epanastrophe 
phrase which ends one clause or sentence is 
immediately repeated as the beginning of the 
next : samn as anadiplosis, 
epanisognathism (ep // a-ni-gog'na-thizm). . 
[As riiitiiiaiii/iiiilli-dux + -ism.] That inequality 
of the teeth of opposite jaws in which the upper 
are narrower than the lower ones. 
The two types of anisoKimthi.sin urny be termed hypani- 
soKimthism (Lcpus, IJiplarthra) anil epanitoanathimi (Ca- 
viiJ.io. Cop,-. Vincr. Niit., XXII. II. 
epanisognathous (ep'a-ni-sog'na-thus), a. [< 
Or. iiri, upon, over, + aviaof, unequal, T j-vaflof, 
jaw. Cf. anisognathous.] Having the upper 
teeth narrower than the lower ones j marked by 
that case of anisognathism which is the oppo- 
site of hypanisognathism. Cope. 
epanodont (e-pan'o-dont), a. [< NL. "epano- 
<? (-odont-), < Gr. 'cirdvu, above, on top (< tiri, 
upon, + &vu, above : see epi- and ano-), + oioif 
(odovr-) = E. tooth.] Having only upper teeth, 
as a serpent; of or pertaining to the Epano- 
donta. 
Epanodonta (e-pan-o-don'ta), n. pi. [NL.. 
neut. pi. of "epanodus (-odont-): see epanodont.'] 
A suborder of angiostomous O}>hidia having 
only upper teeth, whence the name : contermi- 
nous with the family TypJtlopidte (which see). 
The technical characters are otherwise the same as those 
of Catodonta, excepting that the maxillary is free and ver- 
tical and there is no puhis. 
epanodos (e-pan'o-dos), n. [NL., < Or. exavo- 
ooc, a rising up, a return, recapitulation, < tiri, 
upon, to, -t- Avooof, a way up: see anode.] In 
rhet. : (a) Recapitulation of the chief points or 
heads in a discourse ; enumeration ; especially, 
recapitulation of the principal points in an 
order the reverse of that in which they were 
previously treated, recurring to the last point 
first, and so returning toward the earlier topics 
or arguments. (6) Repetition of names or top- 
ics singly, with further discussion or charac- 
terization of each, after having at first merely 
mentioned or enumerated them. 
epanody (e-pan'6-di), n. [< Gr. MvoSos, a re- 
turn: see epanodos.] In bot., the reversion of 
an abnormally irregular form of flower to a 
regular form. 
epanorthosis (ep'an-6r-tho'sis), n. [LL., < Gr. 
eirav6p6<jatf, a correction, < inavop66ctv, set up 
again, restore, correct, < hrl, upon, to, 4- avop- 
Boeiv, set up again, < avd, up, -t- bp66etv, make 
straight, < op66f, straight.] In rhet., a figure 
consisting in immediate revocation of a word 
or statement in order to correct, justify, miti- 
gate, or intensify it, usually the last : as, " Most 
brave act. Brave, did I say T Most heroic act." 
Also called epidiorthosis. 
epanthem (e-pan'them), n. (X Gr. fir&vOqfta (see 
the def.), < eiravOelv, bloom, effloresce, be on the 
surface, < eiri, upon, + avSetv, bloom.] Abloom- 
ing; efflorescence; the most striking part. 
Epanthem of Thymaridas, a rule of algebra to the ef- 
fect that, if the sum of a number of quantities be given, 
together with all the sums of the first of them added to 
each of the others, then the sums of these pairs dimin- 
ished by the flrst sum is the flrst quantity multiplied by a 
number less by 2 than the number of the quantities. 
epanthous (e-pan'thus), a. [< Gr. M, upon, + 
avthf, a flower.] In bot., growing upon flow- 
ers, as certain fungi. 
epapillate (e-pa-pfi'at), a. [< NL. "epapilla- 
tun, < L. e-priv. + papilla, nipple: see papilla.] 
Not papillate; destitute of papillae or protu- 
berances. 
epapophyses. . Plural of cpapophysis. 
epapophysial (ep'a-po-fiz'i-al), a. [< epa- 
pophysis + -al.] Pertaining to an epapophy- 
sis : as, an epapophysial process. 
epapophysis (op-a-pof 'i-sis), n. ; pi. epapophy- 
ses (-sez). [NL., < Gr. eni, upon, + axtxfvais, 
an outgrowth, apophysis: see apophysis.] In 
anat., a median process of a vertebra upon the 
dorsal aspect of its centrum : opposed to hypa- 
pophysis. 
epappose (e-pap'os), a. [< L. e- priv. + NL. 
pappus, pappus.] In bot., having no pappus. 
eparch (ep'ark), n. [< Gr. tvapxof, a com- 
mander, prefect. < M, on, + aprfi, government, 
rule, < fipxetv, rule.] 1. In ancient and modern 
Greece, the governor or prefect of an eparchy. 
1961 
territory under the jurisdiction of an eparch or 
governor ; in modern Greece, a subdivision of 
a nomarchy or province, itself divided into 
denies, corresponding to the arrondissements 
and communes of France. 2. In the early 
church and in the Or. Ch., an ecclesiastical di- 
vision answering to the civil province. An eparchy 
was a subdivision of a diocese In the ancient sense, that 
is, a patriarchate or exarchate, and in its turn contained 
dioceses in the modern tense (paraecia). In the liusslon 
church all dioceses are called eparchies. 
eparterial (ep-ar-te'ri-al), a. [< Gr. M, upon, 
+ aprqpia, artery: see artery, arterial.] Situ- 
ated above an artery. 
epatka (e-pat'ktt), n. An Alaskan name of the 
horned puffin, ifratercula corniculata. //. /i . 
Elliott. 
epaule (e-pal'), n. [< F. epaule, the shoulder: 
see epaulet.] In fort., the shoulder of a bas- 
tion, or the angle made by the face and flank. 
epaulement, . See epaulment. 
epaulet, epaulette (ep'a-let), n. r= D. G. Pan. 
epaulette = Sw. epalett, < F. epaulette, an epau- 
let, dim. of epaule, OF. espaule, espalle = Pr. 
espatla = Sp. Pg. espalda = It. spalla, the shoul- 
der, < L. spatula, a broad piece, a blade, ML. 
the shoulder: see spatula.] 1. A shoulder- 
piece ; an ornamental badge worn on the shoul- 
der; specifically, a strap proceeding from the 
collar, and terminating on the shoulder in a 
disk, from which depends a fringe of cord, usu- 
ally in bullion, but sometimes in worsted or 
other material, according to the rank of the 
wearer, etc. EpauleU were worn In the British arm) 
until 1865, and are still worn in the navy by all officers of 
and above the rank of lieutenant, and by some civil offi- 
cers. They were worn by all officer* In the United States 
army until 1872 ; since that time only general officers wear 
them ; all other commissioned officers wear shoulder- 
knota of gold bullion. All United States naval officers 
above the grade of ensign wear epaulets. In the French 
army the private soldiers wear epaulets of worsted. See 
shtjulder-strap, ehoulder-knot. 
Their old vanity was led by art to take another turn : it 
was dazzled and seduced by military liveries, cockades, 
and epaulets. Burke, Appeal to Old Whigs. 
2. (a) The shoulder-piece in the armor of the 
fourteenth century, especially when small and 
fitting closely to the person, as compared with 
the large pauldron of later days. 
The epautettet are articulated. 
J. Hewitt, Ancient Armour, II. Ix. 
(6) The shoulder-covering of splints forming 
part of the light and close-fitting armor of the 
' 
The prefects and the eparcha will resort 
To the Bucoleon with what speed they may. 
Sir H. Taylor, Isaac I'omnenus, 11. 3. 
2. In the Russian Ch., a bishop as governing 
an eparchy; especially, a metropolitan. See 
<l>iii-<-lty, '2. 
eparchy (ep'iir-ki), . : pi. c/iarrliiey (-kiz). [< 
Gr. eirapx'", t.lirapxof, eparch : see eparch.] 1. 
In ancient Greece, a province, prefecture, or 
Epaulets, tsth and i6th centuries. 
I From Vlollet-le-nuc's " Diet, du Mobilier fran^ais.") 
sixteenth century. 3. In dressmaking, an or- 
nament for the shoulder, its form changing 
with the different fashions. 4. In entom., the 
tegula or plate covering the base of the anterior 
wing in hymenopterous insects. [Rare.] 
epauleted, epauletted (ep'a-let-ed), a. [< 
epaulet + -ea2.] Furnished with epaulets. 
The secretary did not entertain the highest opinion of 
his epauletted siilwrdinates. If. A. Rev., CX I.II. 546. 
epauliere (a-po-lyar'), n. [< F. epauliere, OF. 
epauliere, also called espaulle, < Epaule, espaule, 
the shoulder: see epaulet.] In armor, the de- 
vices, more or less elaborate 
according to the period, etc., 
serving to protect the shoul- 
der, or to connect breastplate 
and backpiece at the shoul- 
der. Also espauliere. 
epaulment, epaulement (e- 
pal'ment), n. [F. epaulement, 
< < : i>niiler, shoulder, support, 
protect by an epaulment, < 
Epaule, the shoulder: see 
epaule.] In fort., originally, 
a mass of earth raised for the 
purpose either of protecting 
a body of troops at one ex- 
tremity of their line, or of 
forming a wing or shoulder of 
a battery to prevent the guns 
from being dismounted by an enfilading fire. 
The term is now, however, used by the artillery arm of 
the service to designate the whole mass of earth or other 
t, fepaulifcre, about 
135. (From Viol let- 
ependytes 
material which protects the guns In a battery both In 
front and on either flank ; ami an epaulment can be dU- 
UiiKUished from a parapet only by being without the ban- 
quette or step at the foot of the interior side on which the 
men stand to Are over a parapet IU application Include! 
the covering mass for a mortar-battery, also the maw 
thrown up to screen reserve artillery. 
epaxal (ep-ak'sal), a. Same as epaxial. Wilder. 
epazial (ep-ak'si-al), a. [< Qr.trt, upon, + L. 
axis, axis: see on* 1 , axial.] In anat., of verte- 
brates : (a) Situated upon or over the axis of the 
body formed by the series of bodies of verte- 
bra): opposed to Injiirtj'iitl : thus equivalent to 
neural as distinguished from hemal, or to dor- 
sal as distinguished from ventral. 
From this axil [the back-bone) we hare seen correspond- 
ing arches to arise and enclose the spinal marrow ; . . . 
and such arches, as they extend above the axis, have been 
termed epaxial. Mivart, Elem. Anat., p. 219. 
(b) Situated upon the back or dorsal aspect of 
a limb: thus, the elbow is epaxial. 
Also epaxal, epiaxial. 
epaxially (ep-ak'si-al-i), adv. In an epaxial 
situation or direction: as, muscles which lie 
epaxially. 
Epeira (e-pi'rS), n. [NL., named in reference 
to its web, prop. Epira, < Gr. M, on, + tlpof, 
wool.] The typical genus of spiders of the 
family Epeiridti, having a nearly globular ab- 
domen. The common British garden-spider, diadem- 
spider, or cross-spider, B. diadema, Is a handsome and 
characteristic species ; there are many others. Walckenarr, 
1806. See cut under IT-TIT tjtidrr 
Epeiridae (e-pi'ri-de), n. pi. [NL. ; < Epeira + 
-ida;.] A family of sedentary orbitelarian spi- 
ders which spin circular webs consisting of ra- 
diating threads crossed by a spiral. They have 
two pulmonary sacs, the flrst two pairs of legs longer than 
the others, and eight eyes, of which the lateral pairs are 
widely separated from the middle four. It is a large fam- 
ily of brightly colored and in some cases oddly shuped spe- 
cies, among the most showy of spiders. They make no at- 
tempt to conceal the web. Epeira is the leading genus ; 
Nepnila is another. Also Ejnridcf. 
Epeirote, Epeirot, ". See Epirote. 
epeisodion (ep-I-so'di-on), n. ; pi. epcisodia (-ft). 
[< Gr. iireiaMtov : see episode.] In the anc. Gr. 
drama, especially in tragedy, a part of a play 
following upon the first entrance (the parodos) 
of the chorus, or upon the entrance or reen- 
trance of actors after a stasimon or song of the 
whole chorus from its place in the orchestra; 
hence, one of the main divisions of the action 
in a drama; a division of a play answering ap- 
proximately to an act in the modern drama. 
epencephal (ep-en'sef-al), . Same as epen- 
cephalon. 
epencephala, n. Plural of eiiencephalon. 
epencephalic (e-pen-se-fal'ik or ep-en-sef'a- 
fik), a. [< epencephalon + -ic.] 1. Of or per- 
taining to the epencephalon : as, the epencephal- 
ic region of the brain. 2. Occipital, as a bone; 
hindmost, as one of four cranial segments or so- 
called cranial vertebrae. Owen. 
The epencephalic or occipital vertebra has also a neural 
and a luemal arch. 
Toad and Bowman, Physlol. Anat., II. 507. 
epencephalon (ep-en-sef'a-lon), n. ; pi. epen- 
cephala (-IS). [NL.. < Gr. exi, on, + tyxf^a/'of, 
the brain: see encepnalon.] In anat.: (a) That 
part of the brain which consists of the cerebel- 
lum and pons Varolii. Also called metencepha- 
lon (which see). (6) The foregoing together 
with the medulla oblongata. 
While It is convenient to recognize the epencephalon, its 
precise limits are difficult to assign. 
Wilder and Gage, Anat. Tech., p. 478. 
Also epencephal. 
ependutes, n. See ependytes. 
ependyma (e-pen'di-mft), n. [NL., < Gr. ivtv- 
3vua, an upper garment, < eirevdiecv. ivevivvttv, 
put on over, < hi, upon, over, + hivetv, put on, 
> h'fvfia, a garment: see endyma.] The lining 
membrane of the cerebral ventricles (except 
the fifth) and of the central canal of the spinal 
cord. Also endyma. 
ependymal (e-pen'di-mal), a. [< ependyma + 
-al.] Of or pertaining to the epeudyma of the 
brain; entocoelian, with reference to the lining 
membrane of the cavities of the brain : as, epen- 
dymal tissue. Also endymal. 
ependymitis (e-pen-di-rm'tis), H. [< ependyma 
+ -itis.] Inpathol., inflammation of the epen- 
dyma. 
ependysis (e-pen'di-sis), . [MGr. exMvoic, < 
Gr. e vtvdiieiv, put on over: see ependyma.] Same 
as ependytes (b). 
ependytes (e-pen'di-tez), n. [LL., < Gr. 
oiT^f , a tunic worn over another, < c-evdi-eiv, put 
on over: see ependyma.] In the Gr. Ch. : (a) 
Anciently, an outer mantle or garment, usually 
