elevator 
conveyers arc used. Lifting elevators are alo used in 
llonr-millx griliding-mill.-, fnrilBceH, ami iithi-r works, to 
handle in.iteii.tU MI 1,11 kin. Is in bulk, as Blind, aihw, 
Ire, el.\ 
5. A building containing one or more mechan- 
ical elevators, especialh n warehouse for the 
Illinois :H I . *., II"). in which it wan derided that, not- 
WlthSUUldlng Hie e\clu.sivc power of Congress to regulate 
interstate commerce, a State may, for the public good, 
n -iil-it,' Hie manner in hieh eiti/ens Khali use their prop- 
.rty when drvoleil by them to a nw in uhirh tlir pnblir 
have nil interest: so called ]ierail.se Hlistaining the valid- 
ity of a statute llmitliiK grain-elevator tolls. ElevatOr- 
englne *< <'. Floating elevator, an elevator 
en i:tcd on a boat for lifting, transferring, or storing grain. 
Sn, !> elevators are used to transfer (train from barters to the 
for lisht loads and moderate heights, Is a telescopic tube 
supporting the ear at the upper end. On tilling the tube 
with water iiiuler pressure it expaii' 1 " ""' '" >"> " 
to lower it, tlie supply of watc: 
tube is allowed to escape. The most common form of hy- 
draulic elevator in the United states is that of a car lifted 
b> ropes, operated by a piston In a long cylinder. The rope 
Is connected directly with the piston-rod, which Is moved 
by the admission of water under pressure. In some in- 
stances the cylinder Is horizontal and the travel of the pis- 
ton limited, multiplying gear being fitted to the rope. The 
usual form is an upright cylinder with a very simple form 
of rope-gearing. Pneumatic elevator, a hoisting or 
lifting apparatus worked by compressed air ; a pneumatic 
elevatory (el'e-va-to-ri), a. and n. [= F. eleva- 
toire = It. eleratorio, < NL. "elevatorius, < LL. 
elevator, elevator: see elevator, elevate.'] I. a. 
Raising or tending to raise; having power to 
elevate. 
Channels are almost universally present within the 
fringing reefs of those islands which have undergone re- 
cent eleoatory movements. Danrin, Coral Reefs, p. 78. 
Among these elevatory, and therefore reparatlve, agents, 
the most important place must be assigned to earthquakes 
and volcanoes. Huxley, Physiography, p. 188. 
II. n. ; pi. elevatories (-riz). Same as eleva- 
tor, 3. 
Sieve (a-lov'), n. [F., < clever, raise, bring up, 
educate, < L. elerarc, raise: see elerate.'] A 
pupil ; one brought up, educated, or trained by 
another. 
eleven (e-lev'n), a. and n. [< ME. elleven, en- 
leeeii, eiilecene, enlete, elleoven, elleove, endleve, 
etc., < AS. endlcofan, cwllufon, endlyfon (= OS. 
elef, elevan, eleven, elleran = OFries. andlova, al- 
rene, ellera = D. elf = LG. eleve, o'lwe, olwen = 
OHG. einlif, MHGt. einlif, einlef, eilcf, eilf, G. 
eilf, flf Icel. ellifn, later ellefu, = Sw. elfva = 
Dan. ellece = Goth, ainlif), eleven, orig. "anlif 
elicit 
II. a. Relating or pertaining to elves. 
The ini.liti, -t , hiefa of British wng 
km ! not n h i, | - 1.. iHtai 
They gleam through Spenser elfin dream, 
And mix in Milton's heavenly theme. 
Scott, Marmlon, Int., 1. 
Kxeiililnir, . . . rich 
With jewels, elfin U rim, on the hilt. 
Tennyson, Coming of Arthur. 
., . Elfinplpe. Sec /airy pipci, under/airy. 
rents of the year, or of movables, or both, elfish, elvish (el fifth, -vish), a. K Silt,, elcuh, 
1,^ ._,,.__ OT .-... elvillcllj afrisc (= MHG. elbiach) ; < elf + -t*M.] 
1 . Of or pertaining to elves or to elf-land ; of 
the nature of an elf; caused by or characteris- 
tic of elves; peevish; spiteful: as, an elfish be- 
ing; elfish mischief . 
0, spite of spites ! 
We talk with gohllns, owls, and eloith sprite* ; 
If we obey them not, this will ensue, 
They'll suck our breath, or pinch us black and blue. 
Shall., C. of E., li. i. 
I watched the water-snakes; . . . 
And when they reared, the elfth light 
Fell off in hoary flakes. 
Cvleridye, Ancient Mariner, iv. 
1877 
last moment ; Just before It Is too late : In allusion to the 
parable of the laborers in the vineyard. Mat. XX. 1-1B. 
II. a. 1. One of eleven equal parts; the quo- 
tient of unity divided by eleven : as, five elev- 
enths of fifty-five are twenty-five. 
The crygoprase the tenthe Is tyst ; 
The lacyngh the enlruenihe gent. 
Alliterative Poenu (ed. Morris), I. 1013. 
2. In early Eng. law, an eleventh part of the 
rents of the year, or of movables, or both, 
granted or levied by way of tax. 3. In music: 
(a) The interval between any tone and a tone 
on the eleventh diatonic degree above or be- 
low it ; a compound fourth, or an octave and a 
fourth. (6) A tone distant by an eleventh from 
a given tone. 
' elves (elvz). [Early mod. E. 
alfe, pi. elvene, nln m , 
I'lfen, elfen, in a very 
early form (ulbiit "(usually in comp.), m., an elf, 
sprite, fairy, incubus. = MD. alf, D. elf= MLG. 
. alp, m., MHG. elite, f. (G. elf, m., clfe,l., 
f), = Icel. alfr = Sw. alf, m., elfva, I., elf- 2f. Distracted or bewitched by elves; distraught 
or abstracted, as if bewitched. 
andG 
(in comp.), pi. elfror = Dan. alf, elver- (in 
coinp.), an elf: a common Teut. word; ult. 
origin unknown. From the Icel. form alfr, for- 
merly alfr, is the doublet aulf, awf, also writ- 
ten auph, ouph, and usually oaf, q. v., now 
discriminated in senses. See erl-king.'] 1. An 
imaginary being superstitiously supposed to in- 
habit unfrequented places, and in various ways 
to affect mankind; a sprite; a fairy; a goblin. 
Elves are usually imagined as diminutive tricksy beings in 
human form, given to capricious interference, either kind- 
ly or mischievous, in human affairs. 
Tills was the olde opinion as I rede, 
I speke of mauye hundred yeres ago, 
But now kan no man se none elven mo. 
Chaucer, Wife of Bath's Tale, 1. 6. 
F.very elf, and fairy sprite, 
Hop as light as bird from brier. 
Shalt., M. X. D., v. 2. 
The elect also, 
Whose little eyes glow 
Like the sparks of fire, befriend thee. 
Ilerricli, Night-Piece to Julia. 
2. A mischievous or wicked person ; a knave ; 
a rogue. 
Bid him, without more ado, 
Surrender himself, or else the proud elf 
Shall suffer with all his crew. 
Robin Hood and the Valiant Knight (Child's Ballads, 
[V. 389). 
Spite of all the criticising fires, 
Those who would make us feel, must feel themselves. 
Churchill, The Rosciad, 1. 9B1. 
3. A diminutive person; a dwarf; hence, a 
F ' ' \ -t * j O. xv ' 1 1 in 1 11 1 1 1 i v o Lici. nv u M v 
(the first syllable (end-. < AO having been modi- t name f Qr a chil jj espee ially one who is very 
fled by shortening and mutation with dissim - g^tt, and graceful. =syn. 1. Sprite, hobgoblin, 
lated gemination of n to nd, and the last syl- imp. 3. Urchin, dwarf. land 3. Fay, Gnome, etc. See 
lable (-aw, -on) added as a quasi-plural suffix), fairy. 
< an (= Goth, ain, etc.), one, + -lif, an element elf (elf), v. t. [< elf, n., in allusion to the mis- 
appearing also in Goth, twalif = AS. ttcelf, E. chievousness ascribed to elves. Cf. elf-lock.} 
twelve, etc. (see twelve), and appar. = Lith. 
-lik-ii, in venolika, eleven, where the element is 
by some supposed to stand for 'dika = Gr. dixa 
= L. decent = E. ten, making the Teut. and 
Lith. forms exactly cognate with L. vndecim, e if_ arr ow (elf'ar'6), n. v .. 
eleven, < unus = E. one, + decent = E. ten.] e lf .bolt (elf 'bolt), . An arrow-head of flint or 
chievousness ascribed to elves. Cf. elf-lock."} 
To entangle intricately, as the hair. [Rare.] 
My face I'll grime with fllth ; 
Blanket my loins; .(/'all my hair in knots. 
Shot., Lear, ii. 3. 
Same as elf-bolt. 
other stone found among paleolithic remains : 
so called from the supposition that they were elf-shot (elf 'shot), n. 
, 
I. a. One more than ten: a cardinal numeral 
beginning the second decade : as, eleven men. 
The game (shovel-board!, when two play, Is generally 
eleven; but the number is, \t< -ndrd when four or more are 
jointly concerned. S<n,tt, Sports and Pastimes, p. 3 C. 
II. M. 1. The number which is the sum of ten j, avo b een 
and one. 2. A symbol representing eleven they had stolen; a changeling. 
units, as 11, or XI., or xi. 3. A team or side e lf.riart (elf'dart), . Same as elf-bolt. 
in cricket or foot-ball : so called because regu- e lf_dock (elf'dok), . See dockl, 2. 
lm-1 v cmiwi^tmo' nf olnvpn iilftvprs: fts. tlio Phil- ~if A* /l*'^.\ , A ,., LI,,H,, ,n YIOT 
He semeth elci/th by his contenannce, 
For unto no wight doth he dallaunce. 
Chaucer, Sir Thopas, Prol., 1. 13. 
y, elvishly (erfish-li, -vish-li), adv. In 
the manner of ewes ; mischievously. 
She had been heard talking, and singing, and laughing 
most elmthlu, with the Invisibles of her own race. 
Scott, Peveril of the Peak, xvi. 
elf kin (elf 'kin), n. [< elf-r dim. -.] A little 
elf. 
elf-king (elf 'king), H. [= D. elfenkoning = Dan. 
elver/conge.] The king of the elves or fairies. 
elf-land (elf 'land), n. The region of the elves ; 
fairy-land. 
The horns of Elfland faintly blowing. 
Tcnnyton, Princess, HI. 
elf-lock (elf'lok), n. A knot of hair twisted by 
elves ; a knot twisted as if by elves ; hence, in 
the plural, hair in unusual disorder. 
This is that very Slab, 
That plats the manes of horses in the night, 
And bakes the e(f-lockt in foul sluttish hairs, 
Which, once untangled, much misfortune bodes. 
Shak., R. and J., I. 4. 
You will pull all into a knot or eV-lock; which nothing 
but the shears or a candle will undo. 
/>'. Jotuon, Magnetlck Lady, In, I. 
Ragged elf -lockt hanging down to the breast. 
R. F. Burton, El-Medinah, p. 319. 
elf-locked (elf'lokt), a. Wearing elf-locks; with 
disheveled or tangled hair. [Poetical.] 
The elfe-lockt fury all her snakes had shed. 
Sir U. Stapletun, tr. of Juvenal, vil. 83. 
elf-queen (elf'kwen), .. [< ME. elf queen; < elf 
+ ryueeii.] The queen of the elves or fairies. 
The elfipieene with hir joly compaignye 
Daunced lul ofte In many a grene mede. 
Chaucer, Wife of Bath's Tale, L 4. 
elf-shot (elf 'shot), a. Shot by an elf. 
There, every herd, by sad experience, knows 
How, wlng'd with fate, their e(f-thot arrows fly, 
When the sick ewe her summer food foregoes, 
Or, stretch'd on earth, the heart-smit heifers lie. 
CoUitu, Pop. .Superstitions of the Highlands. 
1. Same as elf-bolt. 
The Stone Arrow Heads of the old Inhabitants of this 
Island (that are sometimes found) are vulgarly supposed 
fairy arrow-heads. Also elf-arrow, elf-dart, elf- 
(elf 'child), n. A child supposed to u7bTwea^n8~8n7t7>yTTriesliTca7tle. They are called 
n substituted by elves for one which Klf-.hoU,. Bourne; I'of. Anti,,. (1777), p. 117, note. 
2. A disease supposed to be produced by the 
agency of elves. [Scotch.] 
larly consisting of eleven players: as, the Phil- e lf_flr.e (elf 'fir), . 
adelphiii eleven; there were two strong elevens f a tuus. 
matched, 
eleven-o'clock-lady (e-lev'n-o-ldok-lii'di), . 
[Tr. F. ilium- <l\iit:e Iteurcs.] The star-of-Beth- 
lehem, Ornithotjulum umbellatum. 
eleventh (e-lev'nth), a. and n. [< ME. ellev- 
rnllii. rllrrt'inl, i nlt-n nt!n; cmUi-fti'. i ulil'tf, etc., 
< AS. endlyfta (= OS. ellifto = OFries. ellcftn, 
<!, I'Ki.ult'ia.iiiull'ifta =D.cJ/rfe = OH(;. ciiitifto. 
MHt;. iiiiiiftf, ci'nlrt'i,. rilfte, G. elftc = Icel. 
ellifti, mod', ellefti = Dan. ellerte = Sw. elfle, 
eleventh: MiMM (AS. iitiUntfnii. etc.) + -th, 
the ordinal suffix: see -M3.] I. a. 1. Next in 
order after the tenth : an ordinal number. 
I'.nt altoute the*'//, '' 'uthr hour he wente nut and founde 
other stondyn^'e, and he ueide to hem, what stonden ye 
idel heere ui d:ii'.' ll'ih-d'r. .Mat. xx. 
2. Constituting oue of eleven equal parts into 
which anything is divided: as, t lie ilimilh part 
of fifty-five is five At the eleventh hour, at the 
elf-skiht (elf'skin), n. A word found only in 
A common name for ignis "the following passage, where it is probably a 
~'' ! * * ' ' : n..-:~- i>^t<.o u^,,_ 
elfin (el'fin), n. and a. [An artificial (poeti- 
cal) form, first used by Spenser; in form as if 
an adj. (for "elfcn, < elf + -en), but it first ap- 
pears as a noun, and in def. 2 is appar. regard- 
_ i a;_ ii /"<* AC3 ^7',n. fw,t /Vi snJKi 
misprint for eel-Mkin (in allusion to Prince Hen- 
ry's long and lank figure). 
Fal. Away, you starveling, you etf-fkin, you dried neat's- 
tongue. Shall., 1 Hen. IV., it 4. 
(elf 'ston), n. Same as elf-bolt. 
applied to his knights, 
He was an Klrin borne of noble state 
And miekle worship in his native land. 
. F. a, 
2. A little urchin or child. [Playful.] 
n. i. . 
Kur she was just, and friend to virtuous lore, 
And pass'd much time in truly virtuous deed; 
And in those ellins' ran would oft deplore 
The times, when truth b> Popish rage did bleed. 
Shetutont, The .Schoolmistress, st. 15. 
yn. See/in'r;/, it. 
Elgin marbles. See marble. 
Eliac (e'li-ak ), a. Pertaining to Elis, an ancient 
eity of the Greek Peloponnesus. Also Eltan. 
EliaC BChOOl, a school of philosophy founded in Elis by 
Plnedo, a scholar and favorite of Soerates. Its doctrines 
are conjectured to have been ethical, and somewhat skep- 
tical concerning the theory of cognition, 
elicit (e-lis'it), r. t. [< L. elicitus. pp. of e licere, 
draw out, < e, out, + larere, entice: see lace. 
Cf. <illcct.] To ilniw out; bring forth or to 
light ; evolve ; {,'">" : "* '" ' ''<''' pa rks by col- 
