us), n. [Nh., < L. crus (crur-), 
let;.J The principal and middle mass of mus- 
cle on the front of the thigh, forming a part of 
the great extensor of the leg, inseparable from 
the lateral portions of the same muscle called 
riixtii* intcrnus and rastux cxtrrnux. These three 
muscles, or parts of one muscle, arise from most of the 
front and sides of the femur; and their tendinous parU 
unite with the tendon nf the lectio feiimris to embrace 
the patella or knee-cap, and thence proceed, as the so- 
called liitaiiirntttiH patella, to Insertion in the tnU-rosity 
of the tibia. The cmraua anil the two vast! together com 
pose the muscle called tricciut extensor crurin , when ih. 
redns is included therewith, the whole is known a> the 
q ua>l riccpi eitennor criiri*. ITlc crancns proper of man Is 
also called mrilicrtirtrii*, when the two vast! are known as 
the eftracrurcru* and intracrurcnu respectively, and tin 
rectlis as the reeHcrunsiu. See these wonls ; also rfi- 
crurceuf, titbcrurirnn. 
crural (krS'ral), a. [= F. Sp. Pg. crural = It. 
cruralc, < L. cruralis, < crux (crur-), the leg.] 
1. Pertaining to the leg or hind limb: as, a 
crural artery or vein ; the anterior crural nerves ; 
the crural arch, or Poupart's ligament. 2. 
Pertaining to the leg proper, or cnis, as dis- 
tinguished from the thigh; cnemial; tibial. 
3. T?ertaining to the crura or peduncles of the 
brain. 4. Shaped like a leg or root crural 
arch, the ligament of the thigh. A!HO called inguinal 
arch, ligament o/ Poupart, etc.- Crural area. See 
area crtiralu, under area. Crural artery, the femoral 
artery. Crural canal, the passage through which a fem- 
oral hernia passes. It lies on the inner side of the iliac 
vein, between it ami the crural sheath, and extends from 
the crural ring to the upjwr part of the saphenous open- 
Ing. It is a quarter to a half inch In length. Crural 
hernia. .Same as femoral hernia (which see, under her- 
nia). Crural nerve, the largest branch of the lumbar 
plexus, formed chiefly from the third and fourth lumbar 
nerves, with a fasciculus from the second, In the substance 
of the psoas muscle, and dividing into a large leash of 
nerves which supply all the muscles of the front of the 
thigh, excepting the tensor vagimc femoris, and some 
other muscles, as the iliaciis and pectina?us, and also 
sending cutaneous nerves to the front and Inner side of 
the thigh and to the leg and foot. Crural pores, open- 
ings in the integument of the hind limbs of lizards, as In 
the genus Sccloporiut, which takes its name therefrom. 
They are situated in the femoral, not the crural, segment 
of the limb. Also called femoral pores. 
In the Saurii, the so-called crural jmret lead Into glands, 
which look like compound tubes, and which secrete cells 
which harden and till up the lumen of the glands. 
Gegenbaur, Comp. Anal, (trans.), p. 420. 
Crural ring, the upper opening of the crural .anal, lead- 
ing into the abdominal cavity. It Is hounded in front hy 
t'oupart's ligament and the deep crural arch, liehind by 
the pubes, internally by the deep crural arch, (iimbernat's 
ligament, and the conjoined tendon of the transversalis and 
internal oblique muscles, and externally by the femoral 
vein.- Crural septum, the layer of subpcrltoneal con- 
nective tissue which spans the crural ring in a normal 
state. Crural sheath, the sheath which Incloses the 
femoral vessels as they leave the abdomen. It ia a con- 
tinuation of the fascine lining the abdomen, and liecomes 
closely adherent to the femoral vessels about an inch he- 
low the saphenous opening ; but aliove it is larger, and 
contains some areolar tissue, and frequently a lymphatic 
gland. Crural vein, the femoral vein. Deep crural 
arch, a thickened band of libers arching over the tiegln- 
ning of the crural sheath. It arises from the middle of 
Poupart's ligament, and is inserted Into the iliopectineal 
line. 
CTQS (krus), n. ; pi. crura (kro'rtt). [L., the leg.] 
In ana (.and rod'?.: (a) The low- 
er leg ; the part of the hind 
limb between the knee and 
the ankle; the second seg- 
ment of the hind limb, corre- 
sponding to the forearm or 
antebrachium of the fore 
limb, represented by the 
length of the tibia or shin- 
bone. (6) Some part likened 
to a leg, as one of a pair of 
supporting parts; a pillar; a 
peduncle. 
Vacnole al>ont in the centre of 
each cnu, filled with moving gran- 
ules. 
H. C. Woal, Fresh- Water Algw, 
I p. 107. 
Crura cerebelli, the peduncles of 
the cerebellum. Crura cerebelli 
ad cerebrum, the superior pedun- 
cles of the cerebellum. Crura ce- 
rebelli ad corpora quadrlgemi- 
na. the superior peduncles of the 
cerebellum. Crura cerebelli ad 
medullam, the inferior peduncles 
of the cerebellum.- Crura cere- 
belli ad pontem, the middle IK- 
dllllcles of the cerebellum. CTUra 
fomicls, the posterior pillars of 
the fornix.- Crura of the dia- 
phragm, the richt and left tendi- 
nous attachments of the diaphragm 
bodies of lumbar vertebra, uniting I 
fat 
Front View of Bones of 
Right Human Crus. 
t. crest erf tibia : ttu. 
external tubcrosity of 
tibia : I'M, internal mal- 
leolus ; I'/M. internal tu- 
herosity of tibia : i. 
spine, and r, tubercle of 
tame:/, fibula : A. its 
head : rm. external mal- 
kolus. 
to the sides of the 
ibove to inclose the 
