endoceratid 
endoceratid (en-do-Her'a-tid), . Afossilcppha 
lopod of the family AtaMMVNdK 
Endoceratidae (cn'do-He-rat'i-de), n. pi. [NL., 
< Gr. Mov, within. + (cfpnf (xf/xir-), horn, + 
-I'drr.] A family of nautiloid cephalopods hav- 
ing large holoouMBOid siphons, ondocones or 
sheaths, an endosiphon, and the whorls fusiform 
in transverse section. Hyatt, Proc. Host. Soc. 
Nat. Hist., XXII. L'tiii. 
endocervical (en-do-s6r'vi-kal), a. [< Gr. Mm, 
within, + L. Tn>'(oem'e-), 'neck, + -al.] Per- 
taining to the inside of the cervix of the uterus. 
endocervicitis (en-do-ser-vi-si'tis), n. [NL., < 
Gr. h'An; within, + L. cerrijc (cervic-), neck, + 
-itis.] In pathol., inflammation of the lining of 
the cervix of the uterus. 
endochona (en-do-ko'ntt), n.; pi. endochona; 
(-ne). [NL., < Gr. Mov, within, + x&vij, a 
funnel: see chonc.] An endochone: distin- 
guished from ectochona. fiollas. 
endochondral (en-do-kon'dral), a. [< Gr. lv- 
Sov, within, + x^ v '^Pf> cartilage, + -al.] Situ- 
ated within a cartilage. 
endochone (en'do-kon), n. [< NL. endochona.] 
The inner division of a chone. Sollas. 
endochorion (en-do-ko'ri-on), n. ; pi. endochona 
(-&). [NL., < Gr. Mov, within, + xfy'ov, a mem- 
brane, the chorion.] In anat., the inner chorion : 
a term sometimes applied to the vascular layer 
of the allautois, lining the chorion. 
endochorionic (en-do-ko-ri-on'ik), a. [< en- 
dochorion + -ic.] Pertaining to the endocho- 
rion. 
endochroa (en-dok'ro-8,), n. [NL., < Gr. Mov, 
within, + xpfot XP'^i surface.] In hot., a name 
given by Hartig to a supposed interior layer of 
the cuticle. 
endochrome (en'do-krom), n. [< Gr. Mov, 
within, + xptya, color.] 1. In hot., the brown 
cell-contents in I>iatomace(e, colored by diato- 
min. The term has also been applied generally 
to the coloring matter, other than green, of flow- 
ers, etc. 2. In zool., the highly colored endo- 
plasm of a cell Endochrome plates, the colored 
portions of the cell-contents of diatoms. 
endochyme (en'do-kim), n. [NL., < Gr. Mov, 
within, + ;ft>//oY, juice: see chyme 1 .] In zool., 
the inner chyme-mass ; endoplasm. 
endoclinal (en-do-kli'nal), a. [< Gr. Mov, with- 
in, + itMveiv, lean (see elinode), + -al.] In hot., 
having the elinode (hymenium) inclosed in a 
conceptacle. 
endoccelar (en-do-se'lftr). a. [< Gr. Mov, with- 
in, + K<wAof, hollow, Kotf.ia, the belly, + -ar.] 
Situated on the inner wall, or intestinal surface 
or visceral side, of the coaloma or body-cavity; 
splanchnopleural : used chiefly of bodies de- 
rived from a four-layered germ, and hence with 
reference to the splanchnopleural or visceral 
division of the mesoderm : opposed to exoccelar. 
The intestinal fibrous layer. From this is developed, 
flrstly, the endoccelar: that Is, the inner or visceral ccelom 
epithelium, the layer of cells covering the outer surface of 
the whole intestine. Haeckel, Evol. (trans.), I. 271. 
endocoelariom (en'do-se-la'ri-um), . [NL. : 
see endoca'lur.] In roo7.,'the layer of cells form- 
ing the epithelium of the visceral or inner wall 
of the body-cavity ; the visceral epithelium of 
the coaloma. 
endocondyle (en-do-kon'dil), n. Same as rnto- 
endocone (en'do-kon), n. [< Gr. Mov, within, 
+ iioi-of, cone.] One of the internal concentric 
cones formed by the sheaths of the siphons of 
some cephalopoda, as those of the family En- 
doceratida'. Hyatt. 
endoconic (en-do-kon'ik), a. [< endocone + -ic.] 
Pertaining to the endocone of a cephalopod. 
endocranial (en-do-kra'ni-al), a. [< endocra- 
IIIKIII + -al.] Pertaining to the endocranium; 
situated or taking place within the cranium. 
endocranium (en-do-kra'ni-um), . [NL., < Gr. 
fi-Aov, within, + K/mviov, the skull.] In zool. 
and anat., a collective name for the processes 
which project inward from the cranium of an 
animal, and serve to support the organs of the 
by Huxley to the hard pieces 
head: applied 
found in the head of an insect, and invisible 
without dissection. In the cockroach these form a 
cruciform partition in the middle of the head, and they 
assume various forms in other insects. Also called ten- 
torium, and by Kirby cepnalophrayma. 
There is [iu the cockroach) a sort of internal skeleton 
(endocranium or tentorium), which extends as a cruciform 
partition from the inner face of the lateral walls of the 
eranimn ... to the sides of the occipital foramen. 
lltixli'!/, Anat. Invert., p. 348. 
endoctrinatet (en-dok'tri-uat), c. t. See indoc- 
trinate. 
121 
1921 
endoctrinet(eu-dok'trin), r. t. \==.cndoctr<ncr 
= Pr. cndoctrinar ; as en- 1 + doctrine.'} Same 
as indoctrinate. 
endocyclic ( en-do-si k'lik), a. [< NL. endocycli- 
</<*, < Gr. Mov, w'ithin, + KVK>M;, circle.] Hav- 
ing a centric anus, as a regular sea-urchin; 
specifically, pertaining to the Kndocyclica. Also 
endori/rlu-iil. 
Endocyclica (en-do-sik'li-ktt), n. pi. [NL., 
neut. pi. of endocyclicus : see endocyclic.] An 
order of echinoderms, containing the regular 
or desmostichous sea-urchins, having the anus 
centric, as the cidarids and ordinary sea-eggs : 
same as Desmosticha : opposed to hxocyclica. 
endocyclical (en-do-sik'h-kal), a. Same as en- 
docyclic. 
endocyemate (en-do-si'e-mat), a. [NL., < Gr. 
Mov, within, + idi/fia, an embryo (' meiv, con- 
ceive), + -ate 1 .] In embryol., developed in the 
manner characteristic of reptiles, birds, and 
mammals, in which the embryo is bodily inva- 
ginated in an involution of the blastodermic 
membrane, and an amnion is developed in con- 
sequence; amniotic and allantoic, as verte- 
brates above batrachians: opposed to epicye- 
mate. 
The formation of the amnion in the endocyemate types 
of the Chordata. J. A. Ryder, Amer. Nat (1886), p. 1118. 
endocyesis (en'do-si-e'sis), n.; pi. endocyeses 
(-sez). [NL., < Gr. tvSov, within, + idi/oif, con- 
ception, < Kveiv, conceive.] The state or quality 
of being endocyemate ; the process by which an 
endocyemate embryo becomes such. 
endocyst (en'dp-sist), n. [< Gr. Mov, within, 
+ iti-anc, bladder: see cyst.] In zool.: (a) The 
inner layer or membrane of the body-wall of a 
polyzoOn. If there is no ectocyst, the endo- 
derm forms the entire integument. (6) In Poly- 
zoa, the proper ectodermal layer of the organ- 
ism inside the hard ectocyst, together with the 
parietal layer of the mesoderm which lines and 
secretes the cells of the exoskeleton. See cut 
under Plumatella. 
endoderm (en'do-derm), . [< Gr. Mov, within, 
+ otpua, skin.] ' In zool., the completed inner 
layer of cells in all metazoan animals, formed 
by the cells of the hypoblast or endoblast, and 
representing, under whatever modification, the 
lining of the enteron: opposed to ectoderm. 
Primitively, it is the wall of the gastrular body. cavity, as 
the ectoderm is that of the whole body. Also entoderm. 
See cut under Hydrozoa. 
The Inner, or endodenn, is formed by the " invagination " 
of that layer into the space left void by the dissolution of 
the central cells of the " morula," 
W. B. Carpenter, Micros., % 391. 
endodermal (en-do-der'mal), a. [< endoderm 
+ -{.] Of or pertaining to the endoderm; 
constituting an endoderm ; consisting of endo- 
derm. Also entodermal, endodermic, entoderm ic. 
endodermic (en-do-der'mik), a. [< endoderm 
+ -ic.] Same as endodermal. 
endodermis (en-do-der'mis), n. [NL., < Gr. Iv- 
oov, within, + tip/to, skin.] In oot., the layer 
of modified parenchyma-cells which are united 
to form the sheath surrounding a fibrovascular 
bundle. 
endoenteritis (en'do-en-te-ri'tis), . [NL.] 
Same as enteritis. 
endogamous (en-dog'a-mus), <i. [< endogam-y 
+ -OM*.] Marrying, or pertaining to the cus- 
tom of marrying, within the tribe or group ; 
pertaining to, practising, or characterized by 
endogamy: opposed to exogamous. 
These [the Roman usus and confarreatio] are . . . forms 
appropriate to marriages between members of the same 
family-group or tribe ; and . . . could only have origi- 
nated among endoyamma tribes. 
McLennan, Prim. Marriage, lii. 
The outer or endogamous limit, within which a man or 
woman must marry, has been mostly taken under the shel- 
ter of fashion or prejudice. It is but faintly traced in Eng- 
land, though not wholly obscured. 
M<i/i>' . Early Law and Custom, p. 2*24. 
endogamy (en-dog'a-mi), n. [< Gr. Mov, with- 
in, -f )a/*of, marriage.] Marriage within the 
tribe : a custom among some savage peoples : 
opposed to exogamy. 
The rule which declares the union of persons of the 
same blood to be incest has been hitherto unnamed. . . . 
The words endogamy and exogamy (for which botanical 
science affords parallels) appear to be well suited to ex- 
press the ideas which stand in ueed of names, and so we 
have ventured to use them. 
McLrnnan, Prim. Marriage, ill., note. 
Evidently endogamy, which at the outset must have 
characterized the more peaceful groups, and which has 
prevailed as societies have become less hostile, Is a con- 
comitant of the higher forms of the family. 
U. Spencer, Priu. of sJocioL, j 290. 
Parts of an Endogen . 
t. Section of the stem of a palm : e t f. re- 
mains of leaf-stalks; /, bundles of woody 
fiber- a. Portion of stem, natural size, show- 
ing the ends of the bundles of woody fiber. 
3. Endogenous leaf, showing its parallel veins. 
4. Monocotyledonous seed, showing la; Its 
single cotyledon. 5. Germination of palm: *, 
albumen ; . . cotyledon ; ./, plumule ; e, radicle 
Issuing from a short sheath, the colcorbiza. 
6. Flower of endogen. 
endogonidium 
endogastritis (en'do-gas-tri'tis), B. [< Or. Jv- 
Aov, within, + yaaT>,p, stomach, + -itis: see ijas- 
tritix.} In pathol., inflammation of the mu- 
cous membrane of the stomach; gastritis. 
endogen (en'dp-jen), n. [< NL. eiidogemi*, adj., 
< Gr. Mov, within, + -)CVTK, producing: see -gen, 
-genous. Of. the like-formed Gr. tvfoyt 1%, born 
in the house.] A plant belonging to one of 
the large primary classes into which the vege- 
table kingdom is divided : so named from the be- 
lief that the fibrovascular bundles were devel- 
oped only about the center of the stem, in dis- 
tinction from the eiogens or ' ' outside growers " ; 
a monocotyledon. In their structure the cndogens 
differ from the exogens chiefly In the absence of a cambium 
layer and iu the course of the vascular bundles, which, in- 
stead of being parallel to each other in successive , -i, 
centric rings, have a variously oblique or curved direction, 
crossing each oth- 
er, and forming a 
stem which has 
ordinarily no dis- 
tinction of pith 
or bark, and 
In cross - section 
shows the bundles 
Irregularly dis- 
posed, either scat- 
tered over the 
whole surface or 
gathered more 
compactly toward 
the circumfer- 
ence. The other 
organs of the 
plants are also 
characteristic. 
The leaves are 
generally paral- 
lel - veined, the 
flowera usually 
have three organs 
in each whorl, the 
seed has an em- 
bryo with one co- 
tyledon, and the 
radicle Issues from a sheath and is never developed into 
a tap-root in germination. The endogens are divided Into 
34 natural orders, including about 1,500 genera and from 
18,000 to 20,000 species. By the characters of the In- 
florescence they arc also distinguished as either suadi- 
ceous, as iu the falmcf and Araeeir, petaloideous, as In 
the Orchidacrar, Liliacetr, Iridacecr, and Amaryllidacetr, 
or glumaceous, as in the Gram into? and Cyveracea. These 
8 orders embrace over four fifths of the whole number of 
species, the Orchidacea; alone including nearly 5,000. This 
class contains many of the most valuable food-producing 
plants of the vegetable kingdom, such as the cereals and 
forage-planta among the grasses, the palms, plantains, etc. ; 
and the petaloideous division supplies also very many of 
the most showy ornaments of the garden and greenhouse. 
The structure of the roots of endogeiig and exogens is 
essentially the same in plan with that of their respective 
stems. W. B. Carpenter, Micros., i 375. 
Endogenae (en-doj'e-ne), n. pi. [NL., fern. pi. 
(sc. plantie) of endogenvs: see endogenous.] In 
hot., as a classifying name, the endogens. See 
monocotyledon. 
endogenetic (en*do-je-net'ik), a. Having an 
origin from internal causes : as, endogenetic dis- 
eases. Dunglison. 
endogenous (en-doj'e-nus), a. [< NL. endo- 
gen us : see endogen.] 1. In hot. : (a) Of or 
pertaining to the class of endogens ; growing 
or proceeding from within: as, endogenous trees 
or plants; endogenous growth. 
It is in the mode of arrangement of these bundles that 
the fundamental difference existslwtween the stems which 
are commonly designated as endoiienun* . . . and those 
which are more correctly termed exogenous. 
W. B. Carpenter, Micros., t 365. 
(6) Originating within ; internal ; specifically, 
formed within another body, as spores within 
a sporangium. 
The zygospore Is strictly an cndoyenmis formation. 
/;-,-.- n. 
2. In anat. : (a) Same as autogenous, (b) In- 
closed in a common cavity of the matrix, as 
cartilage-cells. -Endogenous cell-formation, the 
development of daughter-cells within the mother-cell. 
endogenously (en-doj'e-nus-li), adv. In an 
endogenous manner; internally. 
endognathal (en-dog'na-thal), a. [< Gr. Mov, 
within, + jixiflof, jaw, +' -</.'] Of or pertaining 
to a modification of the three terminal joints of 
the gnathostegite or third thoracic appendage 
in brachyurous crustaceans. See gnathostegite. 
The three terminal joints of the limb remain small, and 
constitute a palpiform appendage the endognathal palp. 
Hnxtey, Anat Invert, p. 299. 
endogonidium (en'do-go-nid'i-nm), n. ; pi. endo- 
gonidia (-S). [NL.,'< Gr. Mov, within, + NL. 
aonidium.'q. v.] Agonidium (conidium) formed 
inside of a cell by free cell-formation, as in Sa- 
prolegnia, Mucor, FatieAeria.theyeast-plant.etc. 
These enioyonidia being set free by the dissolution of 
the wall of the parent-cell soon enlarge and comport 
themselves as ordinary yeast cells. 
W. B. Carpenter, Microa., | 111. 
