euemerism 
euemerism, euemerist, etc. See euhemerism, 
etc, 
Euereta (u-or'e-ta), n. pi. [NL., < Gr. ri>, well, 
+ fpfr;/f, a rower, an oar (usually in pi.), < epeo- 
aecv, row.] Huxley's name for a group of tur- 
tles composed of the two genera Nphargis and 
Chelone, inhabiting the seas of warm climates. 
They have a blunt snout with hooked horny beak, the tym- 
panum hidden by the integument, and the limbs, of which 
the anterior pair are much the longer, converted into pad- 
dles, the digits being flattened and bound immovably toge- 
ther by integument, and only one or two of them bearing 
nails. See Sphargis and Cheloiu. 
euergetes (u-fer'je-tez), n. [< Gr. evepyerr/c, a 
well-doer, < ', well, T epyov, work, a deed (cf . 
epydrr/f, a doer), < *epyeiv, work, do: see work.] 
A benefactor : a title of honor in ancient Greece 
of such as had done the state some service, and 
sometimes assumed as a royal surname, as by 
Ptolemy III. of Egypt (Ptolemy Euergetes), 
and Ptolemy VII. (Euergetes II.). 
As euergetes of Greek cities, Hadrian completed the 
Olympieion at Athens. 
C. O. Midler, Manual of Archseol. (trans.), 191. 
Eufitchia (u-fich'i-a), n. [NL. (Packard, 1876), 
< Gr. ev, well, + Fiichia, q. v.] A genus of geo- 
metrid moths. E. ribearia is a species which lays its 
eggs in the autumn on the stems of currant- and goose- 
berry - bushes. They 
2024 
born, of noble race, + Kpivov, a lily.] The typi- 
cal genus of the family Eugcuiacrinidce. Agas- 
sis, 1834. 
eugenic 1 (u-jen'ik), a. [< Gr. tvyevfa, well-born 
(see eitgeny), + -ic.] Of or pertaining to race- 
culture. 
If eugenic principles were universally adopted, the 
chance of exceptional and elevated natures would be large- 
ly reduced. Fortnightly Rev., N. 8., XL. 459. 
eugenic 2 (u-jen'ik), a. [< Eugen-ia, 1, + -ic.] 
Pertaining to or derived from cloves Eugenic 
acid, an acid derived from cloves. It is a colorless oil, 
becoming dark in color and resinous when exposed to 
the air. It reddens litmus-paper, and has a spicy burning 
taste and a strong smell of cloves. 
eugenics (u-jen'iks), . [PI. of eugenic 1 : see 
-ics."] The science of generative or procreative 
development; the doctrine of progress or evo- 
lution, especially in the human race, through 
improved conditions in the relations of the 
sexes. 
The ingenious speculations of Mr. F. Gallon in the deli- 
cate domain of eugenics, and in the idiosyncrasies of men- 
tal imagery, . . . are now recognised as a necessary de- 
velopment of the method into which Darwin has cast the 
thought of the age. Proc. Soc. Psych. Research, II. 110. 
The heredity of genius has been fully proved by that very 
interesting writer and accurate observer, Francis Galton, 
and he has put forward in a masterly way the claims of 
eugenics, or race-culture. Pop. Set. Mo., XXIX. 641. 
euhemeristic 
euglenoid (u-gle'noid), . and n. [< Euglena + 
-old."] I. a. 1. Of the form of or resembling 
infusorians of the family Euglemdce; especially, 
becoming encysted and sporulating like the 
Euglenida'; exhibiting the movements during 
the process of reproduction which characterize 
species of Euglena. 
The movements [of gregarines after fission] now become 
neither vibratile nor amoeboid, but definitely restrained, 
and are best described as euglenoid. 
Encyc. Brit., XIX. 852. 
They are apparently Gregarinse, which have been killed 
in various states of euglenoid movement. 
W. B. Benham, Micros. Science, XXVII. 570. 
2. Of or pertaining to the Euglcnoidea. 
II. n. A sporozoan, as a gregarine, in the 
euglenoid state. 
The euglenoid is always a single contractile sac, with 
one mass of medullary substance, in which floats the large 
vesicular transparent nucleus. 
E. n. Lankestfr, Encyc. Brit., XIX. 853. 
a whitish ineasuring- 
worm with black spots 
and yellow stripes, 
the leaves until Ml- 
Female Moth of Gooseberry-spanworm 
(Eu/itchia ribearia), natural size. 
, remaining in this 
B for two or three 
weeks before it issues as a moth. The remedies are pow- 
dered hellebore, either ill solution or applied dry when 
the plants arc moist, and hand-picking. 
euget (u'je), interj. [L., < Gr. evye, good! well 
said! well done! an exclamatory use of the 
adv. evye, or ev ye, well, rightly, in replies con- 
firming or approving what has been said: ev, 
well (see eu-) ; ye, an enclitic particle.] Well 
done! well said! good! an exclamation of ap- 
plause, encouragement, joy, and the like. 
To solemnize the euges, the passionate welcomes of 
heaven poured out on penitents. 
Hammond, Works, IV. 500. 
eugenesic (u-je-nes'ik), a. [< cugen-es(is) + -ic.] 
Same as eugeitetic. 
eugenesis (u-jen'e-sis), n. [NL., < Gr. ev, well, 
+ yeveaic, generation.] The quality of breed- 
ing freely; fertility; specifically, the produc- 
tion of young by the union of individuals of 
different species or stocks. 
CUgenetic (u-je-net'ik), a. [< eugenesis, after 
genetic, q. v.] Of, belonging to, or character- 
ized by eugenesis. Also eugenesic. 
Eugenia (u-je'ni-a), n. [NL. ; in def. 1, named 
in honor of Prince Eugene of Savoy (died 1736); 
in def. 2, named from the Empress Eugenie of 
France. The name Eugene, G. Eugen, P. Eugene, 
etc., NL. Eugenius, fern. Eugenia, G. Eugenie, F. 
Eugenie, etc., NL. Eugenia, means ' well-born,' < 
Gr. evyevf/f, well-born : see eugeny."] 1. A genus 
of myrtaceous shrubs and trees, of over 500 spe- 
cies, which are found in tropical or subtropical 
America and tropical Asia, with a few species 
in Africa and Australia. About half a dozen are 
found ill Florida. The flowers are tetramerous, with nu- 
merous stamens, and are followed by a baccate fruit. The 
leaves are opposite, and often glandular-punctate and fra- 
grant, and the wood is hard and sometimes of value. The 
most important species is E. caryophyUata, of India, which 
yields the clove of commerce. (See cut under done.) Sev- 
eral species bear edible fruits, as the rose-apple (E. Jam- 
boa) and the jambolana (E. Jambolana), which are culti- 
vated in tropical countries. The astringent bark of the 
latter is used in dyeing and tanning, and in medicine. 
Others are cultivated in greenhouses for the beauty of 
their foliage or flowers. 
2. A genus of humming-birds. E. imperatrix 
is a fine species from Ecuador, green with a 
violet throat-spot. Gould, 1855. 3. A genus 
of dipterous insects, of the family Muscida: 
Tiesvoidy, 1863. 
Eugeniacrinidae (u-j6"ni-a-krin'i-de), n. pi. 
[NL., < Eugeniacrinus + -idw.] A family of 
encrinites or fossil crinoids, ranging from the 
Oolite to the Cretaceous. 
eugeniacrinite (u-je-ni-ak'ri-nit), n. [< NL. 
Eugeniacrinites ; as Eugeniacrinus + -ite?.] An 
encrinite of the family Eugeniacrinidce. 
Eugeniacrinites (u-je-ni-ak-ri-nl'tez), n. ill. 
[NL. : see Eugeniacrinus.] Same as Eugenia- 
crinus. 
Eugeniacrinus (u-je-ni-ak'ri-mis), . [NL. (re- 
duced from Eugeniacrinites), < Gr. eiiyevr/c, well- 
/iis, magnified. 
substance (C^QHj2O 2 ) which settles spontane- 
ously from the distilled water of cloves. It crys- 
tallizes in small lamina?, which are colorless, transparent, 
and pearly, but in time become yellow. 
ytvia, nobility of birth, < evyevi/f, well-born, of 
noble race, ^ ev, well, -(- yevoc,, race, family: see 
genus."] Nobleness of birth. Ogilvie. 
eught, eughent. Lawless spellings of yew, yew- 
en. Speiiser. 
Euglena (u-gle'nii). n. [NL., < Gr. eii, well, + 
y'trfvii, the pupil of the eye, the socket of a joint.] 
The typical genus of infusorians of 
the family Euglenida!. E. viridis is 
one of the commonest and best-known of 
infusorians, inhabiting stagnant pools, of- 
ten occurring in vast shoals on the sur- 
face of the water. Ehrenberg, 1832. 
Euglenia (u-gle'ni-a), n. pi. [NL., 
< Eugkna.] A group of flagellate 
infusorians, taking name from the 
genus Euglena, and corresponding 
nearly to the Astasi<ea of Ehren- 
berg and less exactly to the mod- 
ern family Euglenida!. Dujardin. 
euglenid (u-glen'id), n. An infu- 
sorian of the family Euglenida;. 
Euglenidae (u-glen'i-de), n. pi. 
[NL.,< Euglena + -idee."] A large 
family of monsmastigate eustoma- 
tous flagellate infusorians, typified 
by the genus Euglena, highly di- 
versiform or metabolic, with bril- 
liant, usually green, endoplasm. 
These remarkable animalcules form a nat- 
ural family, whose bright colors (for the 
most part green, though sometimes red) and peculiar en- 
dogenous multiplication (noted below) are highly charac- 
teristic. They vary much in the different genera, being 
free-swimming or sedentary, naked or loricate, and soli- 
tary or colonial. The flagellum is single and terminal ; the 
oral aperture is distinct; the endoplasm often contains 
highly refractive particles of apparently amylaceous sub- 
stance ; one or more eye-like pigment-specks are often 
developed at the anterior end ; and the contractile vacuole 
and the endoplast are conspicuous, the former usually lo- 
cated close to the anterior border. The euglenids multi- 
ply both by longitudinal and transverse fission, by the 
subdivision of the body-substance into sporular elements, 
and by the development of independent germinal bodies 
out of the substance of the endoplast. The sporulation, 
or breaking up of the colored endoplasm, usually conse- 
quent upon a process of cncystment, results in the forma- 
tion of germs variable in number and of irregular contour, 
released as small green amoebiforms, without trace of the 
flagellum, oral aperture, or pigment-spot, which are sub- 
sequently acquired. The fusiform zooids resulting from 
the sporulation of the endoplasm of motile euglenids, on 
the contrary, appear to be usually furnished with a flagel- 
lum and an eye-speck. Another form of eucystment, not 
connected with reproduction, occurs in euglenids when 
the water dries lip in the ponds or ditches where they 
live. The animalcules become spherical and quiescent, 
develop a gelatinous covering which indurates, and in this 
condition have been mistaken for green algals. These 
several changes of the animalcule give rise to the term 
euglenoid, applied to other organisms, as gregarines, which 
present similar conditions of encystment and sporulation. 
According to Saville Kent, the genera composing the fam- 
ily as at present recognized are Euglena, AiiMyophis, 
Phacus, Chlvropeltitt, Trachelomonax, JZfcafflMdonwMM, 
Caslomonas, Ascoglena, and Colacium. Nearly all occur 
in fresh water, especially when stagnant, though a few 
are found in brackish water. They may be single or in 
small groups, or may form very extensive colonies. 
Euglenina (u-gle-ui'na), n. pi. [< Euglena + 
-inn."] In Dujardin's system of classification 
(1841), same as Euglenida!. 
. (u-gle-noi'de-a), n. pi [NL., < 
Euglena + -oidea.] In Biifschli's system of 
classification, an order of flagellate infusori- 
ans, represented by the Euglenida! and related 
groups, of large size and well organized, uni- 
flagellate or rarely with a pair of flagella, and 
having a mouth and pharynx. The families besides 
eugnoinosyne (ug-no-mos'i-ne), n. [< Gr. ev- 
yvufioavvt/, considerateness, indulgence, < evyvu- 
uuv, kind-hearted, considerate, < ev, well, + 
yi'uur/, the mind: see gnome.] The faculty of 
judging well concerning matters which fall un- 
der no known rule and concerning which one 
has had no experience ; good sense in novel sit- 
uations and unexpected emergencies. [Bare.] 
eugonidia (u-go-nid'i-a), . pi. [NL., < Gr. 
ev, well, + NL. gonidia, q. v.] In licltenologij, 
proper or typical gonidia, as distinguished from 
gonimia. They are inclosed in a distinct cel- 
lular membrane, and are usually bright-green. 
Eugnbine (u'gu-bin), a. [< It. Eugubbio (NL. 
Eugubium), usually Gubbio, < L. Igurium, a city 
of Umbria.] Of or belonging to the ancient 
town of Eugubium or Iguvium (now Gubbio) 
in Umbria, Italy: specifically applied to cer- 
tain tablets or tables of bronze (seven in num- 
ber) discovered there in 1444, and now preserved 
in the town-hall of Gubbio. These tablets, called 
the Eufriibine or Jgusine tables, constitute an important 
memorial of the ancient XTmbrian tongue, and show that 
it somewhat resembled the ancient Latin, as well as the 
Oscau. Only four of the tables are wholly Umbrian, one 
is partly 1'mbrian and partly Latin, and two are Latin. 
The inscriptions relate to the acts of a corporation of 
priests, and contain the names of several deities otherwise 
unknown. 
enharmonic (u-hiir-nion'ik), a. [< Gr. ci, well, 
+ d/iuoviKoc, harmonic.] Producing perfectly 
concordant sounds, a-s opposed to sounds pro- 
duced by tempered instruments Euharmonic 
Organ, an organ or harmonium having enough keys to 
the octave to provide for playing in pure intonation. 
euhemerism (u-he'me-rizm), . [Also euemer- 
ism; < L. Euliemerus, < Gr. Evq/iepof, a Greek 
philosopher of the 4th century B. c., who wrote 
a work setting forth the view of mythology 
which goes under his name. The name means 
'haying a happy day, cheerful,' < ev, well, 
+ yuepa, day.] The doctrine that polythe- 
istic mythology arose exclusively, or in the 
main, out of the deification of dead heroes ; the 
system of mythological interpretation which 
reduces the gods to the level of distinguished 
men, and so regards the myths as founded on 
real histories; hence, the derivation of my- 
thology from history. 
Euhemerism has become the recognized title of that 
system of mythological interpretation which denies the 
existence of divine beings, and reduces the gods of old to 
the level of men. 
Max Miiller, Sci. of Lang., 2d ser., p. 418. 
Again very many Arab tribes are named after gods or 
goddesses, and the raJtontfffm which explains this by 
making the deity a mere deifled ancestor has no more 
claim tii attention in the Arab field than in other parts of 
the Semitic world. 
H". li. Smith, Kinship and Marriage, p. 17. 
euhemerist (u-he'me-rist), n. and a. [Also eu- 
rnicrist ; < Euhemerns (see fiilii'tnerinni) + -int.] 
I. n. A believer in the doctrine of euhemerism. 
II. a. Euhemeristic. 
euhemeristic (u-he-me-ris'tik), a. [Also eu- 
cmeristic; < cnfu-nu rin'i + -ic.] Of or pertain- 
ing to euhemerism or euhemerists; given to 
or concerned with the derivation of mythology 
from history: as, euliemrrist'u- historians. 
A Eittn'HU'i-istit; rechunlfe of I'hu'iik.ian theologv and 
mythology, Encyc, Brit., XVII. 764. 
