ependytes 
of skins, worn especially by monks and her- 
mits. Apparently the name was sometimes re- 
tained even when it was the only garment. (6) 
The outer altar-cloth. Also called ependysis, 
haploma, and trapezophoroii. Also ependutes. 
While the catasarka is being fastened to the table, 
Psalm 132 is sung ; and while the ependutes is laid over 
it, Psalm 93 is sung. J. M. Neale, Eastern Church, i. 1045. 
epenetict (ep-e-net'ik), a. [Formerly also epe- 
bestowing praise. 
In whatever kind of poetry, whether the epick, the 
dramatick, . . . the epasnetick, the bucolick, or the epi- 
gram. E. Phillips, Theatrum Poetarum, Pref. 
epenthesis (e-pen'the-sis), n. [LL., < Gr. mh- 
Beaif, insertion, as of a letter, < "ETr^vfferof^ in- 
serted, < iKevrideoOat, insert, < CTH, upon, + hri- 
OeaScu, put in, < EV, in, + riBcadai, put : see thesis.] 
In gram., the insertion of a letter or syllable 
in the middle of a word, as alitttum for alitum. 
Epenthesis is the addition of elements, chiefly to facili- 
tate pronunciation. S. S. Haldeman, Etymology, p. 29. 
epenthesy (e-pen'the-si), n. [< LL. epenthesis.] 
Same as epenthesis. 
epenthetic (ep-en-thet'ik), a. [< Gr. enev6eriK6f, 
inserted, < *eirev6croi, inserted, < cirevriBeaSm, 
insert: see epenthesis.] Of the nature of epen- 
thesis ; inserted in the middle of a word. 
In a language that permits the coexistence of three ac- 
centuations of one word, ... as Modern Greek does, the 
shifting of an accent from an original to an epenthetic 
vowel cannot be regarded as astonishing or abnormal. 
Amer. Jour. Philol., V. 611. 
epergne (e-pern'), n. [Appar. < F. epargne, 
thrift, economy, though the connection is not 
clear. The French word equivalent to epergne, 
especially in the sense of a purely ornamental 
or artistic piece, is surtout.] An ornamental 
piece serving as a centerpiece for the dinner- 
table, and, in its complete form, having one or 
several baskets or small dishes, which are usu- 
ally detachable and serve to contain flowers, 
fruit, bonbons, and other articles of the dessert, 
etc. : sometimes merely ornamental, as a group 
of figures. Epergnes are usually of silver, 
sometimes of gilt bronze, glass, or other ma- 
terial. 
Epernay (a-per-na'), . [< Epernay, a town in 
France.] 1. A white French wine produced 
near Epernay, in the department of Marne, fa- 
mous since the middle ages. 2. A name given 
to certain sparkling champagnes, usually be- 
cause the manufacturing establishments are 
situated about the town of Epernay. 
eperotesis (ep-er-o-te'sis), n. [< Gr. eirep&Tqaif, 
a questioning, consulting, < kirepwav, consult, 
inquire, < eiri, upon, to, + cporrdv, ask, inquire: 
see erotesis.] In rhet., the use of a question or 
questions without expecting an answer from 
another person, in order to express astonish- 
ment, or to suggest to the minds of the hearers 
answers favorable to the speaker's cause ; es- 
pecially, the use of an unbroken series of rhe- 
torical questions. Sometimes called erotesis. 
See hypophora. 
Eperua (e-per'6-a), n. [NL., < Carib. eperu, the 
name of the fruit.] A genus of tropical South 
American leguminous trees, of 
half a dozen species, of which 
the wallaba (E. falcata) is the 
most important. The tree is 
abundant in the forests of British 
Guiana, and bears a large, curiously 
curved flat pod. Its wood is hard 
and heavy, of a deep-red color, and 
impregnated with a resinous oil, 
which makes it very durable. 
epexegesis (ep-ek-se-je'sis), n. 
[NL., < Gr. i-neS-fiyrioif, a de- 
tailed account, explanation, < 
KeS;iiyeia6<u, recount in detail, 
< M, upon, + e^rrfelaBai, re- 
count, explain: see exegesis.] 
Subjoined explanation or elu- 
cidation; specifically, in rhet., 
the act of subjoining a word, 
phrase, clause, or passage in order to explain 
more fully the meaning of an indefinite or ob- 
scure expression ; the immediate restatement 
of an idea in a clearer or fuller form. 
epexegetic, epexegetical (ep-ek-se-jet'ik, -i- 
kal), a. [< epexegesis (-get-) + -ic', -ical. Cf. 
exegetic.] Subjoined by way of explanation; 
marking an explanatory addition, or used in 
additional explanation: as, an epexegetical 
phrase; the epexegetic infinitive; and is some- 
times epexegetic. 
1962 
epexegetically (ep-ek-se-jet'i-kal-i), adv. In or 
as an explanatory addition ; for the purpose of 
additional explanation : as, a clause introduced 
epexegetically ; the infinitive may be used epexe- 
getically. 
ephah, epha (e'fa), . [Repr. Heb. ephah (cf. 
Coptic dipt, LGr. o'upi, oityei, LL. ephi), a mea- 
sure : perhaps of Egyptian origin : cf . Coptic 
epi, measure, op, dpi, count.] A Hebrew dry 
measure, equal to the liquid measure called a 
bath (which see). 
Ye shall have just balances, and a just ephah, and a just 
bath. The ephah and the bath shall be of one measure, 
that the bath may contain the tenth part of an homer, and 
the ephah the tenth part of an homer. Ezek. xlv. 10, 11. 
And Gideon went in, and made ready a kid, and un- 
leavened cakes of an ephah of flour. Judges vi. 19. 
ephebe (ef 'eb), . [< Gr. e^?/?of, a youth, < im, 
upon, + tjli-n, youth: see Hebe.] In Gr. antiq., 
particularly at Athens, a young man, the son 
of a citizen, between the ages of 18 and 20. At 
Athens, upon attaining the age ol 18 each youth was sub- 
jected to an examination as to his physical development 
and his legal claims to citizenship, and received his first 
arms. During the next two years his education, both men- 
tal and physical, was taken in charge by the state, and con- 
ducted under the most rigid discipline, in conformity with 
a fixed course designed to prepare him to understand and 
to perform the duties of citizenship. Upon being admitted 
to take the sacred oath he received some of the citizen's 
privileges, and he became a full citizen after completing 
with honor his two years as an ephebe. Hence, in works 
on Greek art, etc., the name is applied to any youth, par- 
ticularly if bearing arms, or otherwise shown to be of free 
estate. Also ephebos. 
ephebeum (ef-e-be ' um), n, ; pi. ephebea (-a). 
[< Gr. 0i?/3eov,'< ei/a/faf, a youth: see ephebe.] 
A building, inclosure, etc., devoted to the ex- 
ercise or recreation of ephebes. 
The ephebeum, the large circular hall in the centre of 
the whole [thermae]. 
C. O. Miiller, Manual of Archa;ol. (trans.), 292. 
ephebic (e-fe'bik), a. [< Gr. i<jyijiui6f, < 0)?/3of, a 
youth: see ephebe.] Of or pertaining to an 
ephebe, or to the ancient Greek system of pub- 
lic instruction of young men to fit them for the 
duties and privileges of citizenship. 
It is possible, however, that the Diogeneium the only 
gymnasium mentioned in the Ephebic inscriptions of the 
imperial period was built about this time. 
Encyc. Brit., III. 9. 
ephebolic (ef-e-bol'ik), a. Of or pertaining to 
ephebology; relating to the later adolescent 
and the mature stages of an animal organism. 
This [clinologic stage] immediately succeeded the ephe- 
bolic stage, and during its continuance the nealogic and 
ephebolic characteristics underwent retrogression. 
Science, XI. 42. 
ephebologic (e-fe-bo-loj'ik), a. [< ephebology + 
-ic.] Characterized by the acquisition at puber- 
ty and possession during adult life of specific 
or peculiar features ; of or pertaining to ephe- 
bolo 
ephemeris 
the typical genus of May-flies or day-flies of 
the family Ephemerida, having three long cau- 
dal filaments. E. vulgata is a common European spe- 
cies ; E. (Leptophlebia) cuputa is one of the commonest in 
the northeastern United States. See cut under day-fly. 
3. A May-fly, day-fly, or shad-fly; an epheme- 
rid. See Ephemerida: and May-fly. 
The Ephemera, weak as it is individually, maintains it- 
self in the world by its prolificacy. Brooks and ponds 
are richly populated with their young, and through the 
summer, when they come to maturity and take their 
flight, these delicate beings appeal- in immense numbers. 
They rise from the waters of our great inland lakes, fall a 
rapid prey to the waves, and are washed ashore in enor- 
mous quantities, their dead bodies forming windrows, 
comparable in extent with the sea-wrack of oceanic shores. 
They settle down in clouds in the streets of the lake cities, 
obscuring the street-lamps, and astonishing the passer-by. 
Stand. Sat. Hist., II. 152. 
4. Anything very short-lived. 
ephemera 2 (e-fem'e-ra), n. Plural of ephem- 
eron. 
Ephemerae (e-fem'e-re), n. pi. [NL., pi. of 
ephemera 1 .] The May-flies collectively, with- 
out implication of their taxonomic rank as a 
group. 
ephemeral (e-fem'e-ral), . and n. [< ephemer- 
ous + -a/.] I. a. 1. In zool., lasting but one 
day; ephemeric; ephemerous. Hence 2. Ex- 
isting or continuing for a very short time only ; 
short-lived; transitory. 
Esteem, lasting esteem, the esteem of good men like 
himself, will be his reward, when the gale of ephemeral 
popularity shall have gradually subsided. 
V. Knox, Grammar Schools. 
Ephemeral monsters, to be seen but once ! 
Things that could only show themselves and die. 
Wordsworth, Pi-elude, x. 
This suggests mention of the ephemeral group of lyrists 
that gathered about the serials of his time. 
Stedman, Viet. Poets, p. 255. 
They [reviews] share the ephemeral character of the 
rest of our popular literature. 
Stubbs, Medieval and Modern Hist., p. 55. 
Also, rarely, ephemerie. 
= Syn. 2. Transient, fleeting, evanescent. 
fl. n. Anything which lasts or lives but for 
a day or for a very short time, as certain in- 
sects. 
ephemerality (e-fem-e-ral'i-ti), n. : pi. epheme- 
ralities (-tiz). [< ephemeral + -ity.] The qual- 
ity or state of being ephemeral; that which is 
ephemeral ; a transient trifle. 
This lively companion . . . chattered ephemeralities 
while Gerard wrote the immortal lives. 
C. Reade, Cloister and Hearth, Ixi. 
ephemeran (e-fem'e-ran). a. and n. [< ephemer- 
ous + -an.] Same'asejjJiewieroZ. [Bare.] 
ephemeric (ef-e-mer'ik), a. [< ephemer-ous + 
-ic.] Same as 'ephemeral. 
ephemerid (e-fem'e-rid), n. In entom., an in- 
sect of the family Ephemerida. 
Ephemeridae (et-e-mer'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < 
Ephemera 1 , 2, + -ides.] The typical and single 
family of pseudoneuropterous insects of the 
oology. family of pseudoneuropterous insects of the 
ephebology (ef-e-bol 0-31), n. [< Gr. %/3o f , suborder Ephemerina; the May-flies, day-flies, 
a youth (see ephebe), + -Wy ia ,< ^yv, speak: or ep h e merids, so called from the shortness of 
Flower of F.perua 
grandiflora. 
, , , 
see-ology.] The science of puberty ; especial- 
ly, the doctrine of the morphological correla- 
tions of the later adolescent and earlier adult 
stages of growth of any animal, during which 
it acquires characters more or less specific or 
peculiar to itself, in comparison with related 
organisms. Hyatt, Proc. Best. Soc. Nat. Hist., 
1887. 
Ephedra (ef'e-dra), n. [NL. ("quasi planta re- 
bus vicinis insidens" Tournefort, 1700), < Gr. 
M, upon, + I6pa, a seat.] A genus of low, di- 
oecious, gnetaceous shrubs, of about 20 species, 
found in desert or alkaline regions of the warm- 
er temperate latitudes. Six or eight species occur in 
the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. 
They are nearly leafless, with numerous opposite or ter- 
nate equisetum-like branches. The fruit consists of from 
1 to 3 hard, coriaceous, triangular envelops, surrounded 
by several pairs of bracts, and each inclosing a single seed. 
The fruit, or the inclosing bracts, are sometimes fleshy. 
The stems contain a considerable amount of tannin, and 
are used as a popular remedy for venereal diseases. 
ephelis (e-fe'lis), n. ; pi. ephelides (-li-dez). 
[NL., < Gr. ifyi)kii;, Ityrfku; (-((5-), in pi. rough 
spots which stud the face (or, according to 
others, freckles, the sense taken in mod. use), 
< Itrl, on, + r/hof, a nail, stud, wart (or, irreg., < 
?;Aiop, the sun).] A freckle (which see). 
ephemera 1 (e-fem'e-ra), n. ; pi. ephemera or 
ephemeras (-re, -raz)!' [? NL. ephemera (in def . 1, 
ac.febris, fever; "in def. 3, sc. musca, fly), fern. 
of ephemerus, < Gr. ^tpo?, for the day, daily, 
living but a day, short-lived (TO cQt/fiepov, an 
insect, perhaps Ephemera longicauda; irtywrof 
Itffispof, a fever lasting for a day) : see ephem- 
erous.] 1. A fever which lasts but a day or a 
very short period. 2. [cap.] [NL.] In en torn., 
their lives after reaching the perfect winged 
state, in which they have no jaws, take no food, 
but propagate and speedily die. The head is 
small and rounded, with large eyes meeting on top, and 
minute subulate 3-jointed antenna) ; the mouth-parts are 
wanting or are very rudimentary ; the thorax is globose, 
with a small collar-like prothorax ; the abdomen is elon- 
gate and slender, terminated by 2 or 3 long, slender fila- 
ments ; and the wings are closely net-veined, the hinder 
pair much smaller than the fore, or wanting. Though 
so fragile and fugacious in the imago, these insects in the 
larval and pupal states are long-lived, existing many 
months or for two or three years, have well-developed 
jaws, and are predaceous ; they live in the water, and are 
notable for molts or castings of the skin, sometimes to 
the number of 20 ; they are well known to anglers as bait. 
There are about 12 leading genera, and individuals of 
various species swarm in prodigious numbers. In the 
United States many of the species are indiscriminately 
called shad-flies, from their appearance when shad are 
running. Also Ephemerida, Ephemerides, Ephemerina, 
Ephemerina?. See cut under day-fly. 
ephemerides, . Plural of ephemeris; formerly 
sometimes used as a singular. 
ephemeridian (e-fem-e-rid'i-an), . [< ephem- 
eris (-rid-) + -ian.] Delating to an ephemeris. 
ephemerii, n. Plural of ephcmerius. 
Ephemerina (e-fem-e-ri'nii), n. pi. [NL., < 
Ejiliemcra 1 , 2, + -ina.] A snbordinal group 
of pseudoneuropterous insects, the May-flies: 
same as Agnafhi or Subuticornes. 
ephemerinoUS (e-fem-e-ri'nus), a. [< Epheme- 
ra 1 , 2, + -iae 1 + -ous.] Pertaining to or struc- 
turally allied to the Eplicmerifla-. 
ephemeris (e-fem'e-ris), n. ; pi. ephemerides (ef- 
e-mer'i-dez). [< L. ephemeris, < Gr. tymteptf, a 
diary, journal, calendar, < f/bfyftepof, for the day, 
daily: see ephemerous, ephemera*.] 1. A daily 
record; a diary; a chronological statement of 
