dichlamydeous 
dichlamydeous (dl-kla-mid'e-us), a. [< Gr. it-, 
two-, + .^Xa/tu'f (x/ja/ivS-), a cloak (see cMami/x), 
+ -eous.'] In bot., having a double perianth, 
consisting of both calyx and corolla. 
dichlorid (di-klo'rid), n. Same as bichlorid. 
dichloro-methane (di-kld"r6-me'than), n. [< 
diclilor(id) + methane.'] Methylene dichlorid. 
dicho-. [< Gr. Si%o-, combining form of Sixa, 
in two, apart, < c!/f (-), twice, two-: see di- 2 .] 
The first element in several scientific terms, 
meaning ' in two parts,' ' in pairs.' 
Dichobune (di-ko-bu'ue), . [NL., < Gr. Sixa, 
in two, + /3ovv6$,' a hill, height, mound, prob. a 
Cyrenaic word.] 1. A fossil genus of non- 
ruminant or buuodont artiodactyl quadrupeds 
of Eocene age, type of the family Dicliolvnidai : 
so called from their bunodout molars. 2 
(dl'ko-bun). [7. e.] An animal of this genus or 
of the family Dichobunidw. 
Dichobunidae (di-ko-bu'ui-de), n. pi. [NL., < 
Dichobunu + -idai.~\ ' A family of extinct artio- 
dactyl quadrupeds. They are related to the anoplo- 
theres, but have the body somewhat leporiform, with the 
hind limbs disproportionately longer than the fore, anil 
the teeth more specialized than in the Anoplotheriidce. 
The teeth are 44 in number, with 6 persistent upper in- 
cisors. The dichobunes are supposed to have had a diffuse 
placenta and a tripartite stomach with no developed 
psalterium, and hence to have been non-ruminant. The 
dentition is of the pattern called bunoilont. The leading 
genera are Dichobune and Dichodon, from the Eocene. 
dichogamic (di-ko-gam'ik), a. [< dichogamy + 
-i'c.] Relating to dichogamy. 
dichogamous (di-kpg'a-mus), a. [< Gr. iixa, in 
two, + yd/iof, marriage.] In bot., exhibiting or 
characterized by dichogamy. 
With dichogamous plants, early or late flowers on the 
same individual may intercross. 
Darwin, Different Forms of Flowers, p. 209. 
dichogamy (dl-kog'a-mi), n. [As (lichogam-ous 
+ -y.~\ In hot., a provision in hermaphrodite 
flowers to prevent self-fertilization by a differ- 
ence in the time of maturity of the anthers and 
Stigma. It is distinguished as proterandrotix or prater- 
oijynous, according as the anthers or the stigmas are the 
first to become mature. 
The same end [cross-fertilization] is gained by dichog- 
amy or the maturation of the reproductive elements of 
the same flower at different periods. 
Darwin, Different Forms of Flowers, p. 258. 
Dicholophidae (di-ko-lof'i-de), n.pl. [NL., < 
Dicholophus + -idee.] A family of birds, taking 
name from the genus Dicholophus : a synonym 
of Cariamidai (which see). J. J. Kaup, 1850. 
Dicholophus (di-kol'o-fus), . [NL. (Illiger, 
1811), < Gr. fiixa, in two, + Ad^of, a crest, ridge.] 
A genus of birds : same as Cariama, 2. 
dichord (di'kord), . [< Gr. dixopSov, an instru- 
ment with two strings, neut. of Aixopfioc,, two- 
stringed, < &-, two-, + xf>dilj string: see chord, 
cord 1 .] 1. An ancient musical instrument, of 
the lute or harp class, having two strings. 2. 
A general term for musical instruments having 
two strings to_each note. 
dichoree (di-ko're), . Same as dichoreus. 
dichoreus (dl-ko-re'us), n.; pi. dichorei (-1). 
[L., also, later, dichorius, < Gr. Stj(&pttO(, < Si-, 
two-, + xope'of, choreus.] A double ehoreus or 
trochee ; a trochaic dipody regarded as a single 
compound foot. Also called dichoree and di- 
trochee (which see). 
dichotomal (di-kot'o-mal), a. [As dichotom-ous 
+ -al.] In bot., growing in or pertaining to the 
forks of a dichotomous stem : as, a dicliotomal 
flower. 
dichotomic (dl-ko-tom'ik), a. [As dichotom-ous 
+ -jc.] Same as dichotomous Dichotomic syn- 
optical table. Same as dichotomous key (which see, un- 
der dicluttomoiis). 
dichotomically (dl-ko-tom'i-kal-i), adv. Same 
as dichotomously. 
dichotomise, v . See dichotomize. 
dichotomistt (di-kot'o-mist), n. [< dichotomy 
+ -ist.'] One who dichotomizes, or classifies by 
subdivision into pairs. 
These dichotomies . . . would wrest . . . whatsoever 
doth not aptly fall within those dichotomies. 
Bacon, On Learning, VI. ii. 1. 
dichotomization (di-kot"o-mi-za'shon), n. [< 
dichotomize + -ation,~\ Division into two parts ; 
separation or classification by dual or binary 
subdivision. 
dichotomize (dl-kot'o-miz), v. ; pret. and pp. 
dichotomized, ppr. dichotomizing. [< Gr. SIXOTO- 
fieiv, cut in two (6ixorouo^, adj., cut in two), + 
-ize: see dichotomous.'} I. trans. To cut into 
two parts; divide into pairs; specifically, to 
classify by subdivision into pairs. 
II. intrans. To separate into pairs ; become 
dichotomous. 
1600 
The leaf in Dracunculns has a very peculiar shape : it 
consists of a number of lobes which are disposed upon a 
stalk which is more or less forked (tends more or less to 
dichotomise). Nature, XXX. 272. 
Also spelled dichotomise. 
dichotomous (di-kot'o-mus), a. [< LL. dicho- 
tomos, < Gr. iixorouof, cutting in two, propar- 
oxytone A^oVo/Mc, cut in two, divided equally, 
< iix"-, in two, + ri/j.viv, raudv, cut.] Pertain- 
ing to or consisting of a pair or pairs ; divid- 
ed into two, or having a dual arrangement or 
order. 
Take the classification of the sciences, and it is seen that 
the process begins at its widest sweep with a pure dichot- 
omous division : it is the contrast of the Abstract and the 
Concrete. W. L. Davidson, Mind, XII. 251. 
Specifically (a) In bot., regularly dividing by pairs from 
below upward ; two-forked : as, a dichotomous stem. A 
good example of a dichotomous stem is furnished by the 
mistletoe. See cut under dichotomy. 
It is in this manner that the dichotomous character is 
given to the entire stipes. W. B. Carpenter, Micros., 294. 
(b) In zool. : (1) Branching by pairs ; biramous ; bifur- 
cate ; forked : as, the dichotomous division of a deer's ant- 
lers ; the dichotomous foot of a crustacean. (2) Disti- 
chous ; bifarious ; two-rowed or two-ranked ; parted in 
the middle : as, the dichotomous hairs of a squirrel's tail. 
(c) In classification, binary ; dual ; arranged in two ranks 
or series ; opposed by pairs, as a set of characters, or a 
number of objects characterized by dichotomization. Also 
dichotomic. Dichotomous key or table, in not. hist., a 
tabular guide to the orders, genera, etc., as of a flora, ar- 
ranged artificially, so that by a series of contrasts and ex- 
clusions the desired order is finally reached. 
dichotomously (dl-kot'o-mus-H), adv. In a 
dichotomous manner ; by subdivision into two 
parts or into pairs. Also dichotomically. 
All the Sauropsida possess a larynx, a trachea, and one 
or two lungs. The bronchi do not divide dichotomously, 
as they do in Mammalia. Huxley, Anat. Vert., p. 267. 
dichotomy (di-kot'o-mi), n.; pi. dichotomies 
(-miz). [< Gr. iixorouia, a cutting in two, < Six- 
rofiof, cutting in two : see dichotomous.] A cut- 
ting in two ; division into two parts or into twos ; 
subdivision into halves or pairs ; the state of 
being dichotomous. 
Nor contented with a general breach or dichotomy with 
their church, [they] do subdivide and mince themselves 
almost into atoms. Sir T. Browne, Religio Medici, i. 8. 
Specifically (it) In logic, the division of a whole into two 
parts ; binary classification. Kanius revived, against the 
Aristotelians, the Platonic doctrine, which has had many 
adherents, that all classification should be by dichotomy. 
But the opinion has found little favor since Kant. 
We cannot by any logical dichotomies accurately express 
relations which, in Nature, graduate into each other in- 
sensibly. //. Spencer, Priu. of Biol., 75. 
(b) In astron., that phase of the moon in which it ap- 
pears bisected or shows only half its disk, as at the quad- 
ratures, (c) In bot., a mode of 
branching by constant forking, as 
is shown in some stems, the vena- 
tion of some leaves, etc. This 
mode of branching in plants is 
variously modified, as when only 
one of the brandies at each fork 
becomes further developed, in 
which case the dichotomy is said 
to be gyinpodial. If these unde- 
veloped branches lie always upon 
the same side of the axis, the sym- 
podial dichotomy is helicoid; if 
alternately upon opposite sides, it 
is scorpieid. Argument from 
dichotomy, one of the arguments 
of Zeuo the Eleatic against plural- 
ity and magnitude. Anything hav- 
ing magnitude must consist of two parts, and those again 
of two, ad infinituin. Thus, the ultimate parts have no 
magnitude, and hence not the whole. 
dichotrii&ne (di-ko-tri'en), n. [< Gr. iixa, in 
two, + rpiaiva, a trident: see trioene."] In the 
nomenclature of sponge-spicules, a dichoto- 
mous triusne ; a cladose rhabdus whose three 
cladi or arms divide into two. See trmne. 
The arms of a triffine may bifurcate (dichotricene) once, 
twice, 01 oftener, or they may trifurcate. 
Sollas, Encyc. Brit, XXII. 417. 
dichroic (di-kro'ik), a. [< Gr. oixpooc, two- 
colored (see dichroous), + -ic.~] 1. Character- 
ized by dichroism : as, a dichroic crystal. 2. 
Same as dichromatic. 
dichroism (dl'kro-izm), n. [< dichro-ic + 
-ism.'] In optics: (a) A property possessed by 
many doubly refracting crystals of exhibiting 
different colors when viewed in different direc- 
tions. Thus, palladium chlorid appears of a deep-red 
color along the axis, and of a vivid green when viewed 
in a transverse direction. Mica affords another example, 
being nearly opaque when viewed in one direction, but 
transparent and of a different color in another. This prop- 
erty is due to the difference in the absorption of the light- 
vibrations in the different directions. See pleochroism. 
(b) The exhibition of essentially different col- 
ors by certain solutions in different degrees of 
dilution or concentration. 
dichroistic (di-kro-is'tik), a. [< difhro-ism + 
-is tic.'] Having the property of dichroism. Also 
dichroous. 
Dichotomy. 
nella ttentata. 
dick 
dichroite (dl'kro-it), n. [< Gr. Mxpt, two-col- 
ored (see dichroous), + -iVe 2 .] lolite (which 
see): so called from its variation in color. 
Dichromanassa (di"kro-ma-nas'a), . [NL., < 
Gr. 61-, two-, + xpu/m, color, + vaaaa, Doric 
form of vijaaa, vffrra, a duck: see Alias."] A 
genus of herons exhibiting dichromatism ; the 
dichroic egrets, as the reddish egret, D. rufa, 
which in one state is pure white (and known as 
Peale's egret), in another variously colored. 
dichromate (di-kro'mat), n. [< di-'-t + chro- 
niate.~\ Same as bichromate. 
dichromatic (di-kro-mat'ik), a. [< Gr. it-, two-, 
+ ^pu^a(T-), color: see chromatic. Of. dichro- 
mic.] Having or producing two colors ; exhib- 
iting or characterized by dichromatism. Also 
dichroic and dichromatic. 
dichromatism (dl-kro'ma-tizm), n. [< dichro- 
mat-ic + -ism.~\ The quality of being dichromat- 
ic ; the state or condition of normally present- 
ing two different colors or systems of coloration: 
in zool., said of animals which, being ordinari- 
ly of a given color, regularly or frequently ex- 
hibit a different coloration, due to melanism, 
erythrism, etc. The red and gray plumages of many 
owls, the red and green plumages of sundry parrots, the 
white and colored states of various herons, are examples 
of dichromatism. See color-variation. 
Remarkable differences of plnmage in many cases, con- 
stituting dichromatism, or permanent normal difference 
in color. Coues, Key to N. A. Birds, p. 65(1. 
dichromic (di-kro'mik), a. [< Gr. itxpufiof, 
two-colored, < tit-, two-, + xP"t* a i color: see 
chrome, etc.] Relating to or embracing two 
colors only; bichromatic: used by Herschel to 
describe the vision of a color-blind person who 
lacks the perception of one of the three pri- 
mary colors assumed in accordance with the 
Young-Helmholtz theory of color (which see, 
under color). 
Herschel regarded the vision of Dalton as dichromic, the 
red being wanting. Le Conte, Sight, p. 63. 
dichronous (di'kro-nus), a. [< LL. dichronus, 
< Gr. dixpovoc, having two times or quantities, < 
it-, two-, + xpwoi; time.] luanc.pros.: (a) Hav- 
ing two times or quantities ; varying in time ; 
sometimes long and sometimes short ; common ; 
doubtful (Latin anceps) : as, a dichronous vowel 
or syllable; representing a doubtful vowel- 
sound : as, a dichronous letter. In Greek grammar 
the three vowel-letters a, i, u, which may be either long 
or short in sound, are called dichronoiis, in contrast to the 
four remaining vowel-letters, which are fixed in quantity 
(e and o always short, >; and <a always long), (b) Con- 
sisting of two normal short times or moraj; 
disemie : as, a dichronous foot ; lasting for the 
space of two times or morse: as, a dichronous 
long (that is, an ordinary long, equal to two 
shorts, distinguished from a tricltronous or 
other protracted long): as, a dichronoun pause. 
See dinemic. 
dichroous (di'kro-us). a, [< Gr. fiixpoos, 6/xpovf, 
oixpus, two-colored, < Si-, two-, + jpoio, %p6a, 
color.] 1. Same as dichromatic. 2. Same as 
dichroistic. 
dichroscope (di'kro-skop), n. [Irreg. < Gr. Si- 
Xpoof, two-colored,' + aKimelv, view.] An in- 
strument for testing the dichroism of crystals, 
usually consisting of an achromatized double- 
image prism of Iceland spar, fixed in a brass 
tube which has a small square hole at one end 
and a convex lens at the other, of such power 
as to give a sharp image of the square hole. 
On looking through the instrument the square hole ap- 
pears double, the light which passes through being divided 
into two rays polarized in planes at right angles to each 
other ; and if a dichroic crystal is placed in front of it, the 
two images, corresponding to the two sets of light-vibra- 
tions, will appear of different colors. A dichroscope may be 
combined with the polarizing apparatus of a microscope. 
dichroscopic (di-kro-skop'ik), a. [< dichroscope 
+ -i'c.] Pertaining to the dichroscope : as, di- 
chroscopic observations. 
dichtings, ;. pi. See digh tings. 
dicing (di'sing), w. [< ME. dysyng, verbal n. of 
dijscn, dijcen, dice : see dice, .] 1. Gaming with 
dice. 
Where diciivj is, there are other follies also. 
Latimer, 6th Sermon bef. Edw. VI., 1549. 
2. A method of decorating leather in squares 
or diamonds by pressure. E. H. Knight. 
dicing-house (dl'sing-hous), . A house in 
which games with dice are played; a gaming- 
house. 
The public peace cannot be kept where public dicing- 
houses are permitted. 
Jer. Taylvr, Ductor Dubitantium, ii. 472. (Latham.) 
dick 1 (dik), n. [Var. of dike and of ditch.'] 
The mound or bank of a ditch ; a dike. Grose. 
[Prov. Eng.] 
