egg-shell 
Ited upon and in among the fibers of the egg-pod or puta- 
men It is a secretion of a particular calcine tract ot tne 
oviduct near the end of that tube. It may be nearly col- 
orless and of such crystalline purity and translucency that 
the contents of the fresh egg show a pinkish blush through 
white ; whole-colored ol 
par- 
e conens o 
it or very heavy, opaque, tlaky white ; whole-color 
various tones, as green, blue, drab, ochrey, etc. ; or 
ty-colored in many shades of reds, browns, etc., in endless 
variety of patterns. Besides the evident diversity of char- 
acter in thickness, roughness, etc., the shell has many 
variations in microscopic texture, depending upon details 
of the deposition of the particles of lime in the pod. Ihe 
shell of an ostrich's egg is so thick and hard that it may se- 
riously wound a man if the egg explodes, as it sometimes 
does when addled, in consequence of the compression o 
the gases generated in decomposi tion. Egg-snell cnma, 
egg-shell porcelain, porcelain of extreme thinness and 
traiislucency. It was made originally in China and is 
now produced also in European factories, where the pro- 
cess consists in filling a mold of plaster of Paris with the 
material called barbotine, of which a thin film at once ad- 
heres to the mold from the absorption of its moisture by 
the gypsum The liquid barbotine being then thrown out 
and the mold put into the kiln, the film remaining in it is 
baked, andean then be removed from the mold. 
egg-Slice (eg'slis), n. A kitchen utensil for re- 
moving omelets or fried eggs from a pan. 
egg-spoon (eg'spon), n. A small spoon for eat- 
ing eggs from the shell. 
egg-syringe (eg'sir'inj), n. A small, light 
metal syringe for forcing a stream of water 
into an egg to empty it, or to wash the inside 
of the shell, for oological purposes. The best are 
made with a ring in the end of the piston large enough to 
insert the thumb, so that they can be worked with one 
hand while the other holds the egg. The nozle is fine, 
and may be variously curved. 
egg-tester (eg'tes"ter), . A device for exam- 
ining eggs by transmitted light to test their age 
and condition or the advancement of an embry- 
onic chick. It may be in the form of a dark lantern with 
an opening through which the egg is viewed, or of a box with 
perforated lid carrying the eggs, and a reflector below for 
throwing the light through them, or in the much simpler 
and more practical form of a conical tube, the egg being 
held toward the light against the orifice at the larger end 
and observed by means of an eye-hole in the smaller end. 
Also egg-lighter. 
egg-timer (eg'tl"mer), n. A sand-glass used 
for determining the time in boiling eggs. 
egg-tongs (eg'tongz), n. sing, and pi. Same as 
egg-forceps, 1. 
egg-tooth (eg'toth), . A hard point or process 
on the beak or snout of the embryo of an ovip- 
arous animal, as a bird or reptile, by means of 
which the rupture or breakage of the egg-shell 
may be facilitated. 
The embryos [of serpents] are provided with an egg- 
tooth a special development like that of the chick. 
Stand. Nat. Hist., III. 352. 
egg-trot (eg'trot), n. In the manege, a cautious 
fog-trot pace, like that of a housewife riding to 
market with eggs in her panniers. Also called 
eggwife-trot. 
egg-tube (eg'tub), n. In goal., a tubular organ 
in which ova are developed, or through which 
they are conveyed to or toward the exterior of 
the body ; an oviduct. 
The ovaries [in Lepidaptera] consist on either side of four 
very long many-chambered egg-tubes, which contain a great 
quantity of eggs. Clam, Zoology (trans.), p. 581. 
egg-urchin (eg'^'chin), n. A globular sea-ur- 
chin ; one of the echini proper, or regular sea- 
urchins, as distinguished from the flat ones 
known as cake-urchins, or the cordate ones 
called heart-urchins. 
Cggwife (eg'wif), n. A woman who sells eggs. 
Eggwife-trot. Same as egg-trot. 
eghet, " An obsolete variant of eye. Chaucer. 
egidos, n. pi. [Sp.] See ejido. 
egilopic, egilopical, etc. See cegilopic, etc. 
egis, . See cegis. 
eglandular (e-glan'du-lar), a. [< L. e- priv. + 
glandula, gland: see glandular.'] In biol., hav- 
ing no glands. 
eglandulose, eglandulous (e-glan'du-16s, -lus), 
a. [< L. e- priv. + glandula, gland: see glan- 
dulose.] Same as eglandular. 
eglantine (eg'lan-tin or -tin), n. [Early mod. 
E. also eglentine; first in the 16th century, < F. 
eglantine, *aiglantine, now eglantine (= Pr. aig- 
lentina), eglantine (cf. OF. aiglantin, adj., per- 
taining to the eglantine); with suffix -ine (E. 
4ne, L. -inns, fern, -ma), < OF. aiglant, aiglent, 
aglent = Pr. agutlcn, sweetbrier, hip-tree, < 
Li. *aculentits, an assumed form, lit. prickly, 
thorny, < aculeus, a sting, prickle, thorn, < acus, 
a point, needle : see aculeus, and cf. aglet] 1. 
The sweetbrier, Rosa rubiginosa. It flowers in 
June and July, and grows in dry, bushy places. 
When the lilly leafe, and the eglantine. 
Dotll bud and spring with a merry cheere. 
The KnUe Fisherman (Child's Ballads, V. 329). 
Sweet is the eglantine, but pricketh nere. 
Spenser, Sonnets, xxvi. 
1854 
The leaf of eglantine, whom not to slander, 
Outsweeten'd not thy breath. 
Shak., Cymbeline, iv. 2. 
2. The wild rose or dogrose, Rosa canina. 
Eglantine, cynorrodos. Levins, Manip. Vocab. (1570). 
To hear the lark begin his flight, . . . 
And at my window bid good morrow 
Through the sweet-briar or the vine 
Or the twisted eglantine. 
Milton, L' Allegro, 1. 48. 
Eglantine has sometimes been erroneously taken for the 
honeysuckle, and it seems more than probable that Milton 
so understood it, by his calling it " twisted." It not, he 
must have meant the wildrose. A ores. 
eglenteret, n. [ME., also eglentier (the form 
eqletere in Tennyson being a spurious mod. 
archaism) ; = MD. eghelentier, < OF. eglentier, 
eglenter, aiglantier, aglantier, esglanticr (cf. Pr. 
aiguilancier), the eglantine, prop, the bush or 
tree as distinguished from the flower; with 
suffix -ier (E. -er*, L. -arius), < aiglant, aiglent, 
aglant, the eglantine: see eglantine.] The 
sweetbrier; eglantine. 
He was lad into a gardin of Cayphas, and there he was 
cround with eglentier. Handeville, Travels, p. 14. 
The woodbine and egletere 
Uriujsweeter dews than traitor's tear. 
Tennyson, A Dirge. 
eglentinet, n. An obsolete spelling of eglan- 
tine. Minsheu. 
eglomeratet (e-glom'er-at), . t. ; pret. and pp. 
eglomerated, ppr. eglonierating. [< L. e, out,- + 
glomcratus, pp. of glomerare, wind up into a 
ball : see glomerate.'] To unwind, as a thread 
from a ball. Coles, 1717. 
egma (eg'ma), w. A humorous corruption of 
enigma. 
Arm. Some enigma, some riddle : come, thy 1'envoy ; 
begin. 
Cost. No egma, no riddle, no 1 envoy. 
Shale., L. L. L., in. 1. 
?0 (e'go), n. [< L. ego = Gr. iya = AS. ic, E. 
see /2.1 The "I"; that which feels, acts, 
J 1 / _ _ 1.* J 
and thinks; any person's "self," considered as 
essentially the same in all persons. This use of 
the word was introduced by Descartes, and has 
long been current in general literature. 
The ego as the subject of thought and knowledge, is now 
commonly styled by philosophers simply the subject, and 
sul ijective is a familiar expression for what pertains to the 
mind or thinking power. In contrast and correlation to 
these, the terms object and objective are now in use to 
denote the non-ego, its affections and properties, and, in 
general, the really existent as opposed to the ideally 
known. Sir W. Hamilton. 
For the ego without the non-ego is impossible in fact and 
meaningless in thought, and the abstraction of the ego 
from the bodily organisation and the intuition of itself by 
itself as a non-bodily entity is an artificial and deceptive 
process. Maudsley, Body and Will, p. 65. 
Absolute ego. See absolute. The empirical ego, the 
self as the object of itself ; what " I " am conscious of as 
"myself." The pure ego, the self regarded abstractly 
as the mere thinking subject, apart from every object of 
thought, even itself. 
ego-altruistic (e'go-al-tro-is'tik), a. Relating 
or pertaining to one's self and to others. See 
the extract. 
From the egotistic sentiments we pass now to the ego- 
altruistic sentiments. By this name I mean sentiments 
which, while implying self-gratification, also imply grati- 
fication in others ; the representation of this gratification 
in others being a source of pleasure not intrinsically, but 
because of ulterior benefits to self which experience asso- 
ciates with it. a. Spencer, Prin. of I'sychol., 519. 
egohood (e'go-hud), n. [< ego + -hood.'] In- 
dividuality. ; personality. Brit. Quarterly Rev. 
egoical (e-go'i-kal), a. [< ego + -ic-al.] Per- 
taining to egoism. Bare. [Rare.] 
egoism (e'go-izm), n. [= D. G. egoismus = Dan. 
egoisme = Sw. egoism = F. egoixme = Sp. Pg. It. 
egoismo; as ego + -ism.] 1. The habit of valu- 
ing everything only in reference to one's per- 
sonal interest; pure selfishness or exclusive 
reference to self as an element of character. 
The Ideal, the True and Noble that was in them having 
faded out, and nothing now remaining but naked egoism, 
vulturous greediness, they cannot live. Carlyle. 
2. In ethics, the doing or seeking of that which 
affords pleasure or advantage to one's self, in 
distinction to that which affords pleasure or 
advantage to others : opposed to altruism. In 
this sense the term does not necessarily imply 
anything reprehensible, and is not synonymous 
with egotism. 
Egoism is the feeling which demands for self an increase 
of enjoyment and diminution of discomfort. Altruism is 
that which demands these results for others. 
L. F. Word, Dynam. Sociol., I. 14. 
Egoism comprises the sum of inclinations that aim at 
purely personal gratification, each of these inclinations 
having its particular gratification ; and the further we go 
back in civilisation, the greater is the predominance which 
these egoistic impulses have. 
Maudsley, Body and Will, p. 164. 
egotism 
3. In metaph., the opinion that no matter ex- 
ists and only one mind, that of the individual 
holding the opinion. The term is also applied (by 
critics) to forms of subjective idealism supposed logically 
to result in such an opinion. See solipsism. =Syn. 1. 
Pride Egotism, etc. See egotism. 
egoist (e'go-ist), n. [= D. G. Dan. Sw. egoist 
= F. egoiste = Sp. Pg. It. egoista; as ego + -ist.] 
1. One who is characterized by egoism ; a sel- 
fish or self-centered person. 2. In metaph., 
one holding the doctrine of egoism. 
egoistic, egoistical (e-go-is'tik, -ti-kal), . [< 
egoist + -ic, -ical.] 1. Characterized by the vice 
of egoism; absorbed in self . 2. In etliics, per- 
taining or relating to one's self, and not to 
others ; relating to the promotion of one's own 
well-being, or the gratification of one's own 
desires ; characterized by egoism : opposed to 
altruistic. 
The adequately egoistic individual retains those powers 
which make altruistic activities possible. 
H. Spencer, Data of .Ethics, i2. 
3. In metaph., involving the doctrine that no- 
thing exists but the ego. 
The egoistical idealism of Fichte is less exposed to criti- 
cism than the theological idealism of Berkeley. 
Sir W. Hamilton. 
Egoistical Object, a mode of consciousness regarded as 
an object. Egoistical representatlonism, the doc- 
trine that the external world is known to us by means of 
representative ideas, and that these are modifications of 
consciousness. 
egoistically (e-go-is'ti-kal-i), adv. In an egois- 
tic manner ; as regards one's self. 
Each profits egoistically from the growth of an altru- 
ism which leads each to aid in preventing or diminishing 
others' violence. H. Spencer, Data of Ethics, 77. 
egoity (e-go'i-ti), n. [< ego + -ity.] The es- 
sential element of the ego or self ; egohood. 
This innocent imposture, which I have all along taken 
care to carry on, as it then was of some use, has since 
been of regular service to me, and, by being mentioned in 
one of my papers, effectually recovered my egoity out of 
the hands of some gentlemen who endeavoured to correct 
it for me. Swift, On Harrison's Tatler, No. 28. 
If you would permit me to use a school term, I would 
say the egoity remains : that is, that by which I am the 
same I was. W. Wollaston, Religion of Nature, ix. 8. 
The non-ego out of which we arise must somehow have 
an egoity in it as cause of finite egos. 
Amer. Jour. Psychol., I. 546. 
egoize (e'go-iz), v. i.; pret. and pp. egoized, ppr. 
egoizing. '[< ego + -ize.] To give excessive 
attention or consideration to one's self, or to 
what relates to one's self ; be absorbed in self. 
[Rare.] 
egophonic, egophony. See a-gophonic, (egoph- 
ony. 
egotheism (e'go-the-izm), n. [< Gr. eyo, = E. 
I, + feof, God, '+ E. -ism.] The deification of 
self; the substitution of self for the Deity; 
also, the opinion that the individual self is es- 
sentially divine. 
egotism (e'go-tizm or eg'o-tizm), n. [< ego + 
t (see egotist) + -ism.] 1. The practice of put- 
ting forward or dwelling upon one's self ; the 
habit of talking or writing too much about one's 
self. 
Adieu to egotism; I am sick to death at the very name 
of self. Shelley, in Dowden, I. 101. 
It is idle to criticise the egotism of autobiographies, 
however pervading and intense. 
H'. . Oreg, Misc. Essays, Istser., p. 177. 
H ence 2. An excessive esteem or considera- 
tion for one's self, leading one to judge of 
everything by its relation to one's own inter- 
ests or importance. 
The most violent egotism which I have met with ... is 
that of Cardinal Wolsey, "Ego et rex meus, I and my 
King," Spectator, >"o. 562. 
There can be no doubt that this remarkable man owed 
the vast influence which he exercised over his contempo- 
raries at least as much to bis gloomy egotism as to the 
real power of his poetry. Jlacaulay, Moore's Byron. 
Selfishness is only active egotism. 
Lowell, Among my Books, Istser., p. 364. 
= Syn. Pride, Egotism, Vanita, Conceit, Self-conceit, Self- 
contciousnena. Pride and egotism imply a certain indif- 
ference to the opinions of others concerning one s self. 
Pride is a self-contained satisfaction with the excellence 
of what one is or has, despising what others are or think. 
Vanity is just the opposite ; it is the love of being even 
fulsomely admired. Pride rests often upon higher or in- 
trinsic things: as, pride of family, place, or power ; intel- 
lectual or spiritual pride. Vanity rests often upon lower 
and external things, as beauty, figure, dress,, ornaments ; 
but the essential difference is in the question of depen- 
dence upon others. Over the same things one person might 
have pride and another i-nmV.i/. One may be too proud to 
be vain. Conceit, or telf-cnnivit, is an overestimate of 
one's own abilities or accomplishments : it is too much an 
elevation of the real self to rest upon wealth, dress, or other 
external things. tt/utism is a strong and obtrusive con- 
fidence in one's self, shown primarily in conversation, not 
only by frequent references to self, but by monopolizing 
