dean 
dean as essential to the existence of a faculty). 
'I'hi' oltlre was ill Mist directly or ill' lirectly elective "(or 
I Hit 1 or two \ears \\ bile I Illlollly tilled by tin- rlilf.it Ilia^- 
twngtat. r.ui the faculties, having la Oraal r.ritainaml 
\mrrira lost tin-it' early more independent corporate ex- 
istence, lire tmw usually presided over by the head of the 
university, and the ollicc of (Iran has sunk to that of a 
mere registrar or secretary, or bus censed to exist. Ill 
Ijl-li^ll rulirurs till' ilrail J.r--,l<ir^ ill rhaj.r], looktt after 
tin- moral ami religious \\clfare of the scholars, ami is 
churned with til.' preservation of discipline. The ntln , i^ 
commonly unitril with out- of the tutorships. Tin- olhrr 
of clean of H college or school is evidently a mere adapu 
tion of thai of .Iran of a monastery, ami as such dates 
from far earlier times than tlutt of ilean of a faculty, al- 
though the faculties long preceded the colleges. 
Certain censors, or dean**, apitointed to looke to the 
behaviour ami manner of the Students there (at Cam- 
bridge]. ll<>lini<hrd, Chronicles. 
He lonK'd at college, only long'd, 
All else wan well, for she-society. . . . 
They lost their weeks ; they vext the souls of deans. 
Temtjima, Princess, Prol. 
3. The oldest member in length of service of a 
constituted body, or a body of persons of equal 
rank, of whom he is the prescriptive leader in 
all joint action : as, the dean of the diplomatic 
corps; the dean of the French Academy; the 
(Iran of the Sacred College (the oldest of the 
cardinals, who possesses high authority by 
right of his seniority). 4. The president for 
the time being of an incorporation of barristers 
or law practitioners. Dean and chapter, a bish- 
op's council, consisting of the dean and his prebendaries, 
whose duties consist in aiding the bishop with their ad- 
vice in affairs of religion and in the temporal concerns of 
his see. Dean Of Arches, the chief judicial officer of the 
Archbishop of Canterbury, dean of the Court of Arches, 
but not really a dean in the modern sense of the word. 
Dean Of Faculty, the president of the Faculty of Ad- 
vocates In Scotland. Dean of gild, (a) The chief offi- 
cer of a medieval trade-gild, and of some existing gilds In 
Europe. 
They represented that it had been customary to consult, 
after the city magistracies, only the captains of compa- 
nies and the deans of guild* in matters of government. 
Mtl: a, Dutch Republic, III. 20. 
(b) In Scotland, the elected head of the merchant com- 
pany or gildry of a royal burgh, who is a magistrate of 
the burgh for the supervision of all matters relating to 
the erection and character of buildings. The office in the 
full sense now exists only in Edinburgh, Glasgow, Aber- 
deen, and Perth, its duties in other ourghs being per- 
formed by an officer bearing the same title, elected by the 
town council. Dean Of gild court, in Scotland, a court 
presided over by the dean of gild, the Jurisdiction of 
which is routined to the regulation of buildings, to such 
matters of police as have any connection with buildings, 
and to the regulation of weights and measures. Dean of 
peculiars. See peculiar.- Dean of the chapel royal, 
a title bestowed on six clergymen of the Church of Scot- 
land, who receive from the crown a portion of the rev- 
enues which formerly belonged to tne chapel royal in 
Scotland. Dean of the province of Canterbury, the 
Bishop of London, to whom, when a convocation is to be 
assembled, the archbishop sends his mandate for summon- 
ing the bishops of the province. 
deanery (de'ne-ri), n. ; pi. deaneries (-riz). [< 
dean + -fry. Cf. ML. decttnaria, a deanery.] 
1. The office or the revenue of a dean. 
When he could no longer keep the deanery of the chapel- 
royal, he made him his successor in that near attendance 
upon tlie king. Clarendon, Great Rebellion. 
2. The house of a dean. 
Take her by the hand, away with her to the deanery, 
ami dispatch it quickly. Shak., M. W. of W., v. 3. 
3. The jurisdiction of a dean. 
Each archdeaconry is divided into rural deaneries, and 
each deanery is divided into parishes. Blackstone. 
Rural deanery, in England, the circuit of jurisdiction of a 
rural dean. Every rural deanery is divided into parishes. 
The duties of rural deans are now generally discharged by 
archdeacons, though the deaneries still subsist as an errlr 
siastical division of the diocese or archdeanery. See dean-. 
deaness (de'nes), n. [< dean* + -ess.] The 
wife of a dean. Sterne. 
deanimalize (ile-an'i-mal-iz), r. t. ; pret. and 
pp. deanimali'cd, ppr. dc(iiiii<ili:ina. [< <li- 
priv. + anim<ili;e.] To free from animality or 
animal qualities: as, to deanimalize wool-fiber. 
[Bare.] 
deanship (den 'ship), H. [< dean? + -ship.'] The 
office, dignity, or title of a dean. 
Because I don't value your </crt/w/iij> a straw. Swift. 
deanthropomorphism (de-an ' thro -po-m6r '- 
fizm), w. [< dfniitlir<>i>i>mori>liizc + '-ism.} The 
process of getting rid of anthropomorphic no- 
tions. 
Hemv, as Mi-. Kiske has shown in detail, so soon as an- 
thropomorphism has assumed iN highest state of develop- 
ment, it begins t.. he replaced hy a eontinuons growth of 
dttHttiuropomorpMtm, which, passing through polytheism 
itito ni'iiiMthri-.m. eventually ends in a progressive ''puri- 
fication" of theism hy which is meant a progressive 
metamorphosis of the tiiristir conception, tending to re- 
move from the Deity tin- attril'tltes of Humanity. 
Cont>-t>ii>r>irti /.Vr, L. 52. 
deanthropomorphization(de-an'thro-po-m6r- 
fi-za'shon), n. [< ttea*tkropomorpkiss + -ation.} 
93" 
1473 
The act of freeing from anthropomorphic attri- 
butes or conceptions. 
Thrre is one continuous pi,,i ess [of knowimil, which (if 
I may he allowed to invent a rather formidahle wonl m 
imitation of ('..In 'i.l-el is best ilesciiH.fi as a continuous 
process of damUAfopoinarBMiaClon, or the stripping otf 
of the anthropomorphic attributes witli which primr\ai 
philosophy rl.ilhrd the nnk)i"Uii I'ouer which in malii- 
Irstrd in phenomena. J. /-VU-- . t'n.-inir I'hilos,, I. 1"<J. 
deanthropomorphize (de-an'thro-po-mor'fiz), 
r. I.: ]nvt. and pp. dtniiitlirti/Hiiiiiir/iliLiil, ppr. 
i/, until I'll/in iiiiirpltizing. [< <fe- priv. + antlint- 
[>omnri>hi:f.~\ To free from anthropomorphic 
attributes or notions. 
We may proceed to gather our illustrations of tin 
tln-<>iMniutrphizing process. J. Fi*kr, Cosmic Philos., I. 177. 
dear 1 (der), a. and H. [Early mod. E. also dee re, 
dm; < ME. deere, dere,< AS. deore, mutated dyn; 
beloved, precious, of great value, = OS. ilmn 
= OFries. diore, diure = D. dier, duur = OHO. 
tiuri, MHG. tiure, G. theuer = Icel. dyrr = 8w. 
Dan. dyr, dear ; not found in Goth. ; root un- 
known.] I. a. 1. Precious; of great value; 
highly esteemed or valued. 
But none of these things move me, neither count 1 my 
life dear unto myself. Act* xx. 24. 
Some dear cause 
Will in concealment wrap me up awhile. 
Shak., Ix;ar, iv. 3. 
2. Costly; high in price; expensive, either ab- 
solutely, or as compared with the cost of other 
similar things, or of the same thing at other 
times or places : opposed to cheap. 
The cheapest of us is ten groats too dear. 
Shak., Rich II., v. 6. 
The Hackneys and Chairs . . . are the most nasty and 
miserable Voiture that can be ; and yet near as dear again 
as in London. Litter, Journey to Paris, p. 13. 
And am I to blame. Sir Peter, because flowers are dear 
In cold weather? Sheridan, School for Scandal, 11. 1. 
Each . . . hemlock 
Wore ermine too dear for an earl. 
Lou-ell, First Snow-Fall. 
Beauty, I suppose, must always be a dear purchase In 
this world. C. I). Warner, Roundabout Journey, p. 104. 
3. Characterized by high prices in consequence 
of scarcity or dearth : as, a dear season. 
What if a dear year come, or dearth, or some loss? 
Burton, Anat. of Mel., p. 178. 
4. Charging high prices: as, a dear tailor. 5. 
Held in tender affection or esteem; loved; be- 
loved: as, a dear child; a dear friend. [In this 
sense much used in the introductory address of letters 
between persons on terms of affection or of polite inter- 
course : as, dear Lucy ; dear Doctor ; dear Sir.) 
Be ye ... followers of God, as dear children. 
Eph. v. 1. 
And the last joy was dearer than the rest. Pope. 
Will not man one day open his eyes and see how dear 
he is to the soul of Nature how near it is to him? 
Emerson, Domestic Life. 
Each to other seems more dear 
Than all the world else. 
William Harris, Earthly Paradise, III. 61. 
6. Intense; deep; keen; being of a high degree. 
With percing point 
Of pitty deare his hart was thrilled sore. 
Spenser, F. Q., I. viil. 30. 
You 
Towards York shall bend you, with your dearenl speed. 
Shak., 1 Hen. IV., v. 6. 
Never was woman's grief for loss of lord 
Dearer than mine to me. Middleton, Witch, Iv. 1. 
7. Coming from the heart ; heartfelt ; earnest ; 
passionate. 
What foolish boldness brought thee to their mercies, 
Whom thoii, in terms so bloody, and so dear, 
Hast made thine enemies? SAa*., T. N., v. 1. 
8. Dangerous ; deadly. 
Let us return, 
And strain what other means is left unto us 
In our dear peril. Shale., T. of A., v. 2. 
Would I hail met my dearest foe in heaven, 
Ere I had ever seen that day. Shak., Hamlet, i. 2. 
[Obsolete or archaic in senses 6, 7, and 8.] 
II. H. A darling : a word denoting tender af- 
fection or endearment, most commonly used in 
direct address: as, my dear. 
From that day forth Duessa was his deare. 
Spenser, V. Q., I. vil. 16. 
That kiss 
I carried from thee, dear. Shak., Cor., v. 3. 
But why. my >l>'<tr, hast thou lock'd up thy speech 
In so much silent sadness ? Ford, Lady's Trial, i. 1. 
I could not love thee, dear, so much, 
Loved I not honour more. Lfirelace, To Lucasta. 
dear 1 (der), <idr. [< M K. >l,n: deore, etc., < AS. 
il, <>rf = OHG. tiuro, MHG. Hun; (i. theuer (= 
Dan. Sw. ilyrt), adv. ; from the adj.] 1. Dearly : 
very tenderly. 
So dear I lov'd the man. Shak., Rich. III., iii i, 
dearth 
Those lines that I before bav. | it do lie, 
Lvrn those that said I rouM not love yon dearer. 
.s'A'ii- , >oim ' 
2. At a dear rate; at a high prii-o. 
If thou attempt it, it will cost Hire :l,,i,\ 
Shitk., Othello, V. 2. 
Thou shall itrar aby this blow. 
Greene, Ueorge-a-Greene. 
Mv dinner at Calais was sniterh ; 1 never ate no good a 
dinner, nor was In so good a hotel ; but I paid dear. 
Xinlnrii Xniitli. To Mr.-. Sydney .Smith. 
To buy the bargain deari. s, < i,ar : iain.- To cost 
dear. *, <-'i*t-. 
dear 1 (tier). //</;/. [ SIM- </r<trl,a.] An exclama- 
tion indicating surprise, pity, or other emotion : 
used absolutely or in connection with oh or me : 
as, oh dear ! I am so tired : dear me ! where have 
you been T [Dear me is often regarded as a cor- 
ruption of the Italian Dio min, my God ; but for 
this there is no external evidence.] 
And dear, but she was sorry. 
Bight's Lady (Chilli's Ballads, VIII. 287). 
dear 1 ! (der), v. t. [< dear, a. Cf. endear.'] To 
make dear; endear. 
Nor should a Sonne his Sire lone for reward, 
But for he is his Sire, in nature 
/<" n Microcoftnioa, p. 64. 
dear 2 t, " An obsolete spelling of deer. 
dearborn (der'bdrn), n. [So called from its in- 
ventor, named Dearborn. ] A light four-wheeled 
country vehicle used in the United States. 
dear-bought (der'bat), a. Purchased at a high 
price: as, dear-bought experience; "dear-bought 
blessings," Dryden, Fables. 
deare 1 !, a. and n. An obsolete form of rfearl. 
deare 2 t, . See deer. 
dearie, . See deary. 
dearlingt, n. An obsolete form of darling. 
Spenser. 
dearlyt (der'li), a. [< rieoi-l + -lyl.] Much 
loved; darling. 
I had a nurse, and she was fair ; 
She was a dearly nurse to me. 
/...// ./'///./, Dowjlas (Child's Ballads, IV. 138). 
dearly (der'li), adv. [< dearl + -fy.] 1. At a 
dear rate ; at a high price. 
He has done another crime, 
For which he will pay dearly. 
Oighfs Lady (Child's Ballads, VIII. 288). 
He buys his mistress dearly with his throne. Dryden. 
The victory remained with the King; but it had been 
dearly purchased. Whole columns of his bravest warriors 
had fallen. Maeaula;/, Frederic the Great. 
2f. Richly; choicely. 
Man, how dearly ever parted [gifted], 
How much in having, or without, or in. 
Cannot make boast to have that which he hath . . . 
But by reflection. Shak., T. and C., ill. 3. 
3. With great fondness ; fondly ; affectionately : 
as, we love our children dearly; dearly beloved 
brethren. 
That thou hast her, it is not all my grief, 
And yet it may be said I loved her dearly. 
Shak., Sonnets, xlii. 
4f. Earnestly; strongly; heartily. 
And (he] made Merlyn come he-fore hym, and praied 
hym dierly to tell hym the signincacion of his drerae. 
Merlin (E. E. T. 8.), Hi. 644. 
For my father hated his father dearly. 
Shak., As yon Like It, 1. 3. 
de-armt (de-arm'), r. t. [< de- priv. + arm.} 
To disarm. Bailey, 1727. 
dearnH, a. Same as dern 1 . 
dearn 2 (dern ), ii. [Origin unknown.] In arch., 
a door-post or threshold. Also spelled dim. 
I just put my eye between the wall and the dern of the 
gate. Kinynley, Westward Ho, xiv. 
dearness (der'nes), M. [< dear* + -ness.] 1. 
Costliness ; high price, or a higher price than 
the customary one. 
The dearness of corn. Sicift. 
You admit temporary dearness, compensated by advan- 
I i-r- The American, VIII. 341). 
2. Fondness; nearness to the heart or affec- 
tions; great value in esteem and confidence; 
tender love. 
The great dearnest of friendship. Baeon, Friendship. 
The child too clothes the father with a dearness not his 
due. Tennyson, Locksley Hall. 
dearnfult, a. Same as dernful. 
dearnlyt, "dr. Same as dernly. 
dearsenicize (de-ar-sen'i-siz), r. f. ; pret. and 
pp. dearxeniei:ed, ppr. deargenicuing. [< de- 
priv. + arsenic + -ize.] To free from arsenic. 
Also spelled dearsenicise. 
dearth (derth), . [< ME. derth, dertlic, scar- 
city, preciousness (not in AS. ) (= OS. divrida = 
OHG. tiurida, MHG. tiiirde, turtle - Ier-1. dyrth); 
< dear + -th, formative of abstract nouns.] If. 
Dearness ; costliness ; high price. 
