diuretic 
diuretic (di-u-rot'ik), a. and n. [= F. diure- 
tique = Sp. diuretico = Pg. It. diuretico, < LL. 
diureticus, < Gr. diovprrriKo;, promoting urine, < 
6iovpcii>, urinate : see diuresis.'] I. a. In med., 
exciting the secretion of urine. 
II. n. A medicine that excites the secretion 
and discharge of urine. 
rtinretical (di-u-ret'i-kal), a. Same as diuretic. 
diurnt. diurnet, [ME. diurne, < OF. diurne, F. 
diurne = Sp. Pg. It. diurno, daily (as a noun, OF. 
jour,jor, F.jour = It. giorno, day), < L. diurnus, 
daily, < dies, day: see dial, deity. ] Daily; diurnal. 
Performed hath the sonne his ark diurne. 
Chaucer, Merchant's Tale, 1. 551. 
Diurna (di-er'na), n. pi. [NL., neut. pi. of 
L. diurnus, daily,' of the day: see fKurn.1 In 
entom.: (a) The butterflies; the diurnal Lepi- 
doptera or Bhopalocera, as distinguished from 
the Crepuscularia and Nocturna, or Heterocera 
(moths). They correspond to the old Linnean genus 
Papilio, and are so called because they show themselves 
only dm-ing the day. ( J) An occasional name of 
insects which in the mature state live only a 
day or so, as the Ephemera or day-flies. 
Diurnaet (dl-er'ne), n. pi. [NL., fern. pi. of 
diurnus, daily: see diurn.] In ornith., the di- 
urnal birds of prey, as distinguished from the 
owls or Nocturnal. 
diurnal (di-er'nal), a. and n. [< ME. diurnal 
= F. diurnal = Sp. Pg. diurnal = It. diurnale, 
< L. diurnalis, daily, < diurnus, daily : see diurn. 
See also journal, a doublet of diurnal.'] I. a. 
1. Of or belonging to day; pertaining to the 
daytime ; belonging to the period of daylight, 
as distinguished from the night: opposed to 
nocturnal : as, diurnal heat ; diurnal hours ; di- 
urnal habits, as of an animal. 2. Daily; hap- 
pening every day: as, a diurnal task. 
Love's my diurnal Course, divided right 
'Twixt Hope and Fear, my Day and Night. 
Cowley, The Mistress, Love and Life. 
3. Performed in or occupying one day; lasting 
but for one day ; ephemeral. 
In the short Course of a Diurnal Sun, 
Behold the Work of many Ages done ! 
Congreve, Pindaric Odes, i. 
4. Constituting the measure of a day, either on 
the earth or one of the other planets: as, the 
diurnal revolution of the earth, or of Mars or 
Jupiter. 5. Characterized by some change or 
peculiarity which appears and disappears with 
the daytime, (a) In med., being most intense in the 
daytime : as, zdiumal fever. (&) In ornith., flying abroad 
by day, as the hawks, eagles, vultures, and other birds of 
prey, as distinguished from the owls or nocturnal birds 
of prey, (c) In entom., flying by day, as a butterfly; of 
or pertaining to the Diurna: opposed to nocturnal and 
to crepuscular, (a) In bet., opening by day and closing at 
night, as certain flowers. Diurnal aberration of the 
fixed stars, that part of the aberration which depends 
upon the earth's motion of rotation, and is consequently 
different in different places. See acceleration, and aberra- 
tion, 5. Diurnal arc. See arci. Diurnal circle. See 
circle. Diurnal inequality, in magnetism, meteorology, 
etc., an inequality the period of which is one day. Di- 
urnal motion of a planet, the number of degrees, min- 
utes, etc., which a planet moves in twenty -four hours. 
II. n. 1. A day-book; a diary; a journal. 
[Obsolete or archaic.] 
Certain diurnals of the honoured Mr. Edward Winslow 
have also afforded me good light and help. 
N. Morton, New England's Memorial, p. 10. 
2. A daily newspaper. [Obsolete or archaic.] 
We writers of diurnals are nearer in our style to that 
of common talk than any other writers. 
Steele, Tatler, No. 204. 
He showed me an Oxford newspaper containing a full 
report of the proceedings. ... I suppose the pages of 
that diurnal were not deathless, and that it would now 
be vain to search for it. 
Peacock, in Dowden's Shelley, I. 124. 
3. A Eoman Catholic service-book containing 
the offices for the daily hours of prayer. 4. In 
ornith., a diurnal bird of prey. 5. In entom 
one of the Diurna. 
diurnalistt (dl-er'nal-ist), . [< diurnal + -ist. 
Cf. journalist.'] A journalist. 
By the relation of our diurnalisto. 
Sp. Hall, Cases of Conscience, iv. 9. 
diurnally (di-er'nal-i), adv. 1. By day; in the 
daytime. 2. Daily; everyday. 
1702 
diuturnal (di-u-ter'nal), a. [= Sp. Pg. It. diu- 
turno, < L. diuturnus, of long duration, < din, 
for a long time, also by day, < dies, a day, a 
space of time: see dial, deity.] Lasting; being 
of long continuance. [Bare.] 
Things by which the peace between us may be preserved 
entire and diuturnal. Milton. 
diuturnity (di-u-ter'nj-ti), n. [= Sp. diutur- 
nidad = Pg. diu'turnidade = It. diuturnitd, < L. 
diuturnita(t-)s, length of time, < diuturnus, of 
long duration : see diu turnal. ] Length of time ; 
long duration. [Rare.] 
What prince can promise such diuturnity unto his rel- 
ics 1 Sir T. Browne, Urn-burial, v. 
div (div), v. [So., developed from a peculiar 
pronunciation (du) of do.] A Scotch form of 
do 1 , auxiliary. 
And div ye think . . . that my man and my sons are to 
gae to the sea in weather like yestreen and the day, and 
get naething for their fish 1 Scott, Antiquary, xi. 
-div. See -dib. 
diva (de'va), n. [It. diva, a goddess, < L. diva, 
a goddess, fern, of divus, a god, divine: see 
deity, divine.] Aprimadouna; a distinguished 
female singer. 
divagation (dl-va-ga'shon), n. [= F. divaga- 
tion = Sp. divagacion = Pg. divagaySo, < L. as 
if *divagatio(n-), < divagari, wander about, < di- 
for dis-, in different directions, + vagari, wan- 
der, < vagus, wandering: see vague, vagabond.] 
A wandering ; deviation ; digression. 
Let us be set down at Queen's Crawley without further 
divagation, and see how Miss Rebecca Sharp speeds there. 
Thackeray, Vanity Fair. 
When we admit this personal element into our divaga- 
diyaguely (di-vag'li), adv. [An absurd com- 
bination, as if < "divague, L. divagari, wander 
(see divagation), + -ly%, after E. vaguely.] Wan- 
deringly ; in an aimless and uncertain manner. 
[Bare.] 
They drifted divaguely over the great pacific ocean of 
feminine logic. C. Reade, Art, p. 1. 
divalent (di'va- or div'a-lent), a. [< Gr. 61- for 
<5/f, twice, + L. valen(t-)s, having power; cf. 
bivalent, the preferable form.] In chem., having 
power to combine with two monovalent atoms. 
Thus, the oxygen atom and the radical CH 2 are 
divalent. 
dive 
divaporation (dl-vap-o-ra'shon), n. [< L. di- 
for dis-, apart, + vaporatio(n-)" a steaming, etc., 
< vaporare, steam, emit vapor, < vapor, steam, 
vapor: see vapor, and cf. evaporation.] The 
driving out of vapors by heat. 
divaporization (di-vap"o-ri-za'shon), . [< L. 
di- + E. vaporization. Cf. evaporization.] Same 
as divaporation. 
divaricate (di-var'i-kat), v. ; pret. and pp. di- 
varicated, ppr. divaricating. [< L. divaricatus, 
pp. of divaricare (> It. divaricare), spread apart, 
< di- for dis-, apart, + varicare, spread apart, 
straddle, < varicus, straddling, < varus, bent, 
stretched outward.] I. intrans. 1. To spread 
or move apart ; branch off; turn away or aside ; 
diverge: with from: as, to divaricate from the 
will of God. 
The men of this age are divided principally into two 
great classes, which divaricate widely in the direction of 
their desires. Gladstone, Might of Right, p. 241. 
We infer then that all the languages in question are the 
divaricated representatives of a single tongue. 
Whitney, Life and Growth of Lang., p. 174. 
Specifically 2. In bot. m&zool., to branch oft 
at an obtuse angle ; diverge widely. 
II. trans. To divide into branches ; cause to 
diverge or branch apart. 
Nerves curiously divaricated about the tongue and 
mouth to receive the impressions of every gusto. 
Derham, Physico-Theology, iv. 5. 
divaricate (di-var'i-kat), a. [< L. divaricatus, 
pp.: see the verb.] 1. In bot., branching off, 
as from a stem or axis, at or almost at a right 
angle; widely divergent. 2. In zool, diver- 
gent at any considerable angle ; standing off 
or apart from one another ; spreading away, as 
two parts of something; forked or forficate: 
specifically applied to the wings of insects 
when they are incumbent on the body in re- 
pose, but spreading apart toward their tips. 
divaricated (dl-var'i-ka-ted), p. a. Same as 
divaricate, a. 
divaricately (di-var'i-kat-li), adv. In a divari- 
cate manner ; with divarication. 
divarication (di-var-i-ka'shon), n. [= F. di- 
varication = It. divaricazione, < L. "divarica- 
tio(n-), < divaricare, spread apart: see divari- 
cate.] 1. The act of branching off or diverging; 
separation into branches ; a parting, as from a 
main stem or stock. 
diurnalness (di-er'nal-nes), n. The quality of 
being diurnal. 
diurnation fdl-er-na'shon), n. [< L. diurnus, 
aily, + E. -ation; cf. hibernation.] The qui- 
escent or somnolent state of some animals, as 
the bat, during the day, as contrasted with their 
activity at night. Marshall Hall. 
diurnet, . See diitrn. 
i 1 . Sp. Pg. divan = It. divano, divan, = D. G. 
Dan. Sw. divan, < Turk. Ar. diwdn, Pers. divan, 
diwdn, a council, a court of justice or of rev- 
enue, a minister, esp. a minister or officer of 
revenue (hence Anglo-Ind. dewan, q. v., and ult. 
F. douane, customs), a council-chamber, also 
a collection of writings, a book, account-book, 
register, album, also (in Ar.) a kind of sofa.] 
1 . A council, especially a council of state ; spe- 
cifically, in Turkey, the chief or privy council 
of the Porte, presided over by the grand vizir 
and made up of the ministers and heads of de- 
partments. It meets twice a week. 
It is said that the Pasha must confirm such a person as 
is agreeable to the Divan and country [Egypt]. 
Pococke, Description of the East, I. 162. 
The Abbaside caliphs had a "Divan of Oppression " 
which inquired into charges of tyranny against officers of 
state - Encyc. Brit., VII. 292. 
2. A council-chamber; a hall; a court; astate- 
or reception-room in palaces and the houses of 
richer citizens. 
The divan in which we sat was brightly coloured in ara- 
besquethe ceiling being particularly rich. 
W. a. Russell, Diary in India, II. 246. 
3. A kind of coffee-house where smoking to- 
bacco is the principal enjoyment. 4. A cush- 
ioned seat standing against the wall of a room ; 
a kind of sofa : a sense derived by transfer from 
that of 'council-chamber' or 'tall' (def. 2) as 
furnished with low sofas, covered with rich car- 
pets, and provided with many cushions. 
The only signs of furniture in the sitting-room are a 
diwan round the sides and a carpet in the centre 
(The diwan is a line of flat cushions ranged round the 
room, either placed upon the ground, or on wooden 
benches, or on a step of masonry, varying in height accord- 
ing to the fashion of the day. Cotton-stuffed pillows, cov- 
ed with chintz forsummer and silk forwinter, are placed 
against the wall, and can be moved to make a luxurious 
R. F. Burton, El-Medinah, p. 188. 
5. A book, especially a collection of poems by 
a single author: as, the divan of Sadi. 
Many Diwdns, or complete editions of the works of 
poets, have come down to us. Encyc. Brit., XVI. 695. 
[Used with reference to the Turks, Arabs, Persians, and 
other Orientals ; in sense 4 also (in the form divan only) 
used in a general application.] 
lie government of external circumstances, its vari- 
ation in space, its divarication into dialects. 
Whitney, Life and Growth of Lang., p. 162. 
2. Specifically, in bot. and zool., a crossing or 
intersection of fibers at different angles: in 
entom., applied to the parting of the veins or 
neryures of the wings. 3f. A divergence or 
division in opinion ; ambiguity. 
To take away all doubt, or any probable divarication, 
the curse is plainly specified. 
Sir T. Browie, Vulg. Err., vi. 11. 
divaricator (di-var'i-ka-tor), n. [< NL. divari- 
cator, < L. divaricare, pp. divaricatiis, spread 
apart: see divaricate.] That which divaricates, 
as a muscle which causes parts to separate or 
recede from each other; something divellent. 
Specifically (o) In Brachiopoda, a considerable muscle 
which opens the valves of the shell. See cut under Wald- 
heimia. ((>) In Polyzoa, a small muscle which opens the 
jaws of an avicularium. 
Muscles pass . . . and doubtless act as divaricators of 
the wall of the sac. Huxley. 
dive (div), v.; pret. dived, sometimes dove, pp. 
dived, ppr. diving. [Early mod. E. also dyve; 
< ME. diven, dyven, deven, duven (pret. "difde, 
defde), < AS. dyfan (weak verb, pret. dyfde) (= 
Icel. dyfa), dip, immerse, causal of dufan (strong 
verb, pret. deaf, pi. dufon, pp. dofen; early 
ME. duven, pret. def, deaf), dive, sink, pene- 
trate (in comp. ge-dufan, dive, be-dufan, cover 
with water, submerge (= OLG. bediruen, be 
covered with water, LG. bedaven, pp. covered, 
esp. with water), thurh-dufan, dive through, 
etc.). Perhaps ult. connected with dip, q. v. 
The mod. pret. is prop, dived, but the pret. dove, 
after the assumed analogy of drove from drive 
(cf. strove for earlier strh-ed, pret. of strive), 
is common in colloquial speech, and is found 
in good literary use.] I. intrans. 1. To de- 
scend or plunge head first into water; thrust 
the body suddenly into water or other fluid; 
plunge deeply : as, to dire for shells. 
Provide me (Lord) of Steers-man, Star, and Boat, 
That through the vast Seas I may safely float : 
Or rather teach me di/ue, that I may view 
Deep vnder water all the Scaly crew. 
Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, i. 6. 
