cultured 
cultured (kul'tfml), . Having culture; refined. 
The sense of beauty in nature, even among i'iim( peo- 
1394 
h'alcnn and culver, on each tower, 
Stood prompt their -kadlyWHo shower. ^ ^ ^ 
cumber 
culvertailed (kul'ver-tald), <i. United or 
fastened, as pieces of timber, by a dovetail 
' 
The sense of beauty in nature, even among m( jieo- Scott, L. of L. M., iv. 17. ; oint; dovetailed: used by shipwrights, 
pie, is less often met with than other mental endowments. , fl (kul'ver-dung), n. The droppings culvertshipt, . [MK. L;,lr<-rt*chipc ; < culcc-rft 
i ' it' ' of pigeons + -ship.] Falsehood; wickedness. 
CUlture-fluid (kul'tur-flo"ld),. A fluid 9- cul ^ foo t ( kul ' ver -fut),n. [< culver* + foot.] Efte r the like time thet ure Louerd thermide bn.nlite 
,,,q,,, m . O f crane ' s -bill Geranium columbinum, so to grunde his [the devil's] kointe tulttrrl^-hi^' \ his 
i of which are cleft like a bird's foot, prude strencthe. Anenn, Jlude, p. 204. 
medium. A species o 
Diluting the cl( ttu-/M containing the ranou* ispecieB th / leaves ^ _ 
to a very large extent wit 'md Discise i' -'7 culver-hOUSCt (kul'ver-hous), n. [< ME. cul- culverwort (kul'ver-wert), n. [< culver* 
ver- coleer-hous ; < culver* + house.] A dove- wort*.] The columbine, Aqmlri/ta nili/ans: so 
cultureless (kul'tur-les), . Without culture; ^ _" Mme ^ from the resemb i auce of its flowers to 
uncultured. Under thi colver hous in alle the brede 
culture-medium (kul'tur-me'di-um), n. A suD- Makc me wes tweyne. 
stance, solid or fluid, in which bacteria or other Palladius, Husbondrie (E. E. T. S.), p. 21. 
microscopic organisms are cultivated. Among cu ly er in (kul'ver-in), n. [< OF. couleuvrine, 
^a^"Tdm\ U ^y n m^^a(S\egeSe'mi&.ueei, colouvrine, F. couleuvrine, 
sugar-solution, orange-juice, boiled potatoes, gelatin, and cuiverin, ( 
gelatin-like preparations of algre, as agar-agar. cuiverin, lit. a serpent 
culture-oven (kul'tur-uv'n), n. A small warm- coluber, a serpent : see Coluber 
named from the resemblance 
the heads of little pigeons around a dish. See 
cut under columbine. 
culy, n. See kuli. 
v. An obsolete spelling of come. 
genus of rhachiglossate pectinibranchiate gas- 
ed'chamber, kept at a uniform temperature, in o f the cannon, (a) Loosely, any small gun : especially fropods, of the "family Murieidie. Humphrey 
so used in the earliest days of artillery (() In the six- 7Q . g A genus of crustaceans, of the family 
ttS&VSSZttJtt&Z 1 <**to, also g giving name to a group Cumacea. 
pounders of later times. It is also mentioned as throw- Also Cyma. 
ing a shot of 15 pounds' weight. In the seventeenth cen- Qumacea (ku-ma'se-ii), n. pi. [NL., < Cuma + 
tury the name was retained for this i piece though much -i A 'group 'of thoracostracous crasta- 
which certain bacterial cultures are made. See 
culture, 3 (a). 
culture-tube (kul'tur-tub), . A tube in which 
bacteria, etc., are cultivated. 
CUlturist (kul'tur-ist), n. [< culture + -ist.] 1. 
A cultivator ; "one who produces anything by 
Hurrah ! the foes are moving ! Hark to the mingled din 
Of fife and steed, and trump, and drum, and roaring cui- 
verin. Macaulay, Ivry. 
The Constable advanced with four pieces of heavy ar- 
tillery, four culverines, and four lighter pieces. 
Matley, Dutch Republic, I. 177. 
Bastard cuiverin, in the sixteenth century, a cannon 
smaller than the cuiverin, firing a projectile usually front 
culverineer (kuPver-in-er'), n. [< cuiverin + ciimacean (ku-ma'se-an), a. and n. I. a. Of or 
his'ideal-materiai kmT'seVflsVor unselfish andsinriVua'i -cer.] One who had charge of the loading and pertaining to the Cumacea. Also cumaceous. 
it lies mainly with culture to determine whether men firing of a cuiverin. II. n. A member of the Cumacea. 
Even as late as the 15th century a guild was founded CUmaceOUS (ku-ma'shius), a. Same as cuma- 
at Ghent composed of the culverineers, arquebusiers, and cean. 
gunners, in order to teach the 
The oyster industry is rapidly passing from the hands of 
the fisherman into those of the oyster culturi-st. 
Encyc. Brit., XVIII. 108. 
2. An advocate of the spread of culture or the 
education of the intellectual and esthetic pow- 
ers ; especially, one who regards culture in this 
sense rather than religion as the central element 
in civilization. 
The Culturisti . . . say that, since every man must have 
shall rest content with grosser aims or raise their thoughts 
igher ideals. Shairp, Culture and Religion, i. 
ceans, of which the type is the genus Cuma. 
The Cumacea resemble the arthrostracous Crustacea in 
having eyes without a movable stalk ; but they closely re- 
semble the Schizopotla in the form of the body, thus cor- 
responding with the lower developmental stages of the 
decapodous crustaceans. 
The Cumacea . . . are very remarkable forms allied to 
the Schizopoda and Nebalia on the one hand, ami on the 
other to the Edriophthalmia and Copepoda ; while they 
he burgesses the use of fire- Oumaean (ku-me'an), o. Of or pertaining to 
Encyc. Bnt., XI. 260. Cum(B) an ane i en f city on the coast of Campa- 
to the higlu 
cultus (kul'tus), n. [= G. Jcultus, etc., < L. 
cultus, care, culture, refinement : see cult.] 1. , .. . 
A system of religious belief and worship : same culverkey (kul'ver-ke), n. [Appar. < culver*, n j a> reputed the earliest of the Greek settle- 
as cult, 2. a dove, -f key, the husk containing the seed of ments in Italy Cumaean sibyl, one of the legen- 
liuddhism a missionary religion rather than an ances- an ash (or maple : see asll-key and maple-key) ; dary prophetic women whose authority in matters of 
tral "'<!! eagerly availed itself of the art of writing for ]j u t the connection of culver*, a dove, with the divination was acknowledged by the Romans. See nbyl. 
the propagation of its doctrines. ash-tree is not obvious. Columbine and culver*, cumarm (ku ma-rin), n. bame as coumarm. 
Jmac Taylor, The Alphabet, II. 343. ,,_ ot . , nrnh ^ ety mologically related cumbent (kum'bent), a. [< 
Pure ethics is not now formulated and concreted into a 
cultus, a fraternity with assemblings and holy-days, witli 
song and book, with brick and stone. 
Emerson, N. A. Rev., CXXVI. 417. 
2. The moral or esthetic state or condition of 
a particular time or place. 
cultus-cod (kul'tus-kod), n. [Said to be < Chi- 
nook cultus, worthless, of little value,+ E. corf 2 .] 
A chiroid fish, Ophiodon elongatus, of a length- 
however are (prob.) etymologically related cumbent (kum'bent), a. [<. L. *cuml>en(t-)s, 
(ult, < L. folumbus, a dove): see culver*.] 1. ppr. of "cumbere (only in comp. concumbere, 
A bunch of the pods of the ash-tree. 2f. A ineumbere, etc.), nasalized form of ettbart. lie 
down : see cubit, and cf. decumbent, incumbent, 
procumbent, recumbent.] Lying down; reclin- 
ing; recumbent. [Rare.] 
Cultus-cod (Ophiodon elongatus}. 
(From Report of U. S. Fish Commission, 1884.) 
meadow-flower, probably the bluebell, Scilla 
nutans. 
Looking down the meadows, [II could see, here a boy 
gathering lilies and lady-smocks, and there a girl cropping 
culvcrkcys and cowslips. 1. Walton, Complete Angler, xi. 
I'urple narcissus like tile morning rays, 
i'ale gander-grass, and azure culverkeyes. 
J. Dawn, quoted in I. Walton's Complete Angler, i. 
Culver's-physic (kul'verz-fiz'ik), n. [After a 
Dr. Culrer, who used it in his practice.] The 
popularname of Veronica (Leptandra) Virginica. 
The thick, blackish root lias a nauseous, bitter taste, act- 
ing as a violent emeto-cathartic, and has long been in use 
in medicine. 
Culver's-root (kul'verz-rot), n. Same as Cul- 
ver's-physic. 
culvert^ (kul'vert), n. [Appar. an accom., in 
At the fountaines are as many cumbent figures of mar- 
ble under very large niches of stone. 
Evelyn, Diary, Nov. 12, 1644. 
A handsome monument of Caen stone, being a cumbent 
ettlgy on an altar-tomb, was placed on the north side of 
the chancel [in Whalley church 1 in 1842. 
Baine.x, Hist. Lancashire, II. 7, note. 
cumber (kum'ber), v. t. [< ME. eumbren, com- 
brcn, < OF. combrer, hinder, obstruct, common- 
ly in comp. encombrer, F. encombrcr = Pr. en- 
combrar It. ing&mbrare, < ML. incumbrare, 
hinder, obstruct, encumber, < L. in- + ML. 
"cumbrus, combruy, obstruction, etc., < L. cumu- 
lus, a heap: see cumber, n., and cf. encumber, 
dorsal spines and rays. It reaches a length of from 
3 to 4 feet and a weight of from 80 to 40 pounds. It 
abounds along the Paciflc coast of the United States, and 
I/UIVCAU \^wi i**.fffv^. " > ius, :i neap: see vuntuui, tt., tiiu ui. nHmmwrj 
ened form, with a long pointed head and many imitation of covert, a covered place, of F. COM- o f w hi e h cumber, v., is in part an abbreviated 
louere, a channel, gutter, also a colander, < COM- form.] 1. To burden or obstruct with or as 
lei; run, drain : see CuBU*. colander.] An arched w jth a j oa( j or we jght, or any impediment ; load 
or flat-covered drain of brickwork or masonry 
SS^S^SS^^^'iiS^Sr^r ' '""' carried under a road, railroad, canal, etc., for 
culurt, . A Middle English form of color. the passage of water. 
-culus -cula, -culum. [L., m., f., neut., re- culvert 2 !, [ME.,alsoctoart, cuZtwd,< OF. 
spectively, of -eulus, a compound dim. term., culvert, cuilvert, cuivert, cuvert, convert, colvcrt, ground ? 
. _ _.J_____ _*_ _ J A J Ji f r.^. nlc.rt j)f\1Jnhnif1- e*f\1Hw*'+ ^ATT , />/l/7-J llfftll tl ft]flf\ tt T _ A ,,n*l. 
also collibert, colibert (ML. collibertus, also, af- 
ter F., ctdverta), low, servile, as noun a serf, 
vassal: see collibert.] False; villainous. 
consisting of -c, an adj. term, used as dim. (see 
-ic), + -ul-us, a dim. term. : see -ule, -el, -le, etc.] 
A diminutive termination in Latin words, some 
of which have entered English without change, 
as fasciculus, curriculum, opereulmn, opuscwlum, 
tenaculum, mnculum, etc., but which have usu- 
ally taken the form -cule, as in animalcule, reti- 
cule, etc., or more frequently -cle, as in article, 
auricle, particle, conventicle, versicle, ventricle, culvertage (kul'ver-taj), n. 
etc. See -cule, -cle. 
culver 1 (kul'ver), . [< ME. culver, colver, col- 
vere, colfre, culfre, < AS. culfre, culnfre, a dove, 
prob. a corruption of L. columba, a dove: see 
Columba 1 .] A dove; a pigeon. [Nowonlylocal.] 
Crye to Crist that he wolde bus coluere sende, 
The whichc is the holy goat that out of heuene descendede. 
Piers Plounnan (C), xviii. 246. 
The porter is culuert and felun. 
Kiny Horn (E. E. T. S.), p. 60. 
The king hede a stiward 
That was fel ant culvard. 
Chrmi. of Eng. (Ritson's Metr. Rom., II.), 1. 787. 
= _ [< OF. culvertage, 
ctivcriayc, couvertage (ML. culver tagium), < cul- 
vert, serf, vassal : see culvert' 2 .] In early Eng. 
law, the forfeiture by tenant or vassal of his 
holding and his position as a freeman, result- 
ing in a condition of servitude. 
Vnder paine of Culuertage and perpetuall servitude. 
Daniel, Hist. Eng., p. 116. 
excessively or uselessly; press upon; choke 
up ; clog. 
Behold, these three years I come seeking fruit on this 
flg tree, and find none : cutit down ; why cumberetti it the 
Luke xiii. 7. 
A variety of frivolous arguments cumbers the memory 
to no purpose. Locke. 
The fallen images 
Cumber the weedy courts. 
Bryant, Hymn to Death. 
The whole slope is cumbered by masses of rock. 
Tyndall, Forms of Water, p. 44. 
2. To be a clog to; hinder by obstruction; 
hamper in movement. 
Why asks he what avails him not in fight, 
And would but cumber and retard his Ilight? 
Dryden. 
3. To trouble ; perplex ; embarrass ; distract. 
For sif thou contest ajein Concience thou enmtrett thi- 
seluen, 
And so witnesseth godes word and holhvrit bathe. 
y/V/v /'linf'tiian (A), x. 91. 
Lyke as the Culver, on the bared bough, 
Sits mourning for the absence of her mate. 
Spetwer, Sonnets, Ixxxviii. 
Domestic fury, and tierce civil strife, 
Shall cumber all the parts "f Italy. 
fihnlf., J. C., 
In early times attendance at the posse comitatus was 
enforced by the penalty of culvertage, orturntail, viz., for- 
feiture of property and perpetual servitude. 
Encyc. Brit., VIII. 44. cumber (kum'ber), n. [This noun, though later 
[Short for cuiverin, per- culvertail (kul'ver-tal), n. [< culver 1 + tail 1 , than the verb in E., and derived from it, is in 
culver 2 (kul'ver), n. _._ 7r __ ,_ k . _. 
haps with reference to culver 1 , a dov$, as guns Cf. dorettiil.] In joinery and carp., a dovetail the other tongues the orig. of the verb, lor- 
were sometimes called by the names of birds; joint, as the fastening of a ship's carlings into merly also written camber; OF. combre, an ob- 
e. g., falcon andsaker.] Same as cuiverin. the beam. -' "~ ~* -i-.i ~* ;- - -: *~ .*i. 
struction of stakes, etc., in a river to catch 
