factor 
The suid William Eyrus was/rce/or in Scio, not only for 
his mu.sU-r, and fur his grace the Duke uf Norfolk, but also 
for many others, worshipful merchants of Loinloii. 
Hakluyt (Arber's Eng. Garner, I. 22). 
Factors in the trading world are what ambassadors are 
in the politic world. Addition, The Royal Exchange. 
In his mercantile affairs he was rather unfortunate ; for 
Bitch was the extravagance of his factors . . . that they 
had dissipated the greater part of his merchandise. 
J. Adam*, Works, V. 104. 
2. In Scotland, a person appointed by a her- 
itor, landholder, or house-proprietor to manage 
an estate, to let lands or tenements on lease, 
to collect rents, etc. 
Mr. White, a Welshman, who has been many years factor 
... on the estate of Calder, drank tea with us last night. 
Boswell, Journal (ed. 1807), p. 110. 
3f. An agent or a deputy generally. 
Therefor muste they be more cleane than the other, for 
they are the factours, or bayliffes of God. 
Bp. Bale, Apology, fol. 74. 
Percy is but my factor, good my lord. 
To engross up glorious deeds ou my behalf. 
Shalt., 1 Hen. IV., iil. 2. 
4. In American law, in some of the United 
States, a person charged as a garnishee. 5. In 
math., one of the two or more numbers, expres- 
sions, or quantities which when multiplied to- 
gether produce a given product : as, 6 and 3 are 
factors of 18. As every product can be divided by any 
of its factors without remainder,/ac?or may also be defined 
as an expression or quantity by which another expression 
or quantity may be divided without a remainder. 
6. One of several circumstances, elements, or 
influences which tend to the production of a 
given result. 
There is also a logical attitude which is called Atten- 
tion, itself the product of feeling, and one of the neces- 
sary/actors in Perception. 
6. H. Lewes, Probs. of Life and Mind, Int., I. ii. 46. 
As to the cause of the limitation of the [deep-sea] fau- 
nae, it is claimed that "light is the most powerful/ac(or 
amongst all the agents which influence life upon the earth." 
Smithsonian Report, 1833, p. 701. 
Allotrious, bipartient, consequent, extraneous, etc., 
factor. See the adjectives. Division by factors. See 
division. Factors' Act, a statute of New York (Laws of 
1830, c. 179), the effect of which is to make merchandise 
liable for money advanced or security given on the faith 
thereof by consignors or purchasers, by enacting that the 
person in whose name it is shipped, the holder of the bill 
of lading, custom-house permit, or warehouse receipt, or 
the person having possession of the merchandise, shall, 
within certain limits, be deemed the true owner for such 
purposes. Similar statutes in other jurisdictions are va- 
riously known. Factors' Acts, English statutes of 1823 
(4 Geo. IV., c. 83), 1825 (6 Geo. IV., c. 84), 1842 (5 and 6 
Viet., c. 39), and 1877 (40 and 41 Viet., c. 39), which preserve 
the lien of consignees upon shipments for advances, etc., 
and make bills of lading available as security to the ex- 
tent of such lien. Integrating factor, a quantity by 
which a given quantity is multiplied in order to render it 
an exact integral: better called a multiplier. Interim 
factor. See interim. Primary factor, a factor of a 
holomorphic function having one root. Prime factor, 
a factor which cannot be divided without remainder by 
anything except itself and unity. 
factor (fak'tor), v. [< factor, n.~\ I. trans. 1. 
To act as factor for ; look after, let, and draw 
the rents for; manage: as, to factor property. 
[Scotch.] 2. In math., to resolve into factors: 
as, x 2 y 2 is factored into (x + y) (x y). 
II. intrans. To act as factor. 
Send your prayers and good works to factor there for 
you, and have a stock employed in God's banks to pauper* 
ous and pious uses. S. Ward, Sermons, p. 173. 
factorage (fak'tor-aj), n. [= P. factorage = Sp. 
factorage; &s factor + -age."] 1. The allowance 
given to a factor by his employer as compensa- 
tion for his services. Also called commission. 
He put 1000 into Dudley's hands to trade for him, to 
the end that his brother Montague might have the benefit 
of the factorage. Roger North, Lord Guilford, II. 292. 
2. The business of or dealings with factors; 
consignment to or sale by a factor or factors. 
But in New Orleans enterprise had forgotten everything 
but the factorage of the staple crops. 
6. W. Cable, Creoles of Louisiana, xxxi. 
factored (fak'tord), a. [< factor (factory) + 
-erf 2 .] Made in a factory; manufactured in 
quantities for mercantile purposes, as opposed 
to hand-made or unique ; hence, spurious. 
[Bare.] 
Large quantities of the finest and costliest articles sold 
under other local designations in London and all over the 
world are the factored work of Birmingham craftsmen. 
Nineteenth Century, XX. 244. 
factoress, factress (fak'tor-es, -tres), n. [= F. 
factrice = It. fattoressa ; as factor + -ess.'] A 
female factor. [Rare.] 
Your/acJras hath been tamp'ring for my misery. 
Ford, Fancies, iii. 2. 
factorial (fak-to'ri-al), a. and n. [< factor or 
factory + -al.~] I. "a. 1. Pertaining to a fac- 
tor or factory; constituting a factory. 
2114 
Securing a limited district for a depot and factorial es- 
tablishment for American citizens in that region (Congo 
river). Science, VI. loo. 
2. In math., of or pertaining to a factor or fac- 
torials. See II. 
II. n. In math., a continued product of the 
form 
Fz, F(x+l), F(x+2), F(x+S), . . . F(z+n), 
in which every factor after the first is derived 
from the preceding by increasing the variable 
by unity. 
factorize (fak'to-riz), v. t. ; pret. and pp. factor- 
ized, ppr. factorizing. [< factor + -ize.] In lair, 
in some of the United States, to warn not to 
pay or give up goods ; attach the effects of a 
debtor in the hands of a third person. 
factorship (fak' tor-ship), n. [{factor + -ship.'} 
1. A body of factors. 2. The business or re- 
sponsibility of a factor. 
My own care and my rich master's trust 
Lay their commands both on my factorship. 
tliddleton, Women Beware Women, i. 1. 
factory (fak'to-ri), .; pi. factories (-riz). [=D. 
factory = Gr.'factorei = Dan. Sw./aA'tori, < F. 
factorie, faetorerie = Sp.factoria = Pg.feitoria 
= U.fattoria, a factory, < ML./acCona, a trea- 
sury, L. factorium, an oil-press, < L. factor, a 
doer, maker, ML. an agent, etc. : see/actor. Cf. 
manufactory.] 1. An establishment of mer- 
chants and factors resident in a foreign place, 
formed for mutual protection and advantage, 
usually occupying special quarters under their 
own control, and sometimes having fortified 
posts and depots. Iii the middle ages foreign facto- 
ries existed in most large European cities, and to a later 
period in many Asiatic and African ports, often giving 
rise, especially in India, to the acquisition of extensive 
political power. A few are still maintained in India and 
western Africa, most of them by the French, in a modified 
form and sometimes under other designations. 
At this River we were met by several of the French 
Merchants from Sidon : they having a Factory there the 
most considerable of all theirs in the Levant. 
Maundrell, Aleppo to Jerusalem, p. 44. 
Even in India, during the seventeenth century, she 
[England] can hardly be said to have got beyond the fac- 
tory stage. The East India company were simply lease- 
holders of the native princes. Science, VII. 475. 
2. A body of factors; the association of per- 
sons in a factorial establishment. 
Our Factory at Cachao had news of our arrival before 
we came to an anchor, and immediately the chief of the 
Factory, with some of the King of Tonqnin's Officers, came 
down to us. Dumpier, Voyages, II. i. 18. 
3. The employment or authority of a factor; 
power to act as a factor. [Bare.] 
Factory may be recalled, and falls by the death of the 
principal. . . . The mandate of factory subsists notwith- 
standing the supervening insanity of the mandant. 
Chambers' 8 Encyc., art. Factor. 
4. A building or group of buildings appropri- 
ated to the manufacture of goods, including the 
machinery necessary to produce the goods, and 
the engine or other power by which such ma- 
chinery is propelled; the place where workers 
are employed in fabricating goods, wares, or 
utensils: as, a cotton factory. The general distinc- 
tion between a factory and a shop is that the work done 
in the former is on a larger scale, and usually of a kind 
requiring more machinery. When the more simple kinds 
of work commonly done in shops, however, are carried on 
in large establishments, the latter are often called facto- 
ries ; but establishments for some branches of production 
are seldom or never so called, however large, as machine- 
shops, car-shops, coopers' shops, etc. Also called manu- 
factory. 
Our corrupted hearts are the factories of the devil, which 
may be at work without his presence. 
Sir T. Browne, Christ. Mor., i. 20. 
5f. Manufacture; making. 
For gain has wonderful effects 
T' improve the factory of sects. 
S. Butler, Hudibraa, III. ii. 1446. 
Factory Acts, a series of English statutes having for their 
object the preservation of the health and morals of ap- 
prentices and operatives, with special reference to the em- 
ployment of children, and the regulation of factories as 
to hours of labor and recreation, sanitary condition, etc. 
That of 1802 (42 Geo. III., c. 73) is known as the first Fac- 
tory Act, and that of 1833 (3 and 4 Wm. IV., c. 103) as the 
principal Factory Act. The later acts are those of 1867 
(30 and 31 Viet., c. 103), 1870(33 and 34 Viet., c. 62), 1871 
(34 and 35 Viet., c. 104), 1874 (37 and 38 Viet., c. 44), 1878 
(41 and 42 Viet., c. 16), and 1883 (46 and 47 Viet, c. 53). 
Factory cotton, unbleached cotton cloth of home manu- 
facture, as opposed to imported fabrics. Also called fac- 
tory &ni\ domestic. [U.S.] 
factory-maund (fak'to-ri-mand), n. An East 
India weight of 40 seers, varying, like the seer, 
largely in different localities. The Bengal factory- 
maund is 74 pounds 10 ounces, while the Madras maund is 
only 25 pounds. It is distinguished from the bazaar-mound, 
which is about 82 pounds in Calcutta. 
factotum (fak-to'tum), n. [< L. faeere (fac, 
impv.) totum, do all: faeere, do; totum, neut. 
faculty 
of totus, all, the whole.] One who does every- 
thing ; specifically, one who is called upon or 
employed to do all kinds of work for another. 
He was so farre the dominus fac tolum in this juncto 
that his words were laws, all things being acted according 
tu hi.; desire. 
Foulis, Plots of Pretended Saints (2d. ed., 1674). 
He could not sail without him ; for what could he do 
without Corporal Vanspitter, his protection, his factotum, 
his distributer of provisions'; ilarryat, Snarleyyow, xiii. 
factress, . See factoress. 
factual (fak'tu-al), a. [< fact + -ii-al; improp. 
formed, after analogy of actual.'] Of the na- 
ture of fact ; consisting of or attentive to facts ; 
real; genuine; scrupulously exact. [Bare.] 
If a man is a plain, literal, factual man, you can make 
a great deal more of him in his own line by education than 
without education. H. W. Beecher, Royal Truths. 
factuality (fak-tu-al'i-ti), n. [< factual + -ity.~] 
The quality of being factual; genuineness. 
[Bare.] 
When we find these among the [asserted] facts, it makes 
us doubt the factuality of the facts. 
R. Thomas, Christian Union, March 10, 1887. 
factum (fak'tum), .; pi. facta (-ta). [L.: see 
fact.] 1. In law, a thing done; an act or a 
deed; anything stated and made certain; the 
statement of a case for the court. 2. In math., 
the result of a multiplication ; a product Fac- 
tum of a Will, the formal execution, or the signing and 
attesting of the will. 
facture (fak'tur), . [= F. facture = Pr. fai- 
tura = Sp. hechura (in sense 2 factura) = Pg. 
factura = It. fattura = T). fakttiur = G. factur 
= Dan. Svr.faktura, invoice, < L. factura, mak- 
ing, make, LL. a creature, a work, ML. also 
form, price, enchantment, embroidery, etc., < 
faeere, pp. factus, make: see /act. Cf. feature, 
a doublet of facture.'] 1. The act or manner of 
making; construction or structure. [Bare.] 
There is no doubt but the facture or framing of the in- 
ward parts is as full of difference as the outward. 
Bacon, Advancement of Learning, ii. 194. 
While he was acquiring in the Louvre his laborious and 
rude facture of successive impasto. The Atlantic, LX. 510. 
2. In com., an invoice or a bill of parcels. Sim- 
monds. 
facula (fak'u-la), n. ; pi. facula; (-le). [L., a 
little torch, dim. of fax, a torch.] In astron., 
one of the small spots often seen on the sun's 
disk, which appear brighter than the rest of his 
surface. 
Groups of minute specks brighter than the general sur- 
face of the sun are often seen in the neighborhood of spots 
or elsewhere. They are called /acute. 
Newcomb and llolden, Astron., p. 278. 
These /acute are elevated regions of the solar surface, 
ridges and crests of luminous matter, which rise above 
the general level and protrude through the denser portions 
of the solar atmosphere, just as do our terrestrial moun- 
tains. C. A. Young, The Sun, p. 107. 
facular (fak'u-lar), o. [</ac?a + -oj-2.] Per- 
taining to or of the nature of a facula. See 
facula. 
faculencet (f ak'u-lens), n. [< L. facula, a torch, 
+ E. -ence.] Brightness; clearness. Bailey, 
1727. 
facultative (fak'ul-ta-tiv), a. [= F. faeultatif 
= Sp. Pg. faeultativo, < L. faculta(t-)s, faculty: 
see faculty and -tie.] 1. Conferring a faculty, 
right, or power; enabling. Hence 2. Con- 
ferring the power of doing or not doing; ren- 
dering optional or contingent. 3. Having a 
faculty or power, but exercising it only occa- 
sionally or incidentally, or failing to exercise 
it; occasional or incidental; optional or con- 
tingent. Compare obligate. 
The chief point was the introduction of the referendum, 
by which laws made by the [Swiss] cantonal legislature may 
(facultative referendum) or must (obligatory referendum) 
be submitted to the people for their approval. 
Encyc. Brit., XXII. 796. 
The Facultative Actions are those which, although ul- 
timately dependent on the energies of the organs, are yet 
neither inevitably nor uniformly produced when the or- 
gans are stimulated, but, owing to the play of forces at 
work, take sometimes one issue and sometimes another. 
O. H. Lewes, Probs. of Life and Mind, Int., I. ii. I 30. 
Facultative hypermetropia. See hypermetropia. 
Facultative parasite, an organism, usually a fungus, 
which is normally in all stages saprophytic, but which 
can grow during the whole or part of its development as 
a parasite. Facultative saprophyte, an organism, usu- 
ally a fungus, which is normally in all stages parasitic, 
but which can grow during part of its development as a 
saprophyte. 
facultatively (fak'ul-ta-tiv-li), adv. In a fac- 
ultative manner. 
Certain facultatively parasitic and facultatively endo- 
phytic species of Moulds. De Bartj, Fungi (trans.), p. 360. 
faculty (fak'ul-ti), n. ; pi. faculties (-tiz). [< 
ME. faculte, power, property, < OF. faculte, F. 
