current 
coil of which the secondary or induced current is produced. F. COItrroic, a strap, = Pr. correja = Sf.COrrea 
Reverse current*, an electric current opposite in di- _ pg corrett, correia = Wall, curea = It. cor- 
rection to tlie normal current. =Syn. 1 and 2. hMy, etc. reaa ia < L_ cor rit/ia, a rein, shoe-tie, ML. also 
ent), v. t. [ 
or common ; establish in com- 
mon estimation ; render acceptable. 
The uneven scale, that currants all thinges by the out- 
warde stamp of opinion. 
Htmtim, Antonio and Mellida, Ind., p. '2. 
current' 2 *, . An obsolete spelling of currant?. 
current-breaker (kur'ent-bra"ker), n. Any de- 
vice for breaking or interrupting the continuity 
of a circuit through which a current of elec- 
tricity is passing. 
currente calamo (ku-ren'te kal'a-mo). [L., 
lit. with the pen running: currente, abl. of 
curren(t-), ppr., running; calamo, abl. of cala- 
mus, a reed, a pen: see current* and calamus.] 
Offhand; rapidly; with no stop; with a ready 
', a leather-dresser, < OF. conroier, i 
etc., F. corroyer, dress leather, curry 
(>E. curry*), orig. prepare, get ready; a word 
of quite different origin from the two preced- 
ing. Currier is now regarded as the agent-noun 
of curry*, q. v.] 1 . One who dresses and colors 
leather after it is tanned. 
Cokes, condlers, coriours of ledur. 
Destruction of Troy (E. E. T. S.), 1. 1596. 
Useless to the currier were their hides. 
Dryden, tr. of Virgil's Georgics, iii. 
2f. A very small musketoon with a swivel 
mounting. Farrow, Mil. Encyc Curriers' beam. 
Den- used of writing or composition. See "'.- Curriers' sumac. See Comma. 
CUrrentty^urVlW $n a current man- V". g3gffStg&+ 
birds. See quarrier 2 . 
The currier and the lime-rod are the death of the fowle. 
Breton, Fantastics, January. 
ner. (a) Flowingly; with even or flowing movement, (b) 
With currency ; commonly ; generally ; with general ac- 
ceptance. 
Direct equilibration is that process currently known as 
adaptation. //. Spencer, Prin. of Biol., 160. 
current-meter (kur'ent-me"ter), n. 1. An 
instrument or apparatus used for measuring 
the flow of liquids. In general, the flow is directed 
through channels of a given sectional area, and its veloci- 
ty measured ; from these two elements the quantity can 
be determined. 
2. An instrument for measuring the strength 
of an electrical current, as an ammeter. 
current-mill (kur'ent-mil), n. A mill of any 
kind employing a current-wheel as a motor. 
currentness (kur'ent-nes), 11. [Early mod. E. 
also currantncss; ? current* + -ness.] 1. Flow- 
inguess ; flowing quality ; rhythm. 
For wanting the currantnsssc of the Greeke and Latin 
feete, in stead thereof we make in th' ends of our verses 
a certaine tunable sound : which anon after witli another 
verse reasonably distant we accord together in the last 
fall or cadence. I'uttenham, Arte of Eng. Poesic, p. 90. 
2. Current or circulating quality; general ac- 
ceptance or valuation, as of coin or paper 
money; currency. 
Nunimariam rein constituere, Cicero. Introiluire or- 
donnance de la monnoye. To establish and set down an 
order for the valuation and eurrantnens of monie. 
Nomeiiclator, quoted in Nares's Glossary. 
current-regulator (kui-'eut-reg"u-la-tor), n. 
1. An arrangement for regulating the current 
of electricity given by a dynamo-electric ma- 
chine. 2. In tele;/., a, device for determining 
the intensity of the current allowed to pass a 
given point. 
current-wheel (kur'ent-hwel), n. A wheel 
driven by means of a natural current of water, 
as one attached to a moored boat and driven 
by the current of the stream. 
curricle (kur'i-kl), . [= It. curricolo, < L. 
curriculum, a running, a race, a course, a ra- 
cing chariot (in last sense dim. of currus, a 
chariot), < currere, run: see current*.] 1. A 
chaise or carriage with two wheels, drawn by 
two horses abreast. 
A very short trial convinced her that a curricle was the 
prettiest equipage in the world. 
Jane Austen, Northauger Abbey, p. 124. 
The splendid carriage of the wealthier guest, 
The ready chaise and driver smartly dress'd ; 
Whiskeys and gigs and curricles are there, 
And high-fed prancers, many a raw-boned pair. 
Crabbc. 
2f. A short course. 
Upon a curricle in this world depends a long course in 
the next, and upon a narrow scene here an endless expan- 
sion hereafter. Sir T. Browne, Christ. Mor., iii. 23. 
curricle (kur'i-kl), c. i. ; pret. and pp. curriclcd, 
ppr. curridiny. [< curricle, n.] To drive in a 
curricle. Carlylr. 
curriculum (ku-rik'u-lum), n.; pi. curricula 
(-la). [< L. curriculum, a running, a course : 
see curricle, n.] A course ; specifically, a fixed 
course of study in a university, college, or 
school : as, the curriculum of arts ; the medical 
curriculum. 
currie 1 , currie 2 , n. See curry*, curry?. 
currier 1 (kur'i-er), n. [(1) = Sc. corier, < ME. 
coriour, curiour, coryowre, < OF. coricr, carrier, < 
ML. coriaritm, a worker in leather, L. a tanner, 
currier, orig. adj., of or belonging to leather, 
< corium, a hide, skin, leather: see cuirass, cori- 
aceous, quarry^. This word has been confused 
in F. and E. with two other words of different 
origin: (2) OF. courroier (= It. coreggiajo; ML. 
corrigiarius), a maker of straps, girdles, or 
purses, < courroie, corroie, a strap, girdle, purse, 
cur riery (kur'i-er-i), w. [< currier + -y.~] 1. 
The trade of a currier. 2. The place in which 
currying is carried on. 
CUTrish (ker'ish), a. [< CUT + -*/!.] Like a 
cur; having the qualities of a cur; snappish; 
snarling ; churlish ; quarrelsome. 
Spenser, F. Q., VI. iii. 43. 
Let them not be so ... currish to their loyal louera. 
Lyly, Euphues, Anat. of Wit, p. 55. 
This currish Jew. Shak., M. of V., iv. 1. 
Thy currish spirit govern'd a wolf. Shak., M.of V., iv. 1. 
currishly (ker'ish-li), adv. In a currish man- 
ner; like a cur. 
Boner being restored againe, . . . currishly, without all 
order of law or honesty, . . . wrasted from them all the 
livings they had. Foxe, Book of Martyrs (Ridley). 
currishness (ker'ish-nes), n. Currish or snarl- 
ing character or disposition ; snappishiiess ; 
churlishness. 
Diogenes, though he had wit, by his currishness got him 
the name of dog. Fcltham, Resolves, ii. 69. 
currort, currourt, [Early mod. E. also cour- 
currycomb 
Thou art that tine foolish curious sawric Alexander, 
that tendest to nothing but to combe and curii thy huire, 
to pare thy nailes, to piek thy teeth and to perfume thy 
selfe with sweet oyles, that no man may abide the sent of 
thee. 1'uttenhaw, Arte. of Eng. Poesie(ed. Arber), p. 273. 
Your short horse is soon curried. 
Fletcher, Valentininn, ii. 2. 
Hence 2. To stroke as if to soothe; flatter. 
Christ wot the sothe 
Whou the! curry [var. currey, curreth] kynges and her lik 
claweth. Piers Plimimnix I'mlf, 1. 7:!ii. 
3. To dress or prepare (tanned hides) for use 
by soaking, skiving, shaving, scouring, color- 
ing, graining, etc. 4. Figuratively, to beat; 
drub ; thrash : as, to curry one's hide. 
But one that never fought yet has so cnrrinl, 
So bastinado'd them with manly carriage, 
They stand like things Gorgon had turn'd to stone. 
Fletcher (and another), Elder Brother, iv. 3. 
By setting brother against brother, 
To claw and curry one another. 
S. Butler, Hudibras, I. i. 746. 
To curry favelt. K ME. curray favell, cory favel, core 
favelle, a half translation of the OF. estriller fauvel (later 
fauveau)(t\te OF. phrase exactly corresponding to the ME., 
namely, correier (conreer) fauvel, is not found), flatter, lit. 
(like the equiv. G. den falben streichen, or den falben hentjst 
streichen, flatter, translated from the OF.) curry the chest- 
nut horse : OF. estriller, equiv. to correier, conreer, curry ; 
fauvel, favel, later fauveau, a chestnut or dun horse, prop, 
adj., yellowish, dun, fallow, dim. of fauve, yellow, fallow, 
< OHG. falo (falaw-) = AS. fealu, E. fallow : see faveiz, 
fallow. The word fauvel was also often used, apart from 
estriller, with an implication of falsehood or hypocrisy : 
so also fauvain, fauvin, deceit ; estriller (curry) or cha- 
vauchier (ride)/auwmi (equiv. to estriller fauoel), use de- 
ceit; being connected in popular etymology with faus, 
faux, false. The notion of ' flattery ' may have been due 
in part to association with ME. favel, < OF.favele, flattery, 
falsehood, < faveler, talk, tell a story, speak falsehood, < 
L. fabulari, talk, < fabula, fable : see /nivH and faMe.] 
To flatter ; seek favor by officious show of kindness or 
courtesy, flattery, etc. : later corrupted to to curry favor 
(which see, below). Compare cnrry-favcl, n. 
Sche was a schrewe, as have y hele 
Then 
How a Mcrcha 
; 
i, < ML. "curritoi; a runner 
(cf. curritor, a courtier), equiv. to cursitor and 
L. cursor, a runner, < L. currere, pp. cursus, 
run: see current*. Cf. courier and corridor.] 
A runner ; a messenger ; a courier. 
And thus anon hathe he hasty tydynges of ony thing, 
that berethe charge, be his Corrours, that rennen so has- 
tyly, thorghe out allc the (Jontree. 
Mandeville, Travels, p. 243. 
The golden-headed staffe as lightning flew, 
And like the swiftest curror makes repayre 
Whither 'twas sent. Hcywood, Troia Britannica. 
curruca (ku-ro'ka), n. ; pi. curruca; (-se). [NL. ; 
origin obscure. ML. curruca occurs as a var. 
of carruca, a vehicle, carriage.] An old name 
of some small European bird of the family Syl- 
viidee, or more probably of several species of 
warblers indiscriminately, like beccafico orfice- 
dula. In ornithology the name has been used in many 
different connections, both generic and specific : first for- 
mally made a genus of warblers by Brisson, 1760 ; applied 
to the nightingales by Bechstein, 1802 ; applied by Koch, 
1816, to a group of warblers of which the blackcap, Sylvia 
atricapilla, is the type. [Now little used.] 
curry 1 (kur'i), v. t. ; pret. and pp. curried, ppr. 
currying. [Early mod. E. also currie, curray, 
cory, etc.; < ME. curreyen, currayen, corayen, 
coryen, rub down a horse, dress leather, < OF. 
correier, career, earlier conreer, cunreer, con- 
raier, conrer, put in order, prepare, make ready, 
treat, curry, later courroyer, F. corroyer, dress 
leather (= Pr. conrear = It. corredare), < cor- 
roi, coroi, conroi, conroy, conroit, conrei, cunroi, 
cunrei, etc., order, arrangement, apparatus, 
equipage, apparel, provisions, etc. (> ME. cur- 
reye, n.) (cf. ML. eorredium, eonredium, appa- 
ratus, etc.; also corrodium, > corody, q. v.), < 
con- + roi, array, order, = It. -redo in arrcdo, 
array, < ML. -redmn, -redium (in arredium, ar- 
ray, and eonredium), of Teut. origin: cf. Sw. 
reda = Dan. rede, order, = Icel. reidhi, tackle, 
equipment, akin to E. ready, q. v. : see array. 
For the relation of curry to currier, see currier*. 
Cf. G. gerben, curry, lit. prepare.] 1. To rub 
and clean (a horse) with a comb; groom: some- 
times used in contempt, with reference to a 
person. 
'here sche currayed favell well. 
rcho.nl diil his Wyfe Betray (ed. Palmer), 1. 203. 
He that will in court dwell, must needes currie fabel. 
... Ye shall understand that fabel is an olde Englishe 
worde, and signified as much as favour doth now adayes. 
Taverner, Proverbes or Adagies (ed. Palmer), fol. 44. 
To Curry favor [a corruption of to curry favel, simulat- 
ing favor (curry being apparently understood much as 
claw, ., flatter: compare def. 2, above), this form of the 
Shrase appearing first in the end of the 16th century), to 
atter ; seek or gain favor by officious show of kindness or 
courtesy, flattery, etc. See to curry favel, above. Com- 
pare curry-favor, n. 
Darius, to curry fauour with the Egyptians, offered an 
hundred talents to him that could find out a succeeding 
Apis. Purchas, Pilgrimage, p. 575. 
To curry a temporary favour he incurreth everlasting 
hatred. " Rev. T. Adauis, Sermons, I. 284. 
This humour succeeded so with the puppy, that an ass 
would go the same way to work to curry favour for him- 
self. Sir K. L' Estrange, Fables. 
A well timed shrug, an admiring attitude, . . . are 
sufficient qualifications for men of low circumstances to 
curry favour. Goldsmith, Citizen of the World, xxxiv. 
[Curry has been used in this sense without favor. 
If I had a suit to master Shallow, I would humour his 
men ; ... if to his men, I would curry with master Shal- 
low. Shak., 2 Hen. IV., v. 1.] 
curry 2 (kur'i), n. ; pi. curries (-iz}. [Anglo- 
Ind., also written currie, repr. Canarese kari 
or kadi (cerebral d), Malayalam kari (a pron. 
nearly as E. ), boiled sour milk used with rice, 
a mixed dish ; also bite, bit, morsel, chip, etc.] 
A kind of sauce or relish, made of meat, fish, 
fowl, fruit, eggs, or vegetables, cooked with 
bruised spices, such as cayenne-pepper, cori- 
ander-seed, ginger, garlic, etc., with turmeric, 
much used in India and elsewhere as a relish 
or flavoring for boiled rice. The article of food pre- 
pared with this sauce is said to be curried: as, curried- 
rice, curried fowl, etc. 
The unrivalled excellence of the Singhalese in the prep- 
aration of their innumerable curries, each tempered by 
the delicate creamy juice expressed from the flesh of the 
coco-nut. Sir J. E. Tennent, Ceylon, i. 2. 
curry 2 (kur'i), v. t. ; pret. and pp. curried, ppr. 
currying. [< curryV, n.] To flavor or prepare 
with curry. 
curry-card (kur'i-kard), n. A piece of leather 
or wood in which are inserted teeth like those of 
wool-cards. It is used for the same purposes as 
a currycomb. 
currycomb (kur'i-korn), n. 1. A comb used 
in grooming horses. It consists generally "f sev- 
eral short-toothed metal combs placed parallel to one an- 
other, and secured perpendicularly to a metal plate, t" 
which a short bundle is fastened. A piece of leather 
armed with wiiv teeth is sometimes substituted for the 
metal combs. 
2. In < iilinii., a name sometimes given to the 
strigilis, or organ on the front leg of a bee, 
used to clean the antemiee. See */,-' ''' 
