eternness 
2016 
Corruption and rtmiww at one time, operculum. Tliere are about 70 species. Also Etheosto- 
And in one subject, let together, loosse? matintg. See cut under darter. 
Chapman, Byron's Tragedy, etheostomold (e-the-O8 to-moid), a. and n. I. 
a. Pertaining to or liaving the characters of the 
Etheostomoidai or Etlieostomida;. 
II. n. A fish of the family Etheostomoidai or 
Ethcostomida'. L. Agassiz. 
etesian (e-te'jian), a. [= F. etesiens, pi., = Sp. 
^ ' L. 
Pg. It. etes-f'o (It. more common etesic, pi.), < 
etesims, < Gr. erijaiof, lasting a year, recurring 
The term was especially applied by Greek and Roman 
writers to the winds which blow from the north during ether 1 (e ther), . 
- 
the summer months, with great regularity and accom- 
panied by a clear sky, over the Mediterranean, especially 
in its eastern portion. The etesian wind is the trade-wind 
abnormally prolonged toward the north by the peculiar 
climatic influences of the Sahara. 
And he who rules the raging wind, 
To thee, O sacred ship, be kind ; 
And gentle breezes fill thy sails, 
Supplying soft Etesian gales. 
Dryden, tr. of Horace's Odes, i. 3. 
etete' (F. pron. a-ta-ta'), a. [F., < e- priv. + tfte, 
head: see tete.'] In he,:, headless: applied to 
a beast or bird used as a bearing. Such a bearing 
is usually represented with the neck erased, as if the head 
had been torn off violently. 
eth (eth or eTH), n. [< e, the usual assistant 
vowel in letter-names, as in es, em, etc., + th, 
representing AS. ot: see th.] A name of the 
Anglo-Saxon character <1 or 6, used to distin- 
[Also (etlter ; = 1? . etltei = 
, . 
p r _ c t], er Sp. eter = Pg. ether = It. ctere = D. 
ether = Gr. cither = Dan. tether = Sw. eter, < L. 
(vther, < Gr. <zi%>, the upper, purer air (opposed 
to af/p, the lower air), hence heaven, the abode 
of the gods ; also the blue sky (of. aWpa, alfipt/, 
the clear sky, fair weather), < aWeiv, kindle, 
burn, glow: see estive 1 , estiva!.'] 1. The upper 
air ; the blue heavens. It was supposed by Aris- 
totle to extend from the fixed stars down to 
the moon. 
There fields of light and liquid ether flow, 
Purg'd from the pond'rous dregs of earth below. 
Dryden. 
It lies in Heaven, across the flood 
Of ether. D. O. Rossetti, Blessed Damozel. 
etherification 
or heaven; heavenly; celestial; spiritual: as, 
ethereal space ; ethereal regions. 
Nor would I, as thou dost ambitiously aspire 
To thrust thy forked top into th' etherial fire. 
Drayton, Polyolbion, vii. 
Go, heavenly gnest, ethereal messenger, 
Sent from whose Sovran Goodness I adore ! 
Milton, P. L., viii. 646. 
Those cethe.real fires shall then be scattered and dis- 
persed throughout the Universe, so that the Earth and all 
the works that are therein shall be turned into one funer- 
al Pile. Stillingflert, Sermons, I. xi. 
2. Figuratively, having the characteristics of 
ether or air ; light, intangible, etc. 
A lady . . . with ... an ethereal lightness that made 
you look at her beautifully slippered feet, to see whether 
she trod on the dust or floated in the air. 
Hawthorn*, Seven Gables, ni. 
3. Existing in the air; resembling air; looking 
blue like the sky; aerial : as, " ethereal moun- 
tains," Thomson. 4. In physics, of, pertain- 
ing to, or having the constitution of ether 
(sense 2). 
It has been supposed for a long time that light consists 
of waves transmitted through an extremely thin ethereal 
jelly that pervades all space. 
W. K. Cli/ord, Lectures, I. 85. 
guish it from the other character for th, namely amO ng the molecules of which solid bodies are 
2. In astro,,, and physics, a. hypothetical me- 5 j ; f or pertaining to an ether or to 
djum of extreme tenuity and el astjcity supposed ft ^, (em /liquids,GYe,,0n,_ Ethereal 
to be diffused throughout all space (as well as 
J), called thorn. See thorn and th. 
-eth 1 . [See -th 1 .] A suffix now merged in -Wi 1 , 
of which it is one of the forms. See -th 1 , 
-eth a . [See -tip.] The form of -th, the ordi- 
nal suffix, after a vowel, as in -twentieth, thirti- 
eth, etc. See -tlft. 
-eth 3 . [ME. -eth, < AS. -eth, -atli, etc. See -tfi 3 
and -es 3 , -s 3 .] The older form of the suffix of 
the third person singular present indicative of 
verbs, as in singeth, hopeth, etc. See -th 3 and 
-e* 3 , -s s . 
ethal (e'thal), n. [< eth(er) + al(cohol).] Ce- 
tyl alcohol (Ci6H 33 OH), a substance separated 
from spermaceti by Chevreul, and named by 
him. It is a solid, fusible at nearly the same point as 
spermaceti, and on cooling crystallizes in plates. It is sus- 
ceptible of union with various bases, with which it forms 
salts or soaps. 
ethaldehyde (e-thal'de-hid), n. [< eth(er) + 
aldehyde.] An oxidation product of alcohol 
(CH 3 CHO). It is a mobile inflammable liquid liaving 
a pungent odor, used in the arts as a sol vent and reducing 
agent. Also called acetic aldehyde or acetaldehyae. 
ethet, a. and adv. See eath. 
ethel 1 (eth'el), n. [AS. ethel, inheritance, prop- 
erty, home: see allodium, tidal.] In Anglo- 
Saxon times, the domain or allotment of an in- 
dividual. 
Whatever land a man could call his own, whether it 
was the house and enclosure of the free Townsman or the 
domain of the king or great man, was his ethel or alod. 
K. E. Digby, Hist. Law of Real Prop., p. 11. 
The land held in full ownership might be either an 
ethel, an inherited or otherwise acquired portion of ori- 
ginal allotment, or an estate created by legal process out 
of the public land. Stubbs, Const. Hist., 36. 
ethe! 2 t (eth'el), a. See atheP. 
etheling, . See atheling. 
ethene (e'then), n. [< eth(er) + -ene.] Same as 
ethylene. 
Etheostoma (e-the-os'to-ma), n. [NL. (Kafi- 
nesque, 1819), provided by the orig. namer with 
a de 
that 
(G 
zoologists 
another etymology, namely, irreg. < Gr. rfleiv, 
sift, strain, + aro/m, mouth.] A genus of small 
American fresh-water fishes, typical of a sub- 
family Etheostominai and family Etheostomidw. 
composed), and to be the medium of the trans- 
mission of light and heat. See the extract. 
The phenomena of Light are best explained as those of 
undulations; but undulations, even in the most extensive 
tion whose periodicity obeys the lawsof wave motion, must 
be propagated through some medium. Heat, while passing 
through space, presents exactly the same undulatory char- 
acter, and requires a medium for its propagation. Elec- 
trical attraction and repulsion are explained in far the 
extract, an extract made by means of a menstruum con- 
taining ether. Ethereal medium, the ether. Ethe- 
real Oil. (a) The oleum tetherlnm of the pharmacopoeia, 
a volatile liquid consisting of equal volumes of heavy 
oil of wine and of stronger ether. Also called heavy oil of 
inne. (b) Same as volatile oil (which see, under volatile). 
= Syn. 1. Airy, aerial, empyreal. 
etherealisation, etherealise. See etherealiza- 
tion, etherealize. 
etherealism (e-the're-al-izm), n. [< ethereal + 
-ism.] The state or character of being ethe- 
real ; ethereality. Eclectic Rev. 
ethereality 
due to a throb or series of throbs in such a medium, when -ity.] The quality or condition of being ethe- 
released from stress. Magnetic phenomena seem due to 
local whirlpools, set up in such a medium. . . . We are 
we call the Luminiferous Ether, or simply the Ether; that 
it can convey energy ; that it can present it at any instant, 
partly in the form of kinetic, partly in that of potential 
energy; that it is therefore capable of displacement and 
of tension ; and that it must have rigidity and elasticity. 
Calculation leads us to infer that its density is (Clerk Max- 
well) nnmronMfraRrainnnia that of water, or equal to 
density vastly greater than that of the same atmosphere in 
the interstellar spaces, and that its rigidity is about 
nnnreJsnoij that of steel ; hence, that it is easily displace- 
able by a moving mass, that it is not discontinuous or gran- 
ular, and hence that as a whole it may be compared to 
an impalpable and all pervading jelly through which 
Light and Heat waves are constantly throbbing, which is 
constantly being set in local strains and released from 
real; incorporeity ; spirituality. 
The ghost, originally conceived as quite substantial, 
fades into ethereality. H. Speneer, Prin. of Sociol., 115. 
In the Tonga islands, the future life was a privilege 
of caste; for while the chiefs and higher orders were to 
pass in divine ethereality to the happy land of Bolotn, the 
lower ranks were believed to be endowed only with souls 
that died with their bodies. 
E. B. Tylor, Prim. Culture, II. 19. 
etherealization (e-the^re-al-i-za'shon), n. [< 
etherealize + -atioii.] ThV'act or the result of 
etherealizing, or making ethereal or spiritual. 
Also spelled etherealisation. 
He [Aristotle] conceives the moral element as . . . ethr- 
alizatwn, spiritualization of the physical, rather than 
i something purely intellectual. J. H. Stirlimj. 
-al-Iz), v. t. ; pret. and pp. 
them, and being whirled in local vortices, thus producing _j.i,_-.,.i{_ /z tVio'ro nl 
the various phenomena of Electricity and Magnetism, and etherealize (e-the re-al, 
through which the particles of ordinary matter move etherealtzed, ppr. etherealizing. [<. etliereal - 
freely, encountering but little retardation, if any, for its 
...... , .......... --., __________ 
elasticity, as it closes up behind each moving particle, is 
approximately perl 
3. In chem.: (a) One of a class of organic bodies 
divided into two groups: (1) Simple ethers, con- ethereally (e-the re-al-i), adv. 
sisting of two basic hydrocarbon radicals united manner 
by oxygen, and corresponding in constitution 
to the metallic oxids, as CH 3 OCH 3 , methyl ether, 
-ize.] To make ethereal; purify and refine; 
spiritualize. Also spelled etherealise. 
Etherealized, moreover, by spiritual communications 
with the better world. Hawthorne, Scarlet Letter, xi. 
In an ethereal 
'as or witli reference to ether. 
Something [light] intermediate between Spirit and Mat- 
ter etherially bridging the measureless chasm. 
G. D. Boardman, Creative Week, p. 74. 
or methvl oxid. analogous to AgOAg, silver oxid. _ , 
m r. n m nn ,, n a'<,ther* consisting of one or more etherealness (e-the re-al-nes), n. [< ethereal 
) Compound ethers, consisting of one or more 
O r alcohol radicals and one or more acid 
esters, (b) Specifically, ethyl oxid or ethyl ether 
(C 2 H 5 ) 2 O, also called, but improperly, sulphuric 
ether, because prepared from a mixture of sul- 
phuric acid and alcohol. Ether is a light, mobile, 
colorless liquid having a characteristic refreshing odor 
and burning taste. It is highly volatile and inflammable. 
+ -ness.] 
79.7. 
The'quality of being ethereal. Bai- 
[Prop. etherious (= 
etereo), < L. a;the- 
, \ \jti. uti/c^of , of ether, ethe- 
Formed of ether ; heavenly ; 
ethereal. 
This etheremts mould whereon we stand, 
This continent of spacious heaven, adorn 'd 
With plant, fruit, flower ambrosial, gems, and gold. 
Milton, P. L., vi. 473. 
See . 
Same as Eti 
They are known as darters. See darter. ___ . rT r,nT-,n OH,- 
Etbeostomatinae (e-the-os'to-ma-ti'ne), n pi. KSS^ffff** S's pU'llop^a etheric ^the^k)^. [= F. etherigue; as ether 
consists of 74 per cent., and the stronger (ether fortior) of 
94 per cent., of ethyl oxid. Acetic ethers. See acetic. 
Benzole, butyric, chloric, formic, etc., ether. See 
the adjectives. Ether-engine. See engine. Gelati- 
nized ether, in med., ether shaken with white of eggs 
until it forms an opaline jelly. U. S. Dispensatory. 
Hydrochloric ether. Same as chloric ether (which see, 
under chloric). Metnyllc ether, (CHaJjO, methyl oxid, 
a colorless agreeable-smelling gas. 
ether 2 t, a., pron., and conj. An obsolete form 
of either. 
ether 3 , n. and v. A dialectal variant of edder^-. 
[NL., < Etheostoma(t-) + -ina:.] 
ostomina;. 
etheostomatine (e"the-o-std'ma-tin), a. and n. 
I. a. Pertaining to or having the characters of 
the Etheostomina:. 
II. n. A fish of the subfamily Etheostomatinat 
or Etheostominai. 
etheostome (e'the-o-stom), n. A percoid fish 
of the subfamily Etheostomina. 
etheostomid (e-the-os'to-mid), n. One of the 
Etheostomidai. 
Etheostomidae(e"the-6-st6'mi-de),.^. [NL., ether 4 , . A dialectal form of adder**-. 
< Etheostoma + -idee'.] The darters as a fam- ethereal (e-the're-al), a. [Prop., as formerly, 
ilv of percoid fishes. etherial, formerly also athereal; < L. <ethenus, 
Et'heostomins (e-th'e-os-to-ml'ne), n. pi, [NL., < Gr. aiBiptos, high in air, heavenly, ethereal, < 
< Etheostoma + -ince.] fhe darters as a sub- % ("iSep-), ether: see etherl.] 1. Formed of 
family of Pereidte. They have 6 branchiostegal rays, or containing or filled with ether (sense 1); 
obsolete pseudobranchia;, and generally an unarmed pre- hence, relating or belonging to the heavens 
+ -ic.] 1. Of or pertaining to the ether. 
The "etheric force" of Mr. T. A. Edison was primarily 
a question of physics, but for its investigation needed and 
obtained the cooperation of physiologists. 
Pop Set. Ho., XIII. 331. 
2. Of or pertaining to or of the nature of the 
chemical substance known as ether: as, etheric 
oils, 
etherical (e-ther'i-kal), a. [< etheric + -/.] 
Same as etheric. 
Etheridae, n.pl. See sEtheriidat. 
etherification (e"ther-i-fi-ka'shon), ti. [< efiieri- 
fy (see -fy) + -atioii.] The formation of the 
chemical substance ether. 
Several attempts were made to prepare this compound 
[ethylic dinltroethylate] by the usual methods of etherifi- 
eation. Imt with only partial success. 
E. FranUand, Exper. in Chemistry, p. 224. 
