etheriform 
etheriform (e"ther-i-iY>nn), n. [< L. artlter, ether, 
+ forma, form.] Having the character of ether. 
The author believes that the original ,'! reform mass of 
our Holar system coiuiciisi <l to cosmical clouds; tlie solid 
pai tides aKKrenatctl forming large rotating bodies like 
the earth, which continue I" enlarge by tliu addition of 
il matt-rial from \sithoiit. Science, \. 4.'i2. 
etherify (e'tlier-i-fi), v. t.\ pret. and pp. e theri- 
Jii'tl, ppr. ethcrifyini). [< L. (Ether, ether, + 
-ji<-art', < farcrr, make : see -/.] To convert 
iuto the chemical substance ether. 
Various salts arc . . . capable of etlierifyiay alcohol, if 
heated strongly with it under pressure. 
W. A. Mlllrr, Kli-lii. of Chcm., { 1142. 
etherin (e'ther-in), . [<Wi 1 + -IH-.] Inchem., 
a polymeric form of ethylene which separates 
in t transparent, tasteless crystals from heavy oil 
of wine. Also called concrete oil of vim: 
ethering(e'tlier-ing), n, and a. [Aether* + -ing.] 
I. H. A flexible rod used in making hedges. 
II. a. Made of flexible rods. 
When you intend to stock a pool with Carp or Tench, 
make a close < tl, h <' ' hedge across the head of the pool, 
about a yard distance of the dam, ant] about three feet 
uliove the wnter, which is the best refuge for them I know 
of, and the only method to preserve pool-flsh. 
Quoted in Walton's Complete Angler, p. 200, note. 
etherisation, etherise, etc. See etherisation, etc. 
etherism(e'ther-izm), n. [< ether 1 + -ism."] In 
mi <!., the aggregate of the phenomena produced 
by administering ether as an anesthetic. 
etherization (e"ther-i-za'shon), n. [< etheri;e 
+ -ation.] 1. The act of administering ether 
as an anesthetic. 2. The state of the system 
when under the anesthetic influence of ether. 
3. In them., the process of producing ether; 
etherification. 
Also spelled etherisation. 
etherize (e'ther-Iz), r. t. ; pret. and pp. etherized, 
ppr. i-tlicrizinij. [= F. 6theriser = It. eteriz- 
zare ; as ether* + -ize.] 1. To convert into the 
chemical substance ether. 2. To subject to 
the influence of ether: as, to etherize a patient. 
And gradually the mind was etherized to a like dreamy 
placidity, till fart and fancy, the substance and the image, 
Moating; on the current of reverie, became but as the up- 
per and under halves of one unreal reality. 
Lowell, Fireside Travels, p. 139. 
Also spelled etherise. 
etherizer (e'ther-5-zer), n. An apparatus for 
administering ether. Also spelled etheriser. 
etherol (e'tber-ol), n. [< etheA + -ol.] In chein., 
a pale-yellow oily liquid, having an aromatic 
odor, obtained from heavy oil of wine. 
ethic (eth'ik), a. and . [I. a. = F. ethique = 
Sp. fticit = Pe. etliico = It. etico, < LL. ethicux, 
moral, ethic, < Gr. i/6m6f, of or for morals, moral, 
expressing character, < i/6oc,, character, moral 
nature: see ethos. II. n. ME. ethiqne, < OF. 
ethique, F. tthique = Sp. etica = Pg. t-tliicn = It. 
etica, < LL. etliica, fern, sing., also neut. pi., < 
Gr. >/OiK>/, fern. sing, also i/Otaa, neut. pi. of i/titKof, 
ethic: seel.] I. a. Same as ethical. 
A minority of minds of high calibre and culture, lovers 
of freedom, moreover, who, though iu objective hull be 
riddled by Ionic, still flnd the ,-tliir life of their religion 
unimpaired. Tyndall. 
II. H. Same as ethics. 
Tlie maxims of ethic are hypothetical maxims. 
W. K. Cli/ord. 
[Rare in both uses.] 
ethical (eth'i-kal), a. [< ethic + -al.] Relat- 
ing to morals or the principles of morality; 
]>ert;iinii>f* to right and wrong in the abstract 
or in conduct ; pertaining or relating to ethics. 
He {Pope] Is the great poet of reason, the first of ethical 
authors in verse. T. Warton, Essay on Pope. 
In the absence of a social environment ethical feelings 
have m> HttOM. \li-nl, X. 7. 
Ethical dative, the dative of a first or second personal 
pronoun, implying a decree of interest in the person speak- 
ing or the p. T-OII aiMres>t'<l, used colloquially to give a 
lively or familiar tone to the sentence : thus, rt <rot naOij- 
<TOM<U, what sliall I learn/or you! quid mihi Cel>us agit, 
how is my Celsus 
It [sack] ascends me Into the brain ; dries me there all 
the foolish, dull, and crudy vapours which environ it ; . . . 
then tin- vital t ommoners and inland petty spirits muster 
me all t.i their captain, the heart. Shale., t Hen. IV., Iv. 3. 
Ethical truth, the agreement of what is said with what 
is really believed : veracity : opposed to lyiti'i. 
ethically (eth'i-kal-i), adv. According to the 
doctrines of morality. 
The law-giver bus the same need to be ethically in 
strueted as the individual man. 
i;/it,l*t,,,i, , church and State, II. 69. 
Tlie principle of non-resistance is not /hirallii true, but 
only that of non-aggression. 
//. .V'"'- ''- Social Matics. p. 300. 
ethicist (eth'i-sist), w. [< ethic + -/*.] A 
writer on ethics; one versed in ethical science. 
Imp. l>l:'l. 
137 
2017 
ethicize (Pth'i-Kiz), r. t. ; pret. and pp. rthifi-trl, 
ppr. rthirizinij. [< ethic + -i;e.] To render 
ethical ; assign ethical attributes to. 
It ... [the English school] by naturalizing ethics re- 
verses the idealizing process which rather ethicizes na- 
ture. 
J. Jlartineau, Tylws of Ethical Theory, quoted In Science, 
[VI. 136. 
ethicoreligious (eth'i-ko-rf-lij'us), a. Touch- 
ing both ethics or morality and religion. 
In it Interpretation of Christianity, theonophy does not 
limit itself to its practical ethico-rcliyioujt import for man, 
but seeks to apprehend its cosmical meaning, its signiti- 
cance for the universe. 
Brit. Quarterly Rev., LX.XXIII. 241. 
ethics (eth'iks), n. [PI. of ethic (see -ics), after 
Gr. TO ffttud, neut. pi., 17 iflucfi, fern. sing., ethics : 
see < Hue.} 1. The science of right conduct and 
character; the science which treats of the na- 
ture and grounds of moral obligation and of the 
rules which ought to determine conduct in ac- 
cordance with this obligation ; the doctrine of 
man's duty in respect to himself and the rights 
of others. Kant distinguishes between pure morals, or 
the science of the necessary moral laws of a free will, and 
ethics properly so called, which considers those laws as un- 
der the influence of sentiments, inclinations, ami passions 
to which all human beings are more or less subject. 
This fable seems to contain a little system of morality ; 
so that there Is scarce any better invention in all ethic*. 
Bacon, Fable of IHonysius. 
Ethics may either lie regarded as an Inquiry into the 
nature of the Good, the intrinsically preferable and de- 
sirable, the true end of action, Ac. : or as an investiga- 
tion of the Right, the true rules of conduct. Duty, the 
Moral Law, Ac. //. Sidymck, Methods of Ethics, p. 2. 
Professor Birks came nearer a satisfying definition when 
he said that Ethics is the science of ideal humanity the 
only objection to it being that it does not necessarily im- 
ply self-determination and obligation. 
Kew Princeton Rev., I. 183. 
Ethio, taken hi Its proper signification, includes two 
things. On the one hand, it consists of an investigation 
into the nature and constitution of human character ; and, 
on the other hand, it is concerned with the formulating 
and enunciating of rules for human conduct. 
Mind, XIII. 89. 
2. The whole of the moral sciences ; natural 
jurisprudence. In this application rthiei includes 
moral philosophy, international law, public or political 
law, civil law, anil history, profane, civil, and political. 
3. A particular system of principles and rules 
concerning moral obligations and regard for 
the rights of others, whether true or false; 
rules of practice in respect to a single class of 
human actions and duties: as, social ethics; 
medical ethics stoical ethics. See stoical. = Syn. 
1. Virtue, Manner*, etc. See morality. 
ethide (eth'id or -id), n. [< eth'(l) + -ide.~\ In 
chent., a compound formed by the union of an 
element or a radical with the monad radical 
ethyl. 
ethihe(e'thin),. [<eth(er)i + -ine*.] Same as 
acetylene. 
ethionic (e-thi-on'ik), a. [< e(thylene) + Gr. 
foiov, sulphur, + -ic.] Relating to the combina- 
tion of a radical of the ethylene group with a 
sulphur acid. - Ethionic add, C 2 H 4 . HaS-jO?, a dibasic 
aciil (ethylene sulphonic acid), known only in aqueous 
solution, which forms crystalline but very unstable salts. 
-Ethionic anhydrldA'oHjSoOe, a erystallinecompound 
formed by the action of sulphur trioxid on absolute al- 
cohol. Also called carbyl sulphate. 
Ethiop (e'thi-op), n. [X L. ^thiops, pi. &thi- 
opes, (. Gr. Ai8to^>, pi. A/S/OTTEC, an Ethiop, Ethi- 
opian, i. e., an inhabitant of Ethiopia, an in- 
definite region south of Egypt. The Ethiopians 
of Homer are mythical ; later the term came to 
imply a negro, a blackamoor, and popular ety- 
mology, followed by modern writers, derived 
the name from aidetv, burn (or al66c,, burnt), + 
o\l>, uV, eye, face; as if 'the Burnt-Faces' (cf. 
alHo-^i, fiery-looking, flashing, sparkling, fiery, 
hot, in LGr. also swart, black, < aidof, burnt, 
fiery, + 6V, face) ; but the form Ai6ioi[> would 
not result from such composition, and it is prob- 
ably a corruption of some Egyptian or African 
original.] 1. An inhabitant of ancient Ethi- 
opia; an Ethiopian. 2. In a wider sense, in 
both ancient and modern times, an African ; a 
negro. 
Her beauty hangs upon the cheek of night 
As a rich jewel in an Ethiop't ear. 
Shak., R. and J., i. 5. 
Also spelled .Etlii<i)>. 
Ethiopian (e-thi-6'pi-an), a. and n. [Also for- 
merly Jithioi>ia ; < L. dBMopte. < Gr. Aiffumia, 
Ethiopia: see Ethiop.] I. a. In geog., relat- 
ingto Ethiopia or to its inhabitants. 
II. . 1. A native or an inhabitant of Ethio- 
pia, an ancient region of eastern Africa, south 
of Egypt, including modern Abyssinia. Thedom- 
inunt race of Ethiopians, also called Cuthitel, were Se- 
ethmopalatal 
mil IP, snd are represented hy the modern Abysslnians, 
w ho. however, have become much mixed. Ethiopia In a 
restricted sense denoted a kingdom corresponding partly 
with Nubia, and also called Meroc. 
A man of Ethiopia, an eunuch of great authority under 
Candace queen of the AVAiojnaiu. AcU viii. 27. 
2. In an extended sense, an African in general ; 
a negro. See Ethiop, 2. 
('an the Ethiopian change his skin, or the leopard his 
spots'; Jer. xiii. 23. 
Also Mlhi<n>ian. 
Ethiopic (e-thi-op'ik), a. and n. [< Iv. .Whii>i>i- 
cus, < Gr. AiSioTTiKof, pertaining to the Ethiopi- 
ans or to Ethiopia.] I. . Pertaining or relat- 
ing to Ethiopia or Abyssinia; Ethiopian. 
The alphabet of the early Christian period, which Is still 
used by the Abyssinlans for liturgical purjioscs, is usually 
called the Kthiopic. Imac Taylor, The Alphabet, I. 850. 
II. n. The language of ancient Ethiopia or 
Abyssinia, a Semitic tongue, most allied to the 
Himyaritic of southwestern Arabia, and hav- 
ing a Christian literature. Also called (lei'z. 
ethiops, w. See tethiops. 
ethmocranial (eth-mo-kra'ni-al), a. [< eth- 
motid) + cranial.] Pertaining to the ethmoid 
and to the rest of the cranium: as, the ethmo- 
cranial angle (the angle made by the inclination 
of the cribrif orm plate of the ethmoid bone with 
reference to the basicranial axis). 
ethmofrontal (eth-mo-fron'tal), a. [< ethmo(id) 
+ frontal.] Pertaining to the ethmoid and 
frontal bones: as, the ethmofrontal notch. 
ethmoid (eth'moid), n. and n. [< Gr. q6fioeiff/<;, 
like a strainer or sieve (TO i/0/ioeiiif oaroi-v (Ga- 
len), the ethmoid bone), < ^uoc, a strainer, col- 
ander, sieve, < ifletv, i/6tctv, sift, strain.] I. a. 
1. Sieve-like; cribriform: in anatomy specifi- 
cally applied to a bone of the skull. See II. 
2. Specifically, pertaining to the ethmoid : as, 
the ethmoid region of the skull. 
II. n. A bone of the cranium, situated in 
the middle line of the skull, in advance of the 
sphenoid, above the basicranial axis, transmit- 
ting the filaments of the olfactory nerve, and 
constituting the bony skeleton of the organ of 
smell: so called because, in the human sub- 
ject and mammalia generally, it has a cribri- 
form plate perforated with numerous holes for 
the passage of the olfactory nerves. The human 
ethmoid is comparatively small, of a cubical figure, with 
iu cribriform plate horizontal. It consists of a median 
perpendicular plate or niesethmoid, and of the horizon- 
tal or cribriform plate, from which latter the main body 
of the INHIC depends on either side, forming the so-called 
lateral masses, or ethraotnrhinals. The texture of these 
is extremely light and spongy, full of large cavities con- 
necting with the frontal and sphenoid*] sinuses, and lined 
with mucous membrane, the Schneiderian membrane, 
upon which the olfactory nerves ramify after leaving the 
cavity of the cranium through the holes in the cribriform 
plate. (See cut under nasal.) The so-called <>s planum of 
the ethmoid is simply the exterior surface of these lateral 
masses, which contributes to the inner wall of the orbit of 
the eye. The lateral masses are each partially divided 
into two, called the superior and middle turbfnate hones. 
or scroll bones (the inferior turbinate being a different 
Itone), which respectively overlie the corresponding nasal 
meat use-. (See cut under wouM.) The ethmoid is wedged 
into the ethmofrontal notch of the frontal hone, and also 
articulates with the vomer, sphenoid, sphenotiirbinals, 
nasals, maxillaries, lacrymals, palatals, and maxilloturbi- 
nals. It is developed from three osslflc centers, one for 
the perpendicular plate, and one for each lateral mass. 
In other animals the ethmoid exhibits a wide range of va- 
riation In size, shape, and connections, and below mam- 
mals loses much or all of the particular characters it pre. 
scuts in man. (See cut under Kiox.) It Is relatively larger 
and more complicated in mammals of keen scent, as car* 
nivores and ruminants, 
ethmoidal (eth'moi-dal), a. [< ethmoid + -al.] 
Pertaining to the ethmoid Anterior ethmoidal 
canal, a canal formed from a groove on the anterior part 
of the ethmoidal edge of the orbital plate of the frontal 
bone by articulation with the ethmoid. It transmits the 
nasal branch of the ophthalmic nerve and the anterior 
ethmoidal vessels. Ethmoidal foramina. See fora- 
nun. Posterior ethmoidal canal, a canal formed 'from 
a groove on the posterior part of the ethmoidal edge of 
the orbital plate of the frontal bone by articulation with 
the ethmoid bone. It transmits the posterior ethmoidal 
vessels. 
ethmolacrymal (eth-mo-lak'ri-mal), a. [< eth- 
ni,i(nl) + lacrymal.] Pertaining to the ethmoid 
and to the lacrymal bones : as, the ethmolacry- 
mal articulation. 
ethmomaxillary (eth-mo-mak'si-la-ri), a. [< 
ethmo(iil) + inajrillary.] Pertaining to the eth- 
moid and to the maxillary bones : as, the ethmo- 
iiKij-illnry suture. 
ethmona'sal (eth-mo-na'zal), a. [< cthmo(td) 
+ nasal.] Pertaining to "the ethmoid and to 
the nasal bones: as, the ethmonasal suture. 
ethmopalatal (eth-mo-pal'a-tal), a. [< eth- 
iii<i\i<h + palatal.] Pertaining to the ethmoid 
and to the palatal bones: as, the ethmopalatal 
notch. 
