doldrums 
Now. tins. HIV the' very month* when the equatorial 
calm>, "i /"/</. -Kitix, arc tartlirst north (if thu equator 
Seienrr, III. 41. 
dole 1 (dol), ii. [< ME. dole, (lol, earlier dale, 
dill, < AS. ilnl, u division, a part, ge-ildl, divi- 
sion ; the same as the more common umlauted 
form. AS. diet, ME. <lcl, E. deal 1 , a part, etc.: 
see deal 1 .] 1. A part apportioned or divided 
out; portion; share; lot; fortune: same as deal 1 , 
1. [Now only poetical. ] 
For vrthely herte myjt not suffyse 
To the lenthc "'',/, of thu gladnea glade. 
Mlttrnilii;- /v,,/i.-(i-il. Munis), I. !:!. 
And crimeii were act to sale, and hard his ilule 
Who could not bribe u passage to the skies. 
Bi-yant, The Ages. 
Flatter im- not. for hath not our great Queen 
My dolt of lieuuty trebled? 
Ti iiu'tnuu, Last Tournament. 
2. In mining, one of the shares or parts into 
which a parcel of ore is divided for distribution 
among the various persons to whom it belongs. 
[Corn wall, Eng.] 3. A portion of money, food, 
or other things distributed in charity ; what is 
given in charity ; alms ; gratuity. 
To greden after lioddls men [cry for the friars] when ;e 
delen dolt*. Pier* Plowman (B), ill. 71. 
Alms are dole* uud largesses to the necessitous and 
calamitous people. Jer. Taylor, Holy Living, iv. 8. 
Doles were used at Funerals, as we learn from St. C'hry- 
sostom, to procure Rest to the Soul of the Deceased, and 
that he might thul his Judge propitious. 
Bourne's Pop. Antiq. (1777), p. 3. 
Let me . . . 
Walk your dim cloister, and distribute dole 
To poor sick people. Tennyson, Guinevere. 
4f. The act of dealing out or distributing: as, 
the power of dole and donative. 
It was your presurmise, 
That in the dole of blows your son might drop. 
Shot., 2 Hen. IV., 1. 1. 
Others whom mere ambition fires, and dole 
Of provinces abroad, which they have feigned 
To their crude hopes, and I as amply promised. 
/,'. Jonson, Catiline, 1. 1. 
Happy man be his dole t, his dole or lot In life be that 
of a happy man : a proverbial expression. 
If it be my luck, so ; if not, happi/ man be his dole .' 
Shale., M. W. of W., 111. 4. 
Let every man beg his own way, and hapity tnan be his 
dole I Beau, and /'/., Wit at Several Weapons, i. 1. 
dole 1 (dol), v. t.; pret. and pp. doled, ppr. dol- 
ing. [< dole 1 , n. ; ult. the same as deal 1 , .] To 
give in portions or small quantities, as alms to 
the poor ; apportion ; distribute ; deal : common- 
ly with out : often implying that what is distrib- 
uted is limited in quantity or is given grudg- 
ingly. 
The supercilious condescension with which even his re- 
puted friends doled out their praises to him. De Quincey. 
Some poor keeper of a school 
Whose business is to sit thro' summer mouths 
And dole out children's leave to go and play. 
Broicnintf, In a Balcony. 
dole 2 (dol), n. [Also dial. (Sc.) dool, dule, dill, 
< ME. dol, doel, domic, duel, deol, < OF. dol, doel, 
duel, F. deitil (= Pr. dol = Sp. duelo = Pg. (obs.) 
doilo = It. duolo), mourning, grief, verbal n. of 
OF. doloir, F. douloir = Pr. Sp. doler = Pg. 
doer = It. dolcre, < L. dolere, feel pain, grieve. 
Hence also (from L. dolere) tilt. E. dolent, do- 
lor, condole.'] 1. Grief; sorrow; lamentation; 
mourning. [Now only poetical.] 
She yede anoou to the holy mutt that hadde taught hir 
the right creaunce, full hevy and ]H-nsif, mukynge grete 
doell and sorow. Merlin (E. E. T. S.), i. 7. 
/'"</. endurand nyght and day. York I'laya, p. 30. 
Till on a daye It so beffell 
Great dill to him was dight. 
Sir Cauline (Child's Ballads, III. 174). 
And drest In dole, bewailde hir death. 
Uaxcoiytic, Philomene (ed. Arber), p. 101. 
She died, 
So that day there was dole in Astolat 
Tennyson, Lancelot and Elaine. 
Specifically 2. The moaning of doves. 3. In 
falconry, a flock of turtle-doves. 
dole 3 (dol) . [= F. dol = Pr. dol = Sp. Pg. 
It. dolo, < L. dnlux, artifice, wile, guile, deceit, 
fraud, < Gr. doAof, a bait, a cunning artifice, 
wile, guile, deceit, akin to dtfaa/y, also (ScAof, 
a bait.] In Scotx law, malevolent intention; 
malice. 
There can In- no piii)H-r crime without the ingredient of 
</' Jirskine's institutes, IV. iv. ft. 
dole 4 (dol), n. [Also E. dial, dool, dou-l, Sc. also 
iliMil, ilnlc, the goal in a game, dule, a boundary, 
landmark, = D. doel, neut., the mark, butt, 
mound of earth used as a butt, in archery; of. 
duel, in., the place where the armed borgewea 
used to assemble. The sense 'mound of earth' 
1723 
in correlative to that of MHG. G. dole, a canal, 
< OHG. dola, an underground drain, entrance to 
a mine, etc. Cf. Icel. da-la, a groove or trough, 
=Norw. dula, a trough, channel, a little st ream, 
etc. (T. iti>li"'.\ If. A boundary ; a landmark. 
Accursed lie he ... who removi-th his neighbour 's<M.-< 
or murks. Homilies, II., Exhortation for liogation \N < <-k. 
2. The goal in a game. 3. A strip of land left 
unplowed between two plowed portions; a 
broad balk. [Prov. Eng.J 4. A part or por- 
tion of a meadow in which several persons have 
shares. See dole-meadtw. [Prov. Eng.] 
dole 5 (dol), n. [E. dial., also doted; cf. Norw. 
dol. a little dale, a meadow-lot near the house, 
= Icel. dol, dtel, a little dale, < Norw. dal = 
Icel. dalr = E. dale : see dote*. Cf . dole*.] A 
low flat place. HaUiwell. [West. Eng.] 
dole-bagt (dol'bag), n. A. bag formerly worn 
by an official charged with the distribution of 
alms, especially one worn on stated occasions 
as a badge of office. [Eng.] 
dole-beert (dol'ber), n. Beer given as a dole 
or in alms. 
I know, yo' were one, could keepe 
The buttry-hatch still lock'd, and save the chippings, 
Sell the dole-beere to aqua-viUc-mtn. 
/;. Jonson, Alchemist, i. 1. 
dole-breadt (dol'bred ), n. Bread given as a dole, 
or in alms; especially, bread begged on All 
Saints' Day. 
Paind'aumome (F.]. Dole-bread. Xomenclator. 
dole-fish (dol'fish), n. 1. In Great Britain, the 
portion of fish that falls to each of several fish- 
ermen who work in company. 2. The common 
cod: formerly so called by the fishermen in the 
North Sea, because they took their pay or dole 
in this kind of fish. 
doleful (dol'ful), a. [< ME. doleful, dolful, dul- 
full, daelful, etc.; < dole* + -ful.] 1. Full of 
dole or grief ; sorrowful. 
How oft my doleful sire cry'd to me, tarry, son, 
When first he spied my love. Sir P. Sidney. 
2. Expressing or causing grief ; of a mournful 
or dismal character ; gloomy : as, a doleful 
whine ; a doleful cry. 
All crysten men that walke me by, 
Be-hold and se this dulfv.ll syjlit. 
Political Poems, etc. (ed. Kurnivall), p. 93. 
She, poor bird, as all forlorn. 
Lean d her breast up till a thorn, 
And there sung the dolefull'st ditty. 
Shak., Pass. Pilgrim, xxi. 
Regions of sorrow, doleful shades, where peace 
And rest can never dwell. Milton, P. L., i. 65. 
3f. Crafty; cunning; wily, ilinsheu. 
He . . . hadde wele ganiysshed alle the forteresses of his 
londe that noon ne myght not gretly forfete, and thel were 
so doilfull that the sarazins so distroied the londe as ye 
bane herde. Merlin (E. E. T. S.), ii. 19-2. 
= Syn. 1 and 2. Mournful, woeful, rueful, lugubrious, dol- 
orous, piteous, cheerless. 
dolefully (dol'ful-i), adv. [< ME. dolfullij dul- 
fulli, dcolfulliche, delfulliche, etc.; < doleful + 
-fy 2 .] In a doleful manner ; sorrowfully ; dis- 
mally; sadly. 
God sente to Saul by Samuel the prophete, 
That Agag of Amalek and al hus lyge puple 
Sholde deye delfulliche for dedes of here eldreu. 
Piers Plomnan (C), iv. 419. 
dolefulness (dol'ful-nes), . The character of 
being doleful ; melancholy ; gloominess ; dis- 
malness. Bailey, 1727. 
dole-meadow (dol'med'o), . A meadow in 
which several persons have shares, the portion 
of each being marked by doles or balks. [Prov. 
Eng.] 
dolent (do'lent), a. [< ME. dolent = OF. doletit, 
doleant, F. aolent= Sp. doliente = Pg. docnte = 
It. dolente, < L. dolen(t~)s, ppr. of dolere, grieve, 
sorrow: see dole 2 .] Grieving; fidl of grief; 
sorrowful. [Obsolete or poetical.] 
Whan Adragain saugh his felow fallen, it was no nede to 
aske yet he wen- dolent. Merlin (E. E. T. S.), ii. 331. 
lint. The king is angry. 
Crate. And the passionate duke 
Effeminately dolent. Ford, Perkin Warbeck, iii. 4. 
Through me the way is to the city dolent. 
Longfellow, tr. of Dante's Inferno, iii. 1. 
dolert, H. An obsolete spelling of dollar. 
dolerite (dol'e-rit), w. [= F. dolerite, < Gr. oW.t- 
/xif, deceptive, < d<ttof, deceit: see dole 3 .] A 
name given by Hatty to a rock of the basalt fam- 
ily, called by some a basaltic greenstone, the 
deception implied in the name referring to the 
difficulty of distinguishing the rock from other 
varieties also designated as greenstone. As lim- 
ited at the present time, dolerite includes the coarser- 
grained vurit-t it-sot tuu-alt. in which the component miner- 
als can be detected by the nuked eye. See basalt andyr/i- 
stone. 
Dolichonyx 
doleritic (dol-e-rit'ik), a. [< dolerite + -ic.] 
Consisting of or like dolerite : as, doleritic lava. 
dolerophanite (dol-e-rof'a-nit), n. [< Gr. ioh- 
. deceptive, + -^aw/f, appearing, < QaivtaOat, 
appear.] A sulphate of copper occurring in 
small brown moiioclinic crystals at Vesuvius. 
dolesome (dol'sum), a. [< dole'* + -gome.] Dole- 
ful; gloomy; dismal; sorrowful. 
The dolesotite passage to tli' infernal aky. 
Pope, Odyssey. 
dolesomely (dol'sum-li), adv. In a dolesome 
manlier. K. D. 
dolesomeness (doTsurn-ues), //. Gloom; dis- 
maluess. 
If the exceeding glory of heaven cannot countervaile the 
dolesoinnesne of the grave, what doe I bcleeving V 
/;/-. Hall, Meditation of Death. 
dolesst (d6'les), a. [< do 2 , ., + -less ; var. of 
dowlfsx.] Shiftless; good-for-nothing. Jamie- 
son. [Scotch.] 
dolestone (dol'ston), //. A landmark : same as 
dole*, 1. [Prov. Eng.] 
dolfint, n. An obsolete spelling of dolphin. 
clolia, . Plural of dolium. 
doli capax (do'll ka'paks). [L. : <inli, gen. of 
dolus, guile (see dole 3 ) ; capai, capable (see <- 
paciou-n).] In law, literally, capable of criminal 
intention ; hence, of sufficient age to distinguish 
between right and wrong. At common law a child 
between 7 and 14 is presumptively doli incapax, but may 
be proved to be doli capax. The limit is modified by mod- 
ern statutes in some jurisdictions, as in New York by the 
Mibslitnt ion of 12 for 14. 
Dolichidset (do-lik'i-de), n. pi. [NL. (Brulle, 
1838), < Dolicktu + -ida:] A family of ground- 
beetles, typified by the genus Doliclius. 
dolichocepnali (dol*i-ko-sef'a-li), n. pi. [NL., 
pi. of dolichocephalus : see dolicliocciihaloux.] In 
ethnol., those people whose cephalic index is 
below 75, and who are consequently dolicho- 
cephalic. 
dolicllocepnalic(dol"i-ko-sef'a-likor-8e-farik), 
a. [As dolicliocei>hal-ous + -ic.] Long-headed; 
pertaining to a long head: as, a dolichocephalic 
person or race ; 9. dolichocephalic fisxiA. This word 
is applied in ethnology to the persons or races having 
skulls the diameter of which from side to side, or the 
transverse diameter, is small in comparison with the lon- 
gitudinal diameter, or that from front to back. The \Vest 
African negro presents an example of the dolichocephalic 
skull. Broca applies the term dolichocephalic to skulls 
having a cephalic index of 75 and under, and this limit is 
generally adopted. Compare brachycephalic. Also doli- 
chocephattnix. 
dolichocephalism (dol*i-ko-sef 'a-lizm), n. [As 
dolichocephdl-oua + -ism.] In etlniol., the qual- 
ity, state, or condition of being dolichocephalic. 
The Esquimaux are long-headed, and are allied by lan- 
guage and customs to the Kutchin and other races of 
North America, who are of good bodily development ; so 
that the imagined resemblance to them would not neces- 
sarily militate against the stature or dolichocephalism of 
the European aborigines. 
Dairson, Nature and the Bible, p. 243. 
dolichocephalous (dol'i-ko-sef'a-lus), a. [< 
NL. dolicnorei>halus,(. Gr. 6oXix6f, long, 4- KtQa'/.f/, 
head.] Long-headed: same as dolichocephalic. 
The prevailing form of the negro head Is dolichocepha- 
lous. Quoted ill Pop. Sci. Ho., XIII. 600. 
dolichocephaly (dol'i-ko-sef'a-li), n. [As doli- 
ehocephal-ous + -# 3 .] Same a&dolichocephalinni. 
The existing cranial types most nearly approaching this 
are those of the Australians and Bushnmns, but their doli- 
chocephaly is equalled by that of the Mongoloid Eskimo. 
N. A. Ret., CXXXIX. 251. 
Dolichocera (dol-i-kos'e-ra), n. pi. [NL., < 
Gr. (So^i^of, long, + icepaf, norn.] In Latreille's 
system of classification, a subtribe of Muxcides, 
including species of the genus Tetanocera and 
its immediate allies. 
Dolichoderus (dol-i-kod'e-rus), . [NL. (Lund, 
1831), < Gr. 6oh x 6c,, long, "+ 6epti, Attic for fctpt/, 
the neck.] 1. A genus of ants, of the family 
Formicida; confined to the new world. Four 
species are found in North America and several in South 
America, characterized by the cubical metathorax, the 
horizontal, nearly flat face and wings, and the females 
with two complete submarginal cells. D. pustulatus in- 
habits the eastern United States. 
2. A genus of beetles, of the family Tenebri- 
onidte, founded by Castelnau in 1840. It con- 
tains 3 species onlyi all from Madagascar. 
dolichodirous (dol'i-ko-di'rus), a. [< Gr. S 
xMeipof. long-necked, < oWjjcif, long, 
the neck.] Long-necked. 
Dolichonyz (do-lik'o-niks), n. [NL., < Gr. 60- 
//jor, long, 4- owf , nail.] A genus of Ameri- 
can oscine passerine birds, of the family Icteri- 
dtf, having a conical bill and general fringilline 
aspect, acute tail-feathers, and comparatively 
long curved claws, whence the name. The type 
