ewn 
ewn, . [A dial, contr. of oven.] An oven. 
(irosc. [North. Eng.] 
ewtt, [ME. ewte: see eft*, newt.'] A newt. 
In that Abbeye ne entrethe not no Flye ne Todes ne 
Ewtes, ne snche foule venymouse Bestes, ne Lyzs ne Flees, 
he the Myracle of God and of cure Lady. 
MnndevUle, Travels, p. 61. 
ewte, v. t. [E. dial., ult. < AS. gedtan, pour: 
see gush, gut.] To pour in. Grose. (Exmoor.) 
ex 1 , . A dialectal variant of ax 1 . 
ex 2 , a.. A dialectal form of ax 2 . 
ex 3 , v. A dialectal variant of ask 1 . 
ex 4 (eks), n. [< ME. "ex = AS. *ex, < L. ix, < , an 
assistant vowel, + x; or a transposition of the 
Gr. name fi, xi.] The name of the letter X, x. 
It is rarely written, the symbol being used 
instead. 
ex 5 (eks), prep. [L. ex, prep., out of, from. 
See ex-.] A Latin preposition, meaning 'out,' 
'out of.' It is used in English only in certain commer- 
cial formulas, as (a) " 20 chests tea ex Sea-King," where 
ex means taken out of or delivered from the vessel named ; 
(6) " ex div." that is, without dividend (meaning that the 
dividend on the stocks sold has been declared and is re- 
served by the seller) ; and in some Latin phrases : ex mero 
rnotu, of his own accord ; ex necessitate rei, from the neces- 
sity of the case ; ex officio, by virtue of his office ; ex parte, 
on one side only ; ex post facto (which see) ; ex vi termini, 
from the very meaning of the term. 
ex-. [ME. ex-, es-, as-, OF. ex-, es-, F. ex-, e- = 
Sp. Pg. ex-, es- = It. ex-, es-, s-, etc., < L. ex-, 
prefix, < ex, prep, (so always before vowels, be- 
fore consonants either ex or e, more frequently 
ex), of place, out of, from, away from, beyond; 
of time, after, from, since; of cause, from, 
through, by reason of, etc. ; in eomp., out, 
forth, out of, throughout, to the end, hence thor- 
oughly, utterly, etc. (equiv. to out or up used 
intensively) ; in LL. ex- is also used, as now in 
E. , to signify ' out of office ': exconsularis, an ex- 
consul, etc. As a prefix ex- stands before 
vowels and h and before c, p, q, t, and before 
*, the s being in this case optionally dropped : 
e. g., exsistere (* ecs-sistere) oiexistere, exist, one 
s, orthographically the second, phonetically the 
first (existere being pronounced ec-sistere), be- 
ing omitted ; before / ex- becomes ef-, some- 
times ec-, rarely remaining unchanged; else- 
where e-. L. ex = Gr. ef (before a vowel), en 
(before a consonant), out of, from (in eomp. 
ef-, EX-), = Russ. is', out. In ME., OF., Sp., 
etc., ex- may appear as es-; ME. also as-, and 
sometimes by confusion or interchange en- (of. 
example, ME. ex-, es-, as-, and en-samj>te). In 
most cases of this kind the L. form ex- has been 
restored. See further under es-.] A prefix of 
Latin, and in some cases of Greek origin, mean- 
ing primarily 'out,' 'out of.' In English words 
it preserves or reproduces its particular uses in the lan- 
guage of its origin. (See etymology.) Thus, in exclude, 
' ' ' ' 
exhale, etc., it signifies 'out,' 'out of; in exscind, 'off; 
in exceed, excel, etc., 'beyond.' It is often (especially in 
the reduced form e-) simply privative, as in exstipulate, 
eplicatf. In some words it is intensive merely, in others 
it has no particular force. Prefixed to names implying 
office, ex- signifies that the person has held but is now ' out 
of ' that office : as, ez-president, ez-minister, Kt-senator. 
Ex. An abbreviation of Exodus. 
exacerbate (eg-zas'er-bat), v. t. ; pret. and pp. 
exacerbated, ppr. exacerbating. [< L. exacerba- 
tus, pp. of exacerbare (> It. esacerbare = Sp. 
Pg. exacerbar), irritate, exasperate, < ex + acer- 
bus, bitter: see acerb.] To increase the bitter- 
ness or virulence of; make more violent, as 
a disease, or angry, hostile, or malignant feel- 
ings; aggravate; exasperate. 
A factious spirit is sure to be fostered, and unkindly feel- 
ings to be exacerbated, if not engendered. Brougham. 
I thought it prudent not to exacerbate the growing moodi- 
ness of his temper by any comment. Poe, Tales, I. 56. 
The march of events outside the frontiers of Piedmont 
was calculated to exacerbate the resentment occasioned 
amidst the people by the sudden downfall of their hopes. 
E. Dicey, Victor Emmanuel, p. 120. 
exacerbation (eg-zas-er-ba'shon), . [= F. ex- 
acerbation = Sp. exacerbacion = Pg. exacerba- 
qao = It. esacerbazione, < LL. exacerbatio(n-), 
< L. exacerbare, pp. exacerbattts, irritate: see 
exacerbate.] 1. The act of exacerbating, or 
the state of being exacerbated ; increase of 
violence or virulence; aggravation; exaspera- 
tion. 
The gallant Jacobus Van Curlet . . . absolutely trem- 
bled with the violence of his choler and the exacerbations 
of his valor. Irving, Knickerbocker, p. 204. 
With such exacerbation of temper at the commencement 
of negotiations, their progress was of necessity stormy and 
slow. Motley, Dutch Republic, III. 158. 
Every attempt at mitigating this [normal amount of suf- 
fering] eventuates in exacerbation of it. 
H. Spencer, Social Statics, p. 350. 
2046 
2. In me a. , an increase of violence in a disease ; 
specifically, the periodical aggravation of the 
febrile condition in remittent and continued 
fevers : as, nocturnal exacerbations. 
Likewise the patient himself may strive, by little and 
little, to overcome the symptome in the exacerbation, and 
so by time turn suffering into nature. 
Bacon, Nat. Hist., 61. 
exacerbescence (eg-zas-er-bes'ens), n. [< LL. 
exacerbescere, become irritated, inceptive of ex- 
acerbare, irritate: see exacerbate.] A state of 
increasing irritation or violence, particularly in 
a case of fever or inflammation. 
exacervationt (eg-zas-er-va'shon), . [< LL. 
as if *exacervatio(n-), < exacenare, pp. exacer- 
valus, heap up, < ex, out, + acervare, heap, < 
acervus, aheap.] The act of heaping up. Bai- 
ley. 
exacinate (eg-zas'i-nat), v. t. ; pret. and pp. 
exacinated, ppr. exacinating. [< L. ex- priv. + 
acinus, a berry, the stone of a berry: see aci- 
nus.] To deprive of the kernel. Craig. [Rare.] 
exacination (eg-zas-i-na'shon), n. [< exacinate 
+ -ion.] The act of taking out the kernel. 
Coles, 1717. [Rare.] 
exact (eg-zakt'), . [< OF. exaeter, < ML. ex- 
actare, freq. < L. exact/is, pp. of exigere, drive 
out, take out, demand, claim as due, also mea- 
sure by a standard, examine, weigh, test, de- 
termine, < ex, out, + agere, drive : see agent, 
act. Cf. exigent, examen, examine, etc., from 
the same source.] I. trans. 1. To force or 
compel to be paid or yielded ; demand or re- 
quire authoritatively or menacingly. 
Jehoiakim . . . exacted the silver and the gold of the 
people. 2 Ki. xxiii. 35. 
They [Turks] take occasion to exact from Passengers, 
especially Franks, arbitrary and unreasonable Sums, and, 
instead of being a safe-guard, prove the greatest Rogues 
and Robbers themselves. 
Maundrell, Aleppo to Jerusalem, p. 4. 
What is it your Saviour requires of you, more than will 
also be exacted from you by that hard and evil master who 
desires your ruin ? 
J. H. Newman, Parochial Sermons, i. 347. 
Nature imperiously exacts her due ; 
Spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak. 
Broiming, Ring and Book, II. 141. 
After presents freely given have passed into presents 
expected and filially demanded, and volunteered has passed 
into exacted service, the way is open for a further step. 
H. Spencer, Prin. of Sociol., 543. 
2. To demand of right or necessity ; enjoin with 
pressing urgency. 
And why should not I preach this, which not my call- 
ing alone but the verie place it selfe exactethl 
Purchas, Pilgrimage, p. 96. 
Years of service past 
From grateful souls, exact reward at last. 
Dryden, Pal. and Arc. , iii. 1132. 
3t. To claim; require. 
My designs 
Exact me in another place. Massinner. 
- Syn. 1. Exact, Extort, Enforce.. Extort is much stronger 
than exact, and implies more of physical compulsion ap- 
plied or threatened. Exact and extort apply to something 
to be got ; enforce to something to be done. Enforce ex- 
presses more physical and less moral compulsion than 
extort. 
From us, his foes pronounced, glory he exacts. 
Milton, P. R., iii. 120. 
The cheat, the defaulter, the gambler, cannot extort the 
knowledge of material and moral nature which his honest 
care and pains yield to the operative. 
Emerson, Compensation. 
Adam, now enforced to close his eyes, 
Sunk down. Milton, P. L., xi. 419. 
H.t intrans. To practise exaction. 
The enemy shall not exact upon him. Ps. Ixxxix. 22. 
exact (eg-zakf), a. [= F. exact = Sp. Pg. 
exacto = It. esatto, < L. exactus, precise, accu- 
rate, exact, lit. determined, ascertained, mea- 
sured, pp. of exigere in sense of 'measure by a 
standard, examine, determine': see exact, v.] 
1. Closely correct or regular; strictly accurate ; 
truly adjusted, adapted, conformable, or the 
like. 
The map of Ireland made by Sir William Petty is be- 
liev'd to be the most exact that ever yet was made of any 
country. Evelyn, Diary, March 22, 1675. 
All which, exact to rule, were brought about, 
Were but a combat in the lists left out. 
Pope, Essay on Criticism, 1. 277. 
2. Precisely correct or right; real; actual; 
veritable: as, the exact sum or amount; the 
exact time ; those were his exact words. A state- 
ment is exact which does not differ from the true by any 
quantity, however small. See synonyms under accurate. 
It is positively afflrm'd that seven thousand have died 
in one day of the plague ; in which they say they can 
make un exact computation, from the number of biers that 
are let to carry out the dead. 
Pococke, Description of the East, I. 38. 
exactitude 
S. Methodical ; careful; not negligent ; observ- 
ing strict accuracy, method, rule, or order: as, 
a man exact in keeping appointments ; an exact 
thinker. 
My soul hath wrestled with her, and in my doings I was 
exact. Ecclus. li. 19. 
'Tis most true 
That he's an excellent scholar, and he knows it ; 
An exact courtier, and he knows that too. 
Beau, and Ft., Custom of the Country, ii. 1. 
One must be extremely exact, clear, and perspicuous in 
everything one says. Chesterfield, Letters. 
The exactent vigilance cannot maintain a single day of 
unmingled innocence. Johnson, Rambler. 
4. Characterized by or admitting of exactness 
or precision; precisely thought out or stated; 
dealing with definite facts or precise princi- 
ples: as, an exact demonstration ; the exact sci- 
ences. 
Yea, there was nothing appertaininge either to God or 
men, wherein he [Joseph] semed not to have had exact 
knowledge. Golding. tr. of Justine, fol. 137. 
That we might not go away without some reward for 
our pains, we took as exact a survey as we could of these 
Chambers of darkness. 
Maundrell, Aleppo to Jerusalem, p. 22. 
If a writer can not express his meaning in exact defini- 
tion, it is fair to presume that he can never be depended 
on for exact discussion. A. Phelps, Eng. Style, p. 119. 
5f. Steady ; even ; well-balanced. 
They say . . . that such a one who hath an exact tem- 
perament may walk upon the waters, stand in the air, and 
quench the violence of the fire. 
Stillingfleet, Sermons, I in. 
The exact sciences. See science. =Syn. Accurate, Cor- 
rect, etc. See accurate. 
exaeter (eg-zak'ter), n. [See exactor.'] One 
who exacts ; an extortioner. 
The polleraiid:rcterof fees . . . justifies the common 
resemblance of the courts of justice to the bush, whereunto 
while the sheep flies for defence in weather, he is sure to 
lose part of the fleece. Bacon, Judicature (ed. 1887). 
This rigid exaeter of strict demonstration for things 
which are not capable of it. Tillotson. 
exacting (eg-zak'ting), p. a. [Ppr. of exact, v.] 
1. Given to or characterized by exaction; se- 
vere in requirement or requisition ; exigent in 
action or procedure: as, an exacting master; 
an exacting inquiry. 
With a temper so exacting, he was more likely to claim 
what he thought due than to consider what others might 
award. Dr. Arnold, Hist. Rome. 
2. Attended by exaction; requiring close at- 
tention or application ; arduous ; laborious ; ab- 
sorbing: as, an exacting office or employment; 
exacting duties; exacting demands upon one's 
time. 
exactingness (eg-zak'ting-nes), n. The quality 
of being exacting, in either sense. 
It has fallen out that, because of exactingness as regards 
proof, philosophy is detained in what seems to be barren 
inquiry, while because of a certain license as regards proof 
science has prospered. Westminster Rev., CXXVIII. 757. 
exaction (eg-zak'shon), n. [< F. Pr. exaction 
= Sp. exaccion = Pg. exacq&o = It. esazione, < 
L. exactio(n-), < exigere, pp. exactus, demand, 
exact: see exact, v.] 1. The act of demanding 
with authority and compelling to pay or yield ; 
compulsory or authoritative demand ; exces- 
sive or arbitrary requirement : as, the exaction 
of tribute or of obedience. 
Take away your exactions from my people. Ezek. xlv. 9. 
Under pretence of preserving the Sanctuary there from 
the violations, and the Fryars who have the custody of it, 
from the exactions of the Turks. 
Maundrell, Aleppo to Jerusalem, p. 46. 
We may, without being chargeable with exaction, ask 
of him to remit a little the rigour of his requirements. 
F. Hall, Mod. Eng., p. 348. 
2. That which is exacted; a requisition ; espe- 
cially, something compulsorily required with- 
out right, or in excess of what is due or proper. 
Subjects as well as strangers . . . pay an unreasonable 
exaction at every ferry. Addison, Travels in Italy. 
His own exactions, and the Persian's boons, 
O'erload his treasure. ' Glover, Athenaid, xv. 
3. In law, a wrong done by an officer or one 
in pretended authority, by taking a reward or 
fee for that for which the law allows none. See 
extortion. 
exactitude (eg-zak'ti-tud), n. [< F. exactitude 
= Sp. exactitud, < L. exactus, exact.] The qual- 
ity of being exact ; exactness ; accuracy ; par- 
ticularity. 
Every sentence, every word, every syllable, every letter 
and point, seem to have been weighed with the nicest ex- 
actitude. 
Dr. A. Geddes. Prospectus of Trans, of the Bible, p. 92. 
We can reason a priori on mathematics, because we can 
di'lim- with an etnclUmle which precludes nil possibility of 
confusion. Macaulay, Utilitarian Theory of Government. 
