field-glass 
object-glass, the other being the cyr-iiltix*. A Isn 
called field-lens. 
field-gun (feld'gun), n. A light cannon mount- 
ed on a carriage, used in maneuvers in the 
field. The field-guns in the United States service are 
smooth-bore 6- pounders and 12-pounders, light and heavy ; 
12-, 24-, and 32-pounder howitzers; 3-inch wrought-iron 
rifled ; and the 1'arrott 10-pouuder. The smoothbores, ex- 
cept the light 12-pounders or Napoleon guns, are, however, 
but little used in field-service. Also called field-piece. 
See cannon, and cut under gun-carriage. 
field-gunner (feld'gun" er), . A cannoneer be- 
longing to a field-battery of artillery. 
field-hand (feld'hand), . A hand or person 
who works in the fields; a laborer on a farm 
or plantation. 
Even in the so-called Border States there was an im- 
mense gulf between the house-servant and the ruder 
Field-hand. S. De Vere, Americanisms, p. 149. 
field-hospital (feld'hos^pi-tal), n. A building, 
tent, or place temporarily used as a hospital 
after and near the place of battle. 
The horrible scenes of suffering on the battle-field and 
in tlie field-hospitals. 
The Independent (New York), May 1, 1862. 
field-house (feld'hous), n. [< ME. *feldhous (f ), 
< AS.feldhus (poet.), a tent, <feld, field, + hits, 
house.] A tent. Imp. Diet. [Bare.] 
field-ice (feld'is), w. Ice formed in fields or 
large flat surfaces, in the polar seas, and in de- 
tached masses cpnstitutingfloes : distinguished 
from the ice of icebergs or hummocks. 
Heavy field-ice was found off Cape Sabine, increasing in 
size and thickness as the ship advanced, until the captain 
refused to go further, and at eight o'clock in the evening 
she was tied up to a floe. 
Schley and Soley, Rescue of Greely, p. 45. 
fieldie (fel'di), w. [Dim. of field-sparrow. J The 
hedge-sparrow or field-sparrow, Accentor modu- 
lar is. [Eng.] 
fielding (fel'ding), . [Verbal n. of field, .] 
1. In base-ball and cricket, play in the field. 
2. The exposure to sun and air of guile or malt- 
wash in casks, in order to promote its aeetifica- 
tion. E. H. Knight. 
The fielding method [of making vinegar] requires a much 
larger extent of space and utensils than the stowing pro- 
cess. Ure, Diet, III. 1076. 
fieldish (fel'dish), a. [Early mod. E. feldishe ; < 
field + -tg&i.] Belonging to the fields. [Bare.] 
My mother's maides when they do sowe and spinne, 
They sing a song made of & feldishe mouse ; 
That for bicause her liuelod was but thinne, 
Would nedes go see her townish sister's house. 
Wyatt, The Meane and Sure Estate. 
field-kirk (feld'kerk), n. A small detached 
chapel or place of worship. [Prov. Eng.] 
There existed on this ground & field-kirk, or oratory, in 
the earliest times. Mrs. Gaskell, Charlotte Bronte. 
field-lark (feld'lark), n. 1. The skylark, Alau- 
da aruensis. [Local, Eng.] 2. Same as mea- 
dow-lark. 
field-lens (feld'lenz), n. Same as field-glass, 3. 
field-lore (feld 'lor), . Knowledge or skill 
gained in the fields ; knowledge of rural pur- 
suits. 
field-madder (feWmad'-'er), n. [ME. notfound; 
< AS. " feJd-mcedere rosmarinum" (see rose- 
mary), < feld, field, + masdere, madder.] A 
British plant, Sherardia anensis, natural order 
Rubiacea, common in fields and waste places. 
It is a hispid herb, with a prostrate stem spreading from 
the root, and clusters of small lilac flowers in terminal 
heads. 
field-magnet (feld'mag"net), n. A large elec- 
tromagnet, as used in a dynamo. See field elec- 
tromagnet, under field, and electric machine, un- 
der electric. 
field-mant, n. [So.] A peasant ; a hind. 
He stiit utis and ordanis that field-inen (agrestes) . . . 
sail . . . tak and ressave landis fra thair maisteris. 
Slat. Alex. II., Balfour's Pract, p. 586. 
field-marshal (feld ' mar ' shal), n. An officer 
of the highest military rank in the British, 
German, and some other European armies, in 
France the grade has existed at various times, usually 
corresponding to that of general of brigade. It was sup- 
pressed in 1848. The rank is often nominal, the Duke of 
Wellington having been field-marshal in various European 
armies. Abbreviated F. M. 
No more . . . 
Shall the gaunt figure of the old Field Marshal 
Be seen upon his post ! 
Longfettow, Warden of the Cinque Ports. 
In 1818 he [Wellington) was made feld marshal of Aus- 
tria, Prussia, and Russia. Amer. Cyc., XVI. 550. 
Field-marshal lieutenant, in the Austrian army, agen- 
eral of division. 
field-marshalship (feld'mar'shal-ship), n. [< 
field-marshal + -ship.} The office or dignity of 
a field-marshal. 
2204 
field-martin (teld'mar"tin), . The common 
king-bird, Tyrannus carolinensis. [Southern 
U. S.] 
field-mouse (feld'mpus), . 1. A name of sev- 
eral European species of mice, Mus tytv&ticus, 
and sundry other species of the same genus, 
as the harvest-mouse, M. humilis. in Great Britain 
the voles, of the genus Armenia, are often distinguished as 
short-tailed field-mice. See field-vole. 
The fieldmov.se builds her garner under ground. 
Dryden. 
2. An American species of meadow-mice. See 
Arvicola. 
field-night (feld'mt), n. A night of special ef- 
fort and interest, as when a matter of grave im- 
portance is discussed by leaders in a parlia- 
ment. See field-day. 
The debate was remembered as the greatest field-night 
. . . had . . . for a generation. 
Trevelyan, Early Hist, of Fox, p. 32. 
field-notes (feld'nots), . pi. Notes made in 
the field : as, the field-notes of a naturalist. 
field-officer (feld'of'i-ser), n. A military offi- 
cer above the rank of captain and below that 
of general, as a colonel. Abbreviated F. O. 
field-park (feld'park), n. Milit., a park or train 
consisting of the spare carriages, reserved sup- 
plies of ammunition, tools, and materials for 
extensive repairs and for making up ammuni- 
tion, for the service of an army in the field. 
field-piece (feld'pes), n. Same as field-gun. 
Can you lend me an armour of high-proof, to appear in, 
And two or three field-pieces to defend me? 
Fletcher, Wildgoose Chase, v. 2. 
field-plover (feld'pluv'er), . 1. The Ameri- 
can golden plover, Charadriws dominicus. 2. 
The black-bellied plover, Squatarola helvetica. 
3. Bartram's sandpiper, Sartramia longicau- 
da. [U. S. in all senses.] 
field- preacher (feWpi-e'cher), n. One who 
preaches in the open air. The term came into com- 
mon use at the time of the field-preaching of Whitefleld 
and Wesley in the middle of the eighteenth century, though 
it was previously used in Scotland. 
Do you think the popish field-preachers . . . made no 
provision before they set out upon their expeditions? 
Bp. Lavington, To Whitefleld. 
field-preaching (feld'pre'ching), . Preaching 
in the open air. 
field-room (feld'rom), n. Open space ; hence, 
unrestricted opportunity. 
They . . . had field-room enough to expatiate upon the 
gross iniquity of the covenant. Clarendon, Life, II. 294. 
field-service (feld 'ser* vis), n. Service per- 
formed by an officer or by troops in the field, 
in contradistinction to that performed in gar- 
rison ; service in time of war. 
field-show (feld'sho), n. Same as field-trial. 
fieldsman (feldz'man), H. ; pi. fieldsmen (-men). 
[< field's, poss. of field, + man.'] In cricket, a 
fielder. [Eng.] 
field-sparrow (feld'spar'o), n. A small frin- 
gilline bird of the United States, the Spizella 
pusilla or S. 
agrestis, closely 
resembling and 
related to the 
chipping - spar- 
row, S. socialis 
or S. domestica. 
It is very common 
in the eastern 
United States, in- 
habiting fields, 
hedges, and way- 
sides, and nesting 
in low bushes near 
the ground. 
field-sports 
(feld'sp6rts),i. 
pi. Recreations 
of the field ; 
outdoor sports, 
particularly 
hunting and 
athletic games. 
field-Staff (feld'staf), n. A staff formerly car- 
ried by gunners in the field, and holding a 
lighted match for discharging cannon. 
field-telegraph (feld'tel'e-graf), n. A tele- 
graph adapted for use in the field in military 
operations. In some instances part of the wire is 
reeled off from a wagon and supported on light posts, and 
another partis insulated and allowed to rest on theground. 
field-titling (feld'tit'ling), n. The meadow- 
pipit. Anthus pratensis. [Local, Eng.] 
field-train (feld'tran), n. In the British army, 
a branch of the artillery service, consisting of 
commissaries and conductors of stores, which 
has charge of the ammunition, and whose duty 
fiendful 
it is to form depots of it at convenient points 
between the base of operations and the front, 
so that no gun may run short during an engage- 
ment. 
field-trial (feld'tri"al), . A test of hunting- 
dogs, with reference to their performance in 
the field, after a formula of points, or units 
of merit, prescribed by fixed rules and adjudi- 
cated upon by judges. Sportsman's Gazetteer. 
Also field-show. See bench-show. 
Its [the setter's] representatives swept the field Mali of 
their prizes, and from this fact soon came to be known as 
the "field-trial breed." The Century, XXXI. 122. 
field-VOle (feld'vol), n. A rodent animal, Ar- 
vicola agrestis, also called the short-tailed field- 
mouse or meadow-mouse. See Anicolinai and 
vole. 
field-work (feld'werk), n. 1. In surv., physics, 
etc., work done, observations *aken, or other 
operations, as triangulation, leveling, observ- 
ing the stars for latitude, longitude, azimuth, 
etc., making geological observations, study- 
ing objects in their natural state, collecting 
specimens, etc., carried on in the field or upon 
the ground, even though indoors. 2. Milit., 
a temporary work thrown up by either besieg- 
ers or besieged, or by an army to strengthen 
a position. Such works are of three kinds, namely, 
those that are assailable only in front, those that are 
assailable in front and on the flanks, and those that are 
assailable on all sides. 
fieldyt (fel'di), a. [< ME. feeldy, feeldi, feldi 
(tr. L. campestris) ; < field + -yi.] Open like 
a field; wide-spread. 
In fieldij clouds he vanisheth away. 
Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas. 
fiend (fend), n. [Early mod. E. also feend; < 
ME. feend, fend, feond, an enemy (most fre- 
quently used of Satan and other evil spirits), 
\ AS. feond, an enemy, hater, foe (often used 
of Satan as the Enemy or Adversary), = OS. 
fiond, fiund, fiand = OFries. fiand, fiund = D. 
vijand = LG. fijend, fijnd = OHG. fiant, MHG. 
viant, vient, vint, G. feind, enemy, = Icel.fjandi, 
enemy, the devil, = Sw. fiende = Dan. fjende, 
enemy (but Sw./nw, D&n.fand-en, fiend, devil), 
= Goth, fijands, an enemy ; lit. a hater, being 
orig. ppr. of A$>.fe6n,feogan,fi6gan (ppr. feo- 
gende, "fednde (>fe6nd, n.), pret./eorf) = OHG. 
fien = Icel. fja = Goth, fijan, hate (> faian, 
find fault), = Skt. Vpi, piy, hate. Allied to foe 
and feud'-. Of similar formation is friend, lit. 
lover.] If. An enemy; a foe. 
Werse he doth his gode wines (friends] than his fiendes. 
Old Eng. Homilies (ed. Morris), II. 226. 
Ther ne is non ypocrisye . . . ne drede of vyendes, ac 
[but] alueway festes and kinges bredales [bridals]. 
Ayenbite of Imvyt (E. E. T. S.), p. 75. 
2. Specifically, the enemy of mankind; Satan; 
the devil. [Fiend in this use is a translation 
of the original of Satan (adversary) and of devil 
(accuser).] 
O Donegild, I ne have noon english digne 
Unto thy malice and thy tirannye ! 
And therfor to the feend I thee resigne, 
Let him endyten of thy traitorye ! 
Chaucer, Man of Law's Tale, 1. 682. 
Upon the Pynacle of that Temple was oure Lord brought . 
for to ben tempted of the Enemye, the Feend. 
Mandevillc, Travels, p. 87. 
Being of that honest few, 
Who give the Fiend himself his due. 
Tennyson, To the Rev. F. D. Maurice. 
3. Hence, in a general sense, a devil; a de- 
mon ; a malignant or diabolical being ; an evil 
spirit. 
For I was more devout thanne than evere I was before 
or after, and alle for the drede of Fendei, that I saughe in 
ilyverse Figures. Mandeville, Travels, p. 283. 
This look of thine will hnrl my soul from heaven, 
And fiends will snatch at it. Shale., Othello, v. 2. 
4. An exceedingly wicked, cruel, spiteful, or 
destructive person: as, a dynamite fiend; a 
fire fiend. 
loch. Me thin ks, I see him now 
Post. Ay, so thou dost, 
Italian fiend! Shale., Cymbeline, v. 6. 
5. A person who gives great annoyance ; a 
persistent bore: as, the newspaper fiend ; the 
hand-organ fiend. [Ludicrous.] 
It is one of the marvels of the human mind, this sorcery 
which the fiend of technical imitation weaves about his 
victims, giving a phantasmal Helen to their arms and mak- 
ing an image of the brain seem substance. 
Lowell, Study Windows, p. 217. 
= Syn. See devil. 
fiendfult (fend'ful), a. [< fiend + -fvl.'] Full 
of evil or malignant practices. 
Regard his hellish fall, 
Whose fiendful fortune may exhort the wise. 
ilarlmi'e, Faustua, v. 4. 
