Egyptian 
Egyptian sculptures, not less than 0,000 years old, exhibit 
great technical skill, approach nature with remarkable 
ease and certainty, and far surpass in naturalness the 
more conventional works which succeeded them. Yet 
the best Egyptian works of all times possess striking in- 
dividuality as well as refinement, a very large proportion 
1856 
The Egyptisinq image of the god of Heliopolis. 
C. O. Jf filler, Manual of Archffiol. (trans.), 240. 
Egyptologer (e-jip-tol'o-jfer), n. Same as Egyp- 
tologist. 
The Aryan mind is offended at seeing men of another 
continent clothed in such a very European garb ; it is for 
Egyptologers to say whether the sculpture is correct. 
E. A. Free-man, Venice, p. 171. 
eighteen 
it has no frontal processes, the feathers reaching beyond 
the nostrils. Steller's duck, Jleniconetta stelteri, is often 
called Steller's eider, and sometimes included in the genus 
Somateria. See Somateria. 
Egyptian Sculpture. 
General Rahotep (Rahotpou) and his Wife, Princess Nefert (Nofrit), 
period of the first Theban empire. 
of the vast number of portrait statues and reliefs being 
evidently likenesses, and the physical differences of class, 
The eider-duel!, which swarmed on Fame island when 
St. Cuthbert went to lead a lonely life there, became a 
great favourite with the holy man, . . . and St. Cuthbert 's 
birds are they called to this day. 
Rock, Church of onr Fathers, i. 279. 
Egyptological (e-jip-to-loj'i-kal), a. Pertain- eider-goose (i'der-g6s), . Same as eider-duck. 
ing to Egyptology; devoted to the study of eider-yarn (I'der-yarn), . A soft woolen yarn 
Egyptology: as, an Egyptological museum or made from the fleeces of merino sheep, sold in 
work. different colors for knitting and similar kinds 
Egyptologist (e-jip-tol'o-jist), n. [< Egyptol- o f wor k. 
ogy + -ist.~\ One skilled or engaged in the eidograph (1'do-graf), n. [Prop. *idograph, < 
study of the antiquities of Egypt, and particu- (Jr. eMo?, form, 'shape, figure, lit. that which is 
larly of the hieroglyphic inscriptions and docu- seen, < loelv = L. videre, see (see idea), + 
ments. Also Egyptologer. ypatytiv, write.] An instrument for copying 
Egyptology (e-jip-tol'o-ji), n. [< Gr. Aiyinrror, designs, reduced or enlarged in any proportion 
Egypt, + -toyia., < Myeiv, speak: see -ology,] within certain limits ; a form of pantograph. 
The science of Egyptian antiquities. eidola. n. Plural of eidolon. 
Old Testament criticism has had new stores opened to it eidololOgy (i-do-lol'o-ji), n. [Prop, "idolology, 
by lineal-things on the cognate grounds of Egyptology and < (J r _ eiiaMV, image' (see idol), + -fayta, < U- 
Assyriology. N.A,Bit.,Cl m. 157. j, w , speak: see -otoflry.] In philos., the theory 
eh (a or e), interj. [A mere syllable ; sometimes O f cognition ; the explanation of the possibility 
spelled eigh; cf. all, oh, ey, hey, heigh, etc.] of knowledge. 
An interrogative exclamation expressive of in- eidolon (i-do'lon), n. ; pi. eidola (-la). [Also 
quiry, doubt, or slight surprise. idolon (reg. L. form ulolum, whence E. idol, 
ehidos, n. pi. See ejido. q. v.), < Gr. eliuJwv, an image, phantom, image 
ehlite (a'lit), . In mineral., a mineral of the o f a g O d, an idol.] 1. A likeness; an image; 
copper family, of a green color and pearly lus- a representation. 2. A shade or specter; an 
ter. It is a hydrated phosphate of copper, and apparition; hence, a confusing reflection or 
sometimes contains vanadium. reflected image. 
Ehretia (e-ret'i-a), n. [NL., named after G. D. where an eWotol named Night 
dered. With the advent of the Ptolemies, Greek influ- 
ences were brought to bear upon Egyptian art, which pro- 
gressively lost its good qualities without acquiring those 
Ehret, a famous botanical artist of the 18th 
century.] A genus of trees or shrubs, natural 
order Boraginacete, containing about 50 species, 
natives of the warmer regions of the old world. 
They are of little importance, a few species having medi- 
cinal properties, or furnishing useful woods. 
, 
of the art of Greece and of Rome. The great Sphinx of eicosacolic a. See icosacolic. 
Ghizeh is the oldest as well as the largest work of sculp- ;,,,, aa0 p TT ,i;, s fifi irntnwmi 
known; the colossi of Amenhotep(Amenl)otpou) III. eiCOSasemiC, . .Seec. em. rc , ., -, 
hebes (one of them is the famous Memnon, so called) Cldent (l dent), a. bame as tthana. [Scotch. J 
ture 
at Th , 
are about 52 feet high; those of the Ramesseum are of 
the same height; and that of Tanis is nearly 60 feet high. 
Egyptian painting is strictly illumination, as the colors 
On a black throne reigns upright 
Poe, Dream-land. 
The eidolon of James Haddock appeared to a man named 
Taverner, that he might interest himself in recovering a 
piece of land unjustly kept from the dead man's infant 
son. Lowell, Among my Books, 1st ser., p. 89. 
The skill of the best constructors of microscopic ob- 
jectives has been of late years successfully exerted in the 
removal of the "residual errors" to which these eidola 
were due. W. B. Carpenter, Micros., 11. 
And mind their labours wi' an eydent hand. piHnTniiBilrnn fi do-mii'yi-konl 
Burns, Cotter's Saturday Night. eidomUSlKOn 11 ao mu Zl in;, n. 
*idomusicon, < Gr. tioof, form, -* 
,-,*. s r -r> -j / i\ / ^u_n 
are laid on flat, without shading or gradation, within a eider (l der), n. [= D. etder(-vogel)(=: &./OWI) 
d" ' 
tb 
be- 
n.i\ IML; LWU |K9numwn& ujoivB uj. mmimi* v*m^ii, 
revolving on their axes, produce an endless va- 
in the carving of wood and ivory, in metal-working. 
in the industrial arts generally, Egyptian artists and 
sans displayed great taste and skill, and were enablt 
arti- 
the diffusion of material prosperity to devise and perfect 
their products in endless diversity. Egyptian bean. See 
i -Egyptian black ware, a name given by Wedg- 
I! 1 ! 3 : eider-down (I'der-donn), n. [< eider + downS, rfet of - geometrical figures . If co l O red glass 
un = Sw. eiderdun = Dan. - -' 
fte j cel 
..,.;, . f r< -.,!,.*, , T> />,v?/>7,. 
ederaun ; cf. G. e^derdunen, D. eiaerdons, 
disks are used, innumerable combinations of 
color are obtained. 
Egypt (Ex. x. 21-23). 
well. [Isle of Wight.] 
frog, a toad. 
porcelata, tamgiv tocramcware ofi^Sie^r eider-duck (i'der-duk), n. 
greenish color, made in the form of small mummy-shaped 
figures, and, more rarely, of figures of divinities, and cups, 
goblets, and the like, found in ancient Egyptian tombs. 
The material seems to have been sand held together by a 
relatively small amount of potters' clay ; this, when fired, 
turns to an opaque glass or enamel throughout its whole 
mass. The color is an oxid of copper, which is applied to 
the surface, and stains the ware very deeply. Egyptian 
vulture. See vulture. Egyptian ware, a variety of 
Wedgwood ware. 
II. w. 1. A native of Egypt] a member of 
any of the different races constituting the per- 
manent population of Egypt ; more specifically, 
a member or a descendant of the ancient Egyp- 
tian race or races, supposed to be now repre- 
sented chiefly by the Copts and the fellahs or 
peasantry, as distinguished from the Arabs and 
other later settlers. 2f. A gipsy. 
George Faw and Johnnee fnw Egiptianis warconvictit, 
&c. for the blud drawing of Sande Barrown, &c. and or- 
danit the saidis Egiptianis to pay the harbour for the 
leyching of the said Barrowne. Aberd. Reg. A. (1548), V. 16. 
That handkerchief 
Did an Egyptian to my mother give ; 
She was a charmer, and could almost read 
The thoughts of people. Shak., Othello, iii. 4. 
3. One of a class of wandering impostorSjWelsh 
or English, who disguise themselves as gipsies 
and live by telling fortunes, stealing, etc. 
Egyptict (e-jip'tik), a. [< Egypt + -ic. Cf. D. 
G. egyptisch = Dan. cegyptislc = Sw. egyptisk.~\ 
Egyptian. 
Thou, whose gentle form and face 
Fill'd lately this Egyptw glass. 
Middleton, Game at Chess, iii. 2. 
Egyptize (e-jip'tiz), v. t. or i. : pret. and pp. 
Egyptized, ppr. Egyptizing. [< Egypt + -ize.'] 
To make or become Egyptian in character; 
give or assume an Egyptian appearance or 
quality, Also spelled Egyptise. [Bare.] 
as coverlets, robes, tippets, muffs, etc. It is one of the AMr \Valkerdeliveredhere[inthet'olosseum]inMarch, 
very poorest conductors of heat, as well as an extremely 1838 a 8erie8 of astronomical lectures, chiefly memorable 
l ~*"e, thus preserving great warmth with very 011 accou nt of their being illustrated by an elaborate ma- 
chine called the eidmiranion, a large transparent orrery. 
First Year of a Sillren Reign, p. 214. 
family FuliguKnoi and ; genus Somateria; espe- tfgb/s,) inter, . Another spelling of eh and aye*. 
daily, the common Somateria mothssima, which 
- - - - Some snake (saith shee) hath crept into me quick, 
It gnawes my heart : ah, help me, I am sick, 
Haue mee to bed : eigh me, a friezing-frying, 
inhabits both coasts of the North Atlantic. 
It is much larger than the common duck, being about 
2 feet long, and has a peculiarly gibbous bill with a 
pair of frontal processes. The male is almost entirely 
black and white in large masses, with the head tinged 
with green ; the female is ' 
A burning cold torments me living-dying. 
Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, ii., The Magnificence. 
brown, Variegated with grayer, eighet, n. An obsolete form of eye 1 . Chaucer. 
eight 1 (at), a. and n. [= Sc. aucht, aught; < 
ME. eight, eighte, eihte, elite, eahte (North, avcht, 
aught, auht, auhte, ahte, etc.), < AS. eahta, rare- 
ly ehta, ONorth. aihto, a'hta = OS. ahto = OFries. 
achta, achte = D. acht = MLG. achte, acht. LG. 
acht = OHG. ahto, MHG. ahte, G. acht = Icel. 
dtta = Sw. otta = Dan. otte = Goth, alitau = 
IT. ocht = Gael, ochd = W. wyth = Corn, eath 
= Bret, eich, eiz = L. octo (> It. otto = Sp. ocho 
= Pg. oito = Pr. oit, ueit = OF. oit, uit, huit, 
F. huit) = Gr. OKTO = Lith. asztnni = Skt. ashta, 
eight.] I. a. One more than seven : a cardinal 
numeral. 
Whanne the schip was maad in which a fewe, that is to 
sale e ighte soulis weren maad saaf bi water. 
Wyclif, 1 Pet. iii. 
Eight Banners. See tanner, 6. Eight-hour law. See 
hour. 
II. n. 1. A number, the sum of seven and 
one. 2. A symbol representing eight units, 
as 8, or VIII, or viii; hence, a curved outline 
in the shape of the figure 8. 
Tired out 
With cutting tights that day upon the pond. 
Tennyson, The Epic. 
3. A playing-card having eight spots or pips. 
Figure eight, figure of eight, the symbol 8, or a figure 
resembling it. piece of eight. SsedoBw,!. 
eider-duck is S. v-mgrum, having a black V- shaped mark e i e ht 2 t An obsolete spelling of a it. 
on the chin, but otherwise resembling the common elder. _. ^s+^/\ , IV MT? 
The spectacled eider-duck, Somateria(Arctonetta) fischeri, eighteen (| ten ), a. and M. [< MK , 
inhabits the northern Pacific ; its bill is not gibbous, and eigtetene, ehtetene, ahtene, etc., < Ab. cahtatyne, 
Eider-duck (Somattria mollissima, var. dresscri}. 
redder, and duskier shades in small patterns. The down 
with which these birds line their nests is copious, and is 
much valued for its extreme lightness, warmth, and elas- 
ticity. The birds are practically domesticated in some 
places. The American bird, a slightly different variety 
from the European, is known as variety dresseri; it breeds 
abundantly in Labrador, Newfoundland, etc. The king 
eider-duck is a very distinct species, Somateria (Erionetta) 
spectalilis, the gibbosity of the bill being different in shape, 
and the head tinged with blue as well as green. The Pacific 
as L,TC 
.lack 1 
