dal segno 
dal segno (dal sa'nyo). [It., from the sign: 
dal for da il, from the (da, < L. da, from; il, < 
L. ille, this); segno, < L. si/jnum, sign: see sign.] 
In music, a direction to go back to the sign $, 
and repeat thence to the close, or to a point in- 
dicated by the word fine. Abbreviated D. S. 
dalt 1 (dalt), . [Sc., < Gael, dalta = Ir. daZte, 
daltan, & foster-child, a pet, disciple, ward.] A 
foster-child. 
It is false of thy father's child ; false of thy mother's 
son ; falsest of my dalt. Scott, fair Maid of Perth, xxix. 
dalt 2 t. An obsolete preterit of deal 1 . 
Daltonian (dal-to'ni-an), a. and , [< Dalton 
(see daltonism) + -ia'n.] I. . Relating to or 
discovered by John Dalton, a noted English 
chemist (1766-1844) Daltonian atomic theory, 
the theory, first enunciated hy John Dalton, that, while the 
atoms of the different elements have not the same weights, 
the combining weights of these elements express the 
relation between their atomic weights. His theory re- 
garded chemical combination as a union of different atoms 
in definite quantitative proportions. 
II. n. [cap. or 1. c.] One affected by color- 
blindness. See daltonism. 
They have since experimented with four Daltonians, or 
color-blind persons. J'vjt. Sci. Mo., XX. 143. 
daltonism (dal'ton-izm), n. [From John Dal- 
ton, the chemist, who suffered from this defect.] 
Color-blindness. 
In those persons who are troubled with Daltonism, or 
colour-blindness, luminous undulations so different as 
those of red and green awaken feelings that are identical. 
J. Finke, Cosmic Philos., I. 17. 
Dalton's law. See law. 
dalyt, 1. A die. Dalies were not precisely 
like modern dice, but in some examples had let- 
ters on the six sides. 2. pi. A game played 
with such dice. 
dam 1 (dam), n. [Early mod. E. also damme; 
< ME. dam, damnte, a dam, a body of water 
hemmed in, < AS. *damm (not recorded, but no 
doubt existent, as the source of the verb. q. v.) 
= OFries. dam, dom = D. dam = MLG. LG. 
dam = MHG. tarn, G. darnin (after D.), a dike, 
= Icel. dammr = Sw. dam = Dan. dam = Goth. 
*da>nms, a dam, inferred from the verb fanr- 
dammjan: see dam 1 , v.] 1. A mole, bank, or 
mound of earth, or a wall, or a frame of wood, 
constructed across a stream of water to ob- 
struct its flow and thus raise its level, in order 
to make it available as a motive power, as for 
driving a mill-wheel ; such an obstruction built 
for any purpose, as to form a reservoir, to pro- 
tect a tract of land from overflow, etc. ; in law, 
an artificial boundary or means of confinement 
of running water, or of water which would oth- 
erwise flow away. 
No more dam* I'll make for fish. Shak., Tempest, ii. 2. 
The sleepy pool above the dam, 
The pool beneath it never still. 
Tennyson, Miller's Daughter. 
2. In mining, any underground wall or stop- 
Eing, constructed of masonry, clay, or timber, 
)r the purpose of holding back water, air, or 
gas. 3. In dentistry, a guard of soft rubber 
placed round a tooth to keep it free from saliva 
while being prepared for filling. 4f. The body 
of water confined by a dam. 
Hoc staynum, a dame. 
AS. and 0. E. Vocab. (2d ed. Wright), col. 736, 1. 29. 
Floating dam, a caisson forming a gate to a dry dock. 
Movable dam. Same as barrage. (See also crib-dam.) 
dam 1 (dam), v. t. ; pret. and pp. dammed, ppr. 
damming. [Early mod. E. also damme; < ME. 
*dammen (found only with change of vowel, dem- 
men, used passively, be hemmed in, < AS. "dem- 
man, only in once-occurring comp. for-demman 
= Qolh.faur-dammjau, stop up) = MD. D. dam- 
men = MLG. dammen = G. ddmmen = Icel. 
demma = Sw. damma = Dan. dtemmc, dam ; all 
from the noun.] 1. To obstruct or restrain the 
flow of by a dam ; confine or raise the level of 
by constructing a dam, as a stream of water: 
often with in, up. 
"When you dam up a stream of water, as soon as the dam 
is full as much water must run over the dam-head as if 
there was no dam at all. 
Adam Smith, Wealth of Nations, iv. 5. 
2. To confine or restrain as if with a dam ; stop 
or shut up or in ; obstruct : with up. 
You that would damup your ears and harden your heart 
as iron against the miresistible cries of supplicants callin" 
upon you for mercy, . . . should first imagine yourself in 
their case. ll,mkrr, Eccles. Polity, v. 61. 
Dam up your mouths, 
And no words of it. 
llnxxiiiiifi; Virgin-Martyr, ii. 3. 
To dam out, tu prevent from entering, as water, by 
means of a dam. 
1440 
dam a (dam), . [< ME. damme, usually dame, 
the mother of a beast; merely a particular 
use of dame, a woman: see dame 1 . Of. a 
like use of sire.] A female parent: used of 
beasts, particularly of quadrupeds, and some- 
times (now usually in a slighting sense) of 
women. 
faithless ! forsworn ! ue goddess was thy dam ! 
Surrey, MneiA, iv. 477. 
What, all my pretty chickens, and their daw, 
At one fell swoop? Shak., Macbeth, iv. 3. 
This brat is none of mine; . . . 
Hence with it, and, together with the duiii. 
Commit them to the fire. Shak., W. T., ii. 3. 
The lost lamb at her feet 
Sent out a bitter bleating for its i/nm. 
TennyHon, Princess, iv. 
dam 3 (dam), n. [See dams.] A crowned man 
in the game of draughts or checkers. [Local, 
Eng.] 
Dama (da'ma), . [NL., < L. ddma, damma, a 
fallow-deer.J A genus or subgenus of deer; 
damareteion 
Fallow-deer (Dama flatyceros). 
the fallow-deer. The common European spe- 
cies is Cervus dama, also known as Dama platy- 
ceros. 
damage (dam'aj), n. [Early mod. E. also dam- 
mage; < ME. damage, < OF. damage, damage, 
F. dommage, harm, = Pr. damnatje, dampnatje, 
damnatge = It. dannaggio, < ML. *damnaticum, 
harm (cf. adj. damnations, condemned to the 
mines), < L. damnum, loss, injury: see damn.] 
If. Harm; mischance; injury in general. 
Therfore yef ye do wisely sendeth after hem, (for but yef 
thei he departed ther shull some be deed, and that were 
grete damage and pite. Merlin (E. E. T. S.), iii. 668. 
2. Hurt or loss to person, character, or estate ; 
injury to a person or thing by violence or wrong- 
ful treatment, or by adverse natural forces ; de- 
terioration of value or reputation. 
Galashin . . . hadde gode corage, and gode will to be 
a-venged of his damage yef he myght come in place. 
Merlin (E. E. T. S.), iii. 397. 
To the utmost of our ability we ought to repair any 
damage we have done. Seattle, Moral Science, iii. 1. 
No human being can arbitrarily dominate over another 
without grievous damage to his own nature. 
Huxley, Lay Sermons, p. 21. 
3. pi. In law, the value in money of what is 
lost or withheld ; the estimated money equiva- 
lent for detriment or injury sustained; that 
which is given or adjudged to repair a loss. 
4. Cost; expense. [Colloq.] 
Many thanks, but I must pay the da-mage, and will thank 
you to tell me the amount of the engraving. Byron. 
Amenity damages. See amenity. Civil damage act. 
See civil.-- Compensatpry damages, consequential 
damages. See the adjectives. Damage feasant, in 
law, doing injury; inflicting damage ; trespassing, as cat- 
tle : applied to a stranger's beasts found in another per- 
son's ground without his leave or license, and there doing 
damage, by feeding or otherwise, to the grass, com, wood, 
etc. Exemplary, punitive, or vindictive damages, 
such damages as are fixed upon, not as a mere reimburse- 
ment of pecuniary loss, but as a good round compensation 
and an adequate recompense for the entire injury sus- 
tained, and as may serve for a wholesome example to oth- 
ers in like cases. See compensatm-?/ iliiitiiuicx, under com- 
pnuotory. Farthing damages, in Knti. law, nominal as 
opposed to substantial damages. Liquidated or stipu- 
lated damages, damages which are fixed in amount by 
the nature or terms of a contract. Nominal damages, a 
trifling sum, such as six cents, awarded to vindicate a plain- 
tiff's right, when no serious injury has been suffered, in 
contradistinction to substantial damages. Special dam- 
ages, damages which would not necessarily follow the com- 
mission of the alleged breach of contract or wrong, and 
therefore need to be specially alleged in the complaint or 
declaration. -Unliquidated damages, damages which 
require determination by the estimate of a jury or court. 
= Syn. Detriment, Harm, etc. (See injury.) Waste, etc. 
See loss. 
damage (dam'aj), v. ; pret. and pp. damaged, 
ppr. damaging. [Early mod. E. also dammage; 
< OF. damagier, domagier, damage, harm ; from 
the noun: see damage, n.] I. trans. To cause 
damage to ; hurt ; harm ; injure ; lessen the value 
or injure the interests or reputation of. 
When bothe the armyes were approachyng to the other, 
the audinaunce shot so terribly and with suche a violence 
that it sore daininayed and encombred bothe the parties. 
Hull, Hen. VII., an. 3. 
It stands me much upon 
To stop all hopes whose growth may damaye me. 
Shak., Rich! III., iv. i 
II. in trans. To receive damage or injury; be 
injured or impaired in soundness or value : as, 
a freshly cut crop will damage in a mow or stack. 
damageable (dam'aj-a-bl), a. [< OF. damage- 
able, damageable, Fi dommageable, < damagier, 
damage: see damage, v., and -able.] 1. Hurt- 
ful; pernicious; damaging. [Bare.] 
The other denied it, because it would be damageable 
and prejudicial to the Spaniard. 
Camden, Elizabeth, an. 158S. 
2. That maybe injured or impaired; suscepti- 
ble of damage : as, damageable goods, 
damage-cleert, [ML. damna clericorum, dam- 
ages of the clerks : see damnum and cleric, 
clerk.] In Eng. law, a fee formerly paid in the 
Courts of Common Pleas, King's Bench, and 
Exchequer, in certain cases where damages 
were recovered in those courts, 
damagenientt (dam'aj-ment), . [< damage + 
-ment.] Damage; injury. 
And the more base and brutish pleasures bee, . . . 
The more's the soule and hodie's damagemfnt. 
Dacies, Microcosnios, p. 44. 
damageoust, . [< OF. damagious, damajos, da- 
mageus, domageus, dommageus, etc., < damage, 
damage: see damage and -ous.] Hurtful; dam- 
aging. Minsheu, 1617. 
damajavag, A trade-name for the extract of 
the wood and bark of the chestnut-tree, used in 
place of gall-nuts for dyeing black and for tan- 
ning. O'Neill, Diet, of Dyeing, p. 130. 
Damalichthys (dam-a-lik'this), . [NL., < Gr. 
<!d//a?.(f, a young cow, heifer, + 'iX" l 'S, a fish.] 
Damatichthys vacca. 
A genus of surf-fishes, of the family Holcono- 
tidce. D. vacca is a species of the Pacific coast of the 
United States, locally known as porgy and perch ; it is a 
food-fish, attaining a weight of from 2 to 3 pounds. 
Damalis (dam'a-lis), n. [NL., < Gr. 6aua>.i$, a 
young cow, a heifer, prob. < 6a[i-d(etv, tame, = 
L. dom-are = E. tame.] 1. A genus of dipter- 
ous insects. Fabricius, 1805. 2. A genus of 
lepidopterous insects. Hubner, 1816. 3. A 
genus of antilopine ruminant quadrupeds, con- 
taining a number of African antelopes related 
to those of the genus AlcelapJtus, in which they 
are sometimes included. Species of the genus are 
the sassaby or bastard hartbeest (D. lunata), the korri- 
gum (D. senegalentnn), the bontebok (D. pygarga), and the 
blesbok (D. albifrons). They are large animals with sub- 
cylindrical divergent horns, small naked muffle, and, in 
the females, two teats ; they belong to the group of buba- 
line antelopes. //. Smith, 1827. See cut under bletbok. 
4. A genus of bivalve mollusks. J. E. Gray, 
1847. 
daman (dam'an), n. [Syrian.] The Syrian 
hyrax, Hyrax syriacus ; the cony of the Bible. 
See cony and Hyrax. Also written daman. 
damar (dam'ar), . Same as dammar-resin. 
Damara (dam'a-ra), n. Same as Dammara, 1. 
damareteion 
(dam"a-re-ti'on), 
.; pi. damareteia 
(-a). [Gr. Aa/iapf- 
rctov (sc. v6fuaua, 
coin), neut. of Aa- 
/lapeTctof, of Dama- 
rete or Demarete, 
Obverse. 
perii, the wile of 
Gelon. The coin 
was first struck in 
commemoration of 
the gold crown 
