dump 
7. The pile of matter HO deposited ; specifically, 
the pile of refuse rock around the mouth of a 
shaft or adit-level. [U. S.J 8. A nail. See 
the extract. [Eng.] 
Nails of mixed metal being termed dmnpt. 
Thearle, Naval Arch., S 21. 
dump- 1 (dump). 11. [Cf. Norw. dump, a pit, 
pool, also the bottom of a carriage or sleigh ; 
LG. dumpfel, tiimpfel, an eddy, a deep place in 
a lake or sirriim, orig. a place that "plunges" 
down ; ult. from the verb represented by <////-', 
.] A deep hole filled with water. Grose, [Prov. 
KM-. | 
dumpage (ilum'paj), . [< dump? + -age.'] 1. 
The privilege of dumping loads from carts, 
trucks, et., on a particular spot. [U. 8.] 2. 
The fee paid for such privilege. fU. 8.] 
dump-bolt (dump'bolt), . In shtp-building, a 
short bolt used to hold planks temporarily. 
dump-car (domp'kB*), n. A dumping-car. 
dump-cart (dump'kiirt), n. Same as tip-cart. 
dumper (dnm'per), n. One who or that which 
dumps ; specifically, a tip-cart. [U. S.] Double 
dumper, u cart or wagon the furin of which is like that 
of a tip-cart, except that the neap contains a seat for the 
driver in the rear of the forward axle. [U. S.J 
dumping-bucket (dum'ping-buk'et), . See 
bucki t. 
dumping-car (dum'ping-kiir), n. A truck-car 
the body of which can be turned partly over to 
be emptied. [U. S.] 
dumping-cart (dum'ping-kart), n. A cart 
whose body can be tilted to discharge its con- 
tents. [U. S.] 
dumping-ground (dum'ping-ground), n. A 
piece of ground or a lot where earth, offal, rub- 
bish, etc., are emptied from carts; a dump. 
[U. S.] 
dumpish (dum'pish), a. [< dump* + -ish 1 .] 
Dull ; stupid ; morose ; melancholy ; depressed 
in spirits. 
Sir knight, why ride ye dumpish thus behind ? 
Spenser, F. Q., IV. 11. 5. 
The life which I live at this age is not a dead, dumpish, 
and sour life ; but chearful, lively, and pleasant. 
Lord Herbert, Memoirs. 
She will either be dumpish or unnelghbourly, or talk of 
uch matters as uo wise body can abide. 
Bunyan, Pilgrim's Progress, p. 237. 
dumpishly (dum'pish-li), adv. In a dull, mop- 
ing, or morose manner. Bp. Hall. 
dumpishness (dum'pish-nes), n. The state of 
being dull, moping, or morose. 
The duke demaundid of him what should signifle that 
dumptehties of mynde. Hall, Edw. IV., an. 15. 
dumple (dum'pl), v. t. ; pret. and pp. dumpled, 
ppr. dumpling. [Appar. freq. of dump%, v. ] To 
fold; bend; double. Scott. 
dumpling (dump'ling), n. [< <famp a , ., 2, + 
dim. -ling."] 1. A kind of pudding or mass of 
boiled paste, or a wrapping of paste in which 
fruit is boiled. 
Our honest neighbour's goose and dumplings were fine. 
Goldsmith, Vicar, x. 
2. A dwarf. [Prov. Eng.] scotch dumpling, 
the stomach of a cod, stuffed with chopped cod-liver ana 
corn-meal, and boiled. 
dumpling-duck, n. See ducW. 
dumpy 1 (dum'pi), a. [< dump 1 + -yl.] Dump- 
ish; sad; sulky. [Eare.] 
The sweet, courteous, amiable, and good-natured Satur- 
day Keview has dumpy misgivings upon the same point. 
New York Tritnme. 
dumpy- (dum'pi), a. and n. [< dump 1 *, n., + 
-y 1 -} I. a. Short and thick ; squat. 
Her stature tall I hate a dumpy woman. 
Byron, Dou Juan, 1. Gl. 
He had a round head, snugly-trimmed beard slightly 
dashed witli gray, was short and a trifle stout King 
thought, dumpy. C. D. Warner, Their Pilgrimage, p. 185. 
II. . ; pi. dumpies (-piz). 1. A specimen of 
a breed of the domestic hen in which the bones 
of the legs are remarkably short. Also called 
<,< i per. 2. Same as dumpy-level. 
dumpy-level (dum'pi-lev'el), . A form of 
spirit-level much used in England, especially 
for rough aud rapid work. Its superiority consists 
principally in its lUnpllcUy and compactness. The tele- 
scope is of short focal length, whence the name dumi"/- 
lrn-1, or simply iliim/ii/, as it ia frequently called. It is 
also called the Vravatt level, after the name of the in- 
\vntor. Ill the dumpy the level is placed upon the tele- 
scope (n. .t under it, as in the Y-levcl), and is fastened at 
one enil \\ith a liin^e. ami at the other with a capstan- 
he:l'leil screw. Sec }'! n t. 
dumreicherite (dom'ri-chor-it), . [Named 
after Baron von Ditiimichcr of Lisbon.] A hy- 
drous sulphate of magnesium and aluminium, 
related to the alums, found in the volcanic 
rocks of the Cape Verd islands. 
1797 
dun 1 (dun), a. and n. [< ME. dunne, domic, ilmt, 
< AS. dun, dunn, < W. dim, dun, dusky, swarthy, 
= Ir. and Gael, donn, dun, brown. Not related 
to G. dtinkel, dark. Hence dunling, duini"<-l . 
ilmikcy.] I, a. 1. Of a color partaking of brown 
and black ; of a dull-brown color; swarthy. 
And shote at the donne dere 
As I am wont to done. 
I.iitrll Gette o/Robyn II ode (Child's Ballads, IV. 266). 
My mistress' eyea are nothing like the tun ; 
Coral is far more red than her lips' red ; 
If snow be white, why then her breasta are dun. 
Shak., Sonnets, cxxx. 
They [sea-lions] hare no hair on their bodies like the 
seal ; they are of a dun colour, and are all extraordinary 
fat. Dampier, Voyages, an. 1683. 
And deer-skins, dappled, dun, and white. 
Scott, I., of the I.., t. 27. 
2. Dark; gloomy. 
"O is this water deep," he said, 
"As It is wondrous dun ? " 
Sir Rotand (Child's Ballads, I. 220). 
He then survey'd 
Hell and the gulf Iwtween, and Satan there 
Coasting the wall of heaven on this side night 
In the dun air sublime. Milton, P. L, ill. 72. 
Fallow-dun, a shade between cream-color and reddish 
brown, which graduates Into light hay or light chestnut. 
Darwin. Mouse-dun, lead- or slate-color which gradu- 
ates Into an ash-color. 
II. n. A familiar name for an old horse or 
jade : used as a quasi-proper name (like doblrin). 
Dun In the mire, a proverbial phrase used to denote 
an embarrassed or straitened position. 
Syr, what Dunne is in the mire t 
Chaucer, Manciple's Tale, Prol. 
dun 1 (dun), r. ; pret. and pp. dunned, ppr. dun- 
ning. [< ME. dunnen, donnen, make of a dun 
color, < AS. iiiniiiiiin. darken, obscure (as the 
moon does the stars), < dun, dunn, dark, dun : 
see dun 1 , a.] I. trans. 1. To make of a dun or 
dull-brown color. 
It'iuiiiifl of colour, subnlger. Prompt. Pare., p. 135. 
I sail yow gyffe twa gud grewhundes 
Are donned als any doo [doe). 
MS. in Halliwell, p. 310. 
Especially 2. To cure, as cod, in such a man- 
ner as to impart a dun or brown color. See 
dunjish. [New Eug.] 
The process of dunning, which made the [ Isles of] Shoals 
tisli BO famous a century ago, Is almost a lost art, though 
the chief fisherman at Star still dum a few yearly. 
Celia Thaxter, Isles of Shoals, p. 83. 
II. intrans. To become of a dun color. 
Thin hew [hue] dutinet. 
Political Poems, etc. (ed. Furnivall), p. 221. 
dun 2 (dun), v. ; pret. and pp. dunned, ppr. dun- 
ning. [< ME. dunnen, make a loud noise (ver- 
bal n. dunning, a loud noise), var. of dynnen, 
dynning, dinnen, etc., earlier ME. durtien, < AS. 
dynian, make a din. .Dim 2 is thus another form 
of din, r. Cf. dunt = dint, dulft = dilP, etc. The 
use of the word as in II. is modern, and may 
be of other origin.] I.f intrans. To make a 
loud noise ; din. 
EC. trans. To demand payment of a debt 
from ; press or urge for payment or for fulfil- 
ment of an obligation of any kind. 
I scorn to push a lodger for his pay ; so I let day after 
day pass on without dunning the old gentleman for a far- 
thing, li-rhi't, Knickerbocker, p. 19. 
dun 2 (dun), n. [< dun 2 , v.] 1. One who duns ; 
an importunate creditor, or an agent employed 
to collect debts. 
It grieves my heart to be pulled by the sleeve by some 
rascally dun, "Sir, remember my bill." 
Arbuthnot, Hist. John Bull. 
Has his distresses too, I warrant, like a lord, and affects 
creditors and duns. Sheridan, School for Scandal, ill. 2. 
2. A demand for the payment of a debt, espe- 
cially a written one; a dunning-letter : as, to 
send one's debtor a dun. 
dun 3 (dun; AS. and Ir. pron. d8n), . [Of Cel- 
tic origin ; Ir. dun = Gael, dun, a hill, fort, town, 
W. dire, a hill-fort ; > AS. dun. E. don?l, a hill: 
seerfoirni.] A hill; a mound; a fortified emi- 
nence. This word enters into the composition of many 
place-names in Great Britain, frequently under the modi- 
fied forms (Him-, don-, -don (as well as down, which see) : as, 
Ditnstable, Dunmow, Dundee, Dunbar, .Dumfries, Dum- 
barton, Doncaster, Donegal, etc. 
The Dim was of the same form as the Rath, but consist- 
ing of at least two concentric circular mounds or walls, 
with a deep trench full of water between them. They 
were often encircled by a third, or even by a greater num- 
lierof walls, at increasing distances; but this circumstance 
made no alteration in the form or in the signification of 
the name. <t't'it,-ry, Anc. Irish, II. xix. 
dunbird(dun'berd), H. 1. The common pochard 
or red-headed duck, Fuliijiiln frrina. 2. The 
ruddy duck. Erinnintura r'ubida. \uttall, 1834. 
3. The female scaup duck, Fuligula mania. 
[Essex, Eng.] 
dunche-down 
duncan(dung'kan), H. A half-grown cod. GOT- 
dun, [Scotch (Moray Frith).] 
dunce (duns), n. [Early mod. E. also dunse, 
ilmiK, Duns O G. Duns), orig. in the phrase 
Duns man, Duns-man, that is, a follower of 
Duns (also written Dunse, Dunce), whose full 
name was John Duns Scotus, a celebrated scho- 
lastic theologian, called the "Subtle Doctor." 
He died in 1308. His followers, called ScHtmix, 
held control of the universities till the reforma- 
tion set in, when the reformers and humanists, 
regarding them as obstinate opponents of 
sound learning and of progress, and their phi- 
losophy as sophistical and barren, applied the 
term Duns man, which at first meant simply a 
Scotist, to any caviling, sophistical opponent; 
and so it came finally to mean any dull, obsti- 
nate person.] If. [cap.'] A disciple or fol- 
lower of John Duns Scotus (see etymology); 
a Dunce-man ; a Scotist. Tyndale. 
Scetitta lit.], a follower of Scotui, as we say a Dunce. 
Florio. 
Hence 2. A caviling, sophistical person; a 
senseless caviler. 
Whoso surpasseth others either in cavilling, sophistry, 
or subtle philosophy, is forthwith named a Dunt. 
Stanihurgt, in Hollnshed's Chron. (Ireland), p. 2. 
3. A dull-witted, stupid person ; a dolt ; an ig- 
noramus. 
What am I tetter 
For all my learning, if I love a dunce, 
A handsome dunce 1 to what use serves my reading? 
Fletcher, Wildgoose Chase, III. 1. 
Uraue clothes make dunces often seeme great clarkes. 
Cotgraoc (s. v./oi.). 
Or I'm a very Dunce, or Womankind 
Is a most unintelligible thing. 
CowUy, The Mistress, Women's Superstition. 
How much a dunce that has licen sent to roam 
Excels a dunce that has been kept at home. 
Coteper, Progress of Error, 1. 415. 
The interval between a man of talents and a dunce is as 
wide as ever. Macaulay, Lord Bacon. 
duncedom (duns'dum), n. [< dunce + -dam.] 
The domain of dunces; dunces in general. 
Carlyle. 
It [dignity] is at once the thinnest and moat effective of 
all the coverings under which duncedom sneaks aud skulk*. 
Whipple, Lit. and Life, p. 142. 
duncelyt, dunslyt (duns'li), adr. [< 7>wwce(def. 
1), Duns, + -/y 2 .] In the manner of a follower 
of Duns Scotus, or of Duns Scotus himself. 
He is wilfully wilted, Dunsly learned, Moorly affected, 
bold not a little, zealous more than enough. 
Latimer, Sermons and Remains, II. 374. 
Dunce-mant. Duns-mant (duns'man), n. [See 
dunce."] A disciple of Duns Scotus ; a Scotist; 
hence, a subtle or sophistical reasoner (see 
dunce, etymology). 
Now would Aristotle deny such s|>eakyng, & a Dun* 
man would make xx. distinctions. T>tn<lale, Works, p. 88. 
How thlnke you ? is not this a likely answere for a great 
doctour of diuinitie? for a great Dunt mant for so great 
a preacher ? Barnes, Works, p. 232. 
duncepoll(duns'pol), n. A dunce. [Prov. Eng.] 
Duncert, . [< Dunce, Duns (i. e., Duns Scotus : 
see dunce), + -er 1 .] A Dunce-man. Becon. 
duncery (dun'ser-i), n. [Formerly dunsery and 
dunstery ; < dunce + -ery.\ Dullness ; stupidity. 
Let every indignation make thee zealous, as the dunstery 
of the monks made Erasmus studious. 
S. Ward, Sermons, p. 83. 
The land had once infranchis'd her self from this imper- 
tinent yoke of prelaty, under whose fnquisitorius am I ty- 
rannical duncery no free and splendid wit can flourish. 
Milton, Church-Government, Pref., II. 
With the occasional duncery of some untoward tyro 
serving for a refreshing interlude. 
Lamb, Old and New Schoolmaster. 
dunce-table (duns'ta'bl), . An inferior table 
provided in some inns of court for the poorer 
or duller students. Dyce. [Eng.] 
A phlegmatic cold piece of stuff : his father, methinks, 
should be one of the dunce-table, and one that never drunk 
strong beer in 's life but at festival-times. 
Deklcer and Ford, Sun's Darling, v. 1. 
dunch 1 (dunch), \ t. or i. [Also written dunah ; 
< ME. dunchen, push, strike, < Sw. dunka, beat, 
throb, = Dan. dunke, thump, knock, throb, = 
Icel. dunJca (Haldorsen), give a hollow sound.] 
To push or jog, as with the elbow; nudge. 
[Scotch and prov. Eng.] 
"Ye needna be dunshin that gate [way], John," contin- 
ued the old lady; "naebody says that ye ken whar the 
brandy comes from." Scott, Old Mortality. 
dunch 2 (duneh), a. [Appar. a var. of dunce.] 
Deaf. Grose. [Prov. Eng.] 
dunche-downt, dunse-downt, [So called 
"bycauso the downe of this herbe will cause 
one to be deafe, if it happens to fall into the 
