flagellate 
flagellate 1 , flagellated (flaj'e-lat, -la-ted), a. 
[< NL. flagellatits, furnished with a flagellum, 
< ii.flaffettum. a whip: see flagellum, and cf. 
flagellate*. ;.] 1. In biol., furnished with fla- 
gella, or slender whip-like processes ; flagellif- 
erous: as, a flagellate infusorian (in this use 
technically opposed to ciliate). 
Just as do the flagellated zoospores of Protophytes. 
W. B. Carpenter, Micros., 5 393. 
A large series of more complex forms of flagellate Infu- 
soria has been recently brought to our knowledge. 
W. B. Carpenter, Micros., 424. 
2. Like a whip-lash ; flagelliform: us, a, flagel- 
late process. 3. In bot., producing filiform 
runners or runner-like branches. Flagellate 
cell. See cell. Flagellated chambers. SameasciK- 
ated chambers (which see, under ciliate). 
flagellate-t, . An obsolete perversion offla- 
aeolet. 
flagellation (flaj-e-la'shon), n. [= F. flagel- 
lation = Sp. flagelacion = Pg. flagellacjio = 
It. flagellazione, < L. flagellatio(n-), (flagellare, 
whip: see flagellate 1 , .] A whipping or flog- 
ging; the discipline of the scourge. 
This labour past, by Bridewell all descend 
(As morning prayer and flagellation end). 
Pope, Dunciad, Ii. 270. 
History makes us acquainted with many curious in- 
stances in the heathen world where the images of the De- 
ities worshipped have been very roughly treated, and even 
suffered public flagellation, for not having averted the ca- 
lamities which had been deprecated. 
T. Cogan, On the Passions, I. i. 3. 
flagellator (flaj'e-la-tor), n. [= F. flagellateur 
= Pg. flagellador = ft. flagellatore, < ML. fla- 
gellator, one who whips, one of the flagellants, 
< L. flagellare, whip: see flagellate 1 , v.~\ One 
who whips or scourges. 
flagellet, . [ME., < L. flagellum, a whip: see 
flail, flagellate 1 , t'.J A whip; a scourge. 
Thu must of rihte yeve him is penaunce 
With (tin flagelle of equite and resoun. 
Lydgate, Minor Poems, p. 146. 
flagellet, r. t. [< OF. flageller, < L. flagellare, 
whip: see flagellate^, i-.] To whip; scourge; 
lash. Itichardson. 
Hys legates are so furious and ragynge mad that a man 
would thinke, as they steppe forewardes, that Hathan wer 
sent from the face of God to flagelle the church. 
Bp. Bale, English Votaries, ii. 
flagelliferous (flaj-e-lif 'e-rus), a. [< L. flagel- 
lum, a whip, + ferre, = FJ. bear 1 , -f -ous.'] Pro- 
vided with flagella ; flagellate. 
flagelliform (fla-jel'i-f6rm), a. [< L. flagellum, 
A whip, + forma, shape.] 1. Long, thin, and 
flexible, like the lash of a whip. 
These appear to be pear-shaped sacs, . . . each having 
& flagelliform cilinni in its interior. 
W. B. Carpenter, Micros., 449. 
2. In bot., runner-like. 
flagellula (fla-jel'u-la), . ; pi. flagellulte (-le). 
[NL., Aim. of ii. flagellum, a, whi-p'i see flagellum.'] 
A flagellate spore; a spore or sporule with a 
flagelliform appendage, as a zoospore, swarm- 
spore, or the monadiform young of many pro- 
tozoans. 
The resemblance of these monadiform young (best called 
flageltitlfe) to the adult forms known as Flagellata. 
Encyc. Brit., XIX. 837. 
flagellum (fla-jel'um), n. ; pi. flagella (-a). [L., 
a whip : see flagelle, n., flail, and flagellate^, u.] 
1. In Rom.archceol., a scourge. The Roman scourges 
were made of leather thongs, several being attached to 
one handle, and sometimes of cord, to which metal rings 
were attached, or of wire twisted and eyed so as to form 
links, the instrument then consisting of many such links 
in strands of chain. 
2. [NL.] Inbot. : (a) Arunner; a weak, creep- 
ing shoot sent out from the bottom of the stem, 
2248 
The flagella . . . become visible in the hanging-drop at 
one or both extremities of the bacteria by forming an eddy. 
Ilueppe, Bacteriological Investigations (trans.), p. 73. 
Flagella can be characterized [in Infusoria} as isolated 
and more or less elongate cilia. S. Kent, Infusoria, p. 44. 
4. In entom., the outer portion of a geniculate 
antenna, or of any antenna which has a long 
basal joint with shorter and regular joints be- 
, yond it. The basal joint is then called the scape, and 
the remainder of the organ is the flagellum. In Diftern 
and Nemocera it includes the whole antenna, exclusive of 
the two basal joints or scapes. 
flageolet (flaj'o-let), . [Also written flagelet, 
and formerly flagellate (simulating flagellate!); 
< OF. (and F.) flageolet, a pipe, whistle, flute, 
dim. of OF.flageol,flagiel,flajeol,flagel,flageau, 
etc., = Pr. flaujol, flaubol, a flageolet, flute, < 
ML. as if 'flautiolus, dim. offlauta, a flute : see 
flute 1 , .] A musical instrument of the flute or 
whistle class, in which the tone is produced by 
a stream of air striking against a sharp edge. 
Flageolet. 
It consists of a mouthpiece, usually a bulb in which the 
tone is produced, and a tube with six finger-holes. Its 
compass is a little more than two octaves upward from the 
O next above middle C. It is not now used in the orches- 
tra. It Is the representative of the ancient and medieval 
flute, its immediate precursor being the recorder. It is 
often called a flute-a-bec, in distinction from the modern 
German or transverse flute. The penny whistle is a cheap 
form of it. 
First, he that led the cavalcate 
Wore a sow-gelder's/aijeiJafe, 
On which he blew as strong a levet 
As well-fee'd lawyer on his brevate. 
S. Butler, Hudlbras, II. ii. 610. 
Well-taught he all the sounds express'd 
Ot flageolet or flute. 
Cowper, Death of Mrs. Throckmorton's Bulflnch. 
Double flageolet, a flageolet having two tubes and one 
mouthpiece, on which simple two-part music may be 
played. It was invented about 1800. 
flageolet-tones (flaj'o-let-tonz), n. pi. In in- 
struments of the viol class, harmonics that is, 
tones made by lightly stopping a string at one 
of its aliquot divisions: so called because of 
their flute-like quality. 
flag-fallent, a. Out of employment, as a player. 
Flagellum of Strawberry. 
and rooting and forming new plants at the 
nodes, as in the strawberry. (6f) A twig or 
young shoot, (c) In certain Hepaticte, a lash- 
like branch formed on the ventral surface of 
the stem, and bearing rudimentary leaves. 3. 
[NL.] In biol., a long lash-like appendage to 
certain inf usorians, bacteria, and protoplasmic 
reproductive bodies in cryptogams; a large 
cilium. By means of rapid vibration it serves 
as an organ of locomotion. 
Four or five flag-falne plaiers, poore harmlesse knaves, 
that were neither lords nor ladies, but honestly wore there 
owne clothes. Mowley, Search for Money (1609). 
flag-feather (flag'fera'er), n. A feather of a 
bird's wing next to the body. 
flagginess (flag'i-nes), n. The quality of being 
flaggy; laxness; limpness. 
flagging 1 (flag'ing), p. a. [Ppr. of flag*, .] 
Limp; drooping; languid; failing. 
He is the flagging'st bulrush that ere droopt 
With each slight mist of raine. 
Marston, Antonio and Mellida, I., ii. 1. 
Dull, flagging notes that with each other jar. 
Wordsworth, Sonnets, i. 10. 
The sole means she found of reviving the flagging dis- 
course was by asking them if they would all stay to tea. 
Charlotte Bronte, Shirley, vii. 
flagging 2 (flag'ing), . [Verbal n. of flag*, r.] 
1. The act of laying with flagstones, as a side- 
walk. 2. Flagstones collectively; a pavement 
or sidewalk of flagstones. 
And in the heavenly city heard angelic feet 
Fall on the golden flagging of the street. 
Longfellow, Golden Legend, ii. 
flaggingly (flag'ing-li), adv. In a flagging man- 
ner; limply; languidly; wearily. Imp. Diet. 
flaggy 1 ! (flag'i), a. [<flagi + -yi. Ct.flackyJ 
1 . Flagging ; languid ; limp. 
That basking in the sun thy bees may lie, 
And resting there, their flaggy pinions dry. 
Dryden, tr. of Virgil's Georgics, iv. 
Without flavor; insipid: as, " a great ./to/- 
le," Bacon. 
(nag'i), a. [< flag'* + -yi.] Like a flag; 
broad; spreading. 
His flaggy winges, when forth he did display, 
Were like two sayles. Spenser, F. Q., I. xi. 10. 
Plantaines that haue a broad flaggie leafe growing in 
clusters and shaped like cucumbers. Purchas, Pilgrimage. 
aggy 3 (flag'i), a. [< WE.flaggi; < flagS + -yl.] 
ounding in or resembling the plants called 
He set out hym in the flaggi place of the brinke of the 
node. Wycltf, Ex. ii. 3 (Oxf.). 
flaggy 4 (flag'i), a. [<flag + -yi.] Suitable for 
or resembling flagstones in structure ; fissile. 
They are now fine flaggy micaceous gneisses and mica- 
schists, which certainly could not have been developed 
out of any such Archtean gneiss as is now visible to the 
west. Amer. Jour. Sri., 3d ser., XXIX. 13. 
flagon 
flagitate (flaj'i-tat), r. t. ; pret. and pp. flagi- 
tateil, ppr. fliiyitatiiig. [< L. fltii/itatiin, pp. of 
JliKjitare, demand, demand fiercely, urge with 
violence or importunity ; akin to flat/rare, burn : 
see flagrant.'] To demand fiercely or imperi- 
ously. Carlyle. [Rare.] 
flagitation (flaj-i-ta'shon), w. [< L. flagita- 
tiii(n-), an earnest request or demand, impor- 
tunity, < flagitare, pp. flagitatiis, demand: see 
fltit/itatc.] The act of flagitating or demanding 
with fierceness or passion ; extreme importu- 
nity. Carlyle. [Rare.] 
flagitious (fla-jish'us), a. [=OF.flagicieus=: 
Sp. Pg. flagicioso = It. flagizioso, < L. flagitio- 
sus, disgraceful, shameful, infamous, <flagitium, 
an eager or furious demand, a disgraceful act 
(> It.flagizio = Sp. Pg.flagicio, disgraceful con- 
duct), < flagitare, demand, demand fiercely: see 
flagitate.] 1. Shamefully wiked; atrocious; 
scandalous; flagrant; grossly criminal: as, a 
flagitious action or crime. 
He beynge blynded with the ambicions desyre of rule 
before this, in obteyning the kyngdome, had perpetrate 
and done many flagicioug actes and detestable tyrannies. 
Ilall, Kich. III., an. 3. 
The account of what befel the Jews upon their crucify- 
ing the Lord of life, and fastening the guilt of that flagi- 
tious act upon themselves and their posterity. 
Bp. Atterbury, Sermons, II. v. 
That gallant cavalier [Colonel Turner] was hanged, after 
the restoration, for & flagitious burglary. 
Macaulay, Hallam's Const. Hist 
2. Guilty of scandalous crimes ; profligate ; cor- 
rupt; abandoned. 
These were artifices which wicked men make use of to 
deter the best of men from punishing tyrants and flagi- 
tious persons. Milton, Defence of People of England. 
He dies, sad outcast of each church and state, 
And, harder still ! flagitious, yet not great. 
Pope, Moral Essays, I. 205. 
3. Marked or characterized by scandalous 
crimes or vices: as, a, flagitious record. 
Discharge that rage on more provoking crimes, 
Nor fear a dearth in these flagitious times. 
Pope, Essay on Criticism, I. 529. 
= Syn. Execrable, Villainous, etc. (see nefarious); hei- 
nous, shameful, infamous, shocking, vile, 
flagitiously (fla-jish'us-li), adv. In a flagitious 
manner; with extreme wickedness ; atrocious- 
ly; scandalously. 
If Amasa were now, in the act of loyalty, justly (on 
God's part) payd for the arerages of his late rebellion, yet 
that it should be done by thy hand, then and thus, it was 
flagitiously cruel. Bp. Hall, Sheba's Rebellion. 
A sentence so flagitiously unjust. Macaulay. 
flagitiousness (fla-jish'us-nes), n. The condi- 
tion or quality of being flagitious; shameful 
wickedness ; atrocity. 
It exhibits to him a life thrown away on vanities and 
follies, or consumed in flagitiousness and sin : no station 
properly supported ; no material duties fulfilled. 
Blair, Works, I. ii. 
Thtttflagitioumess of thegoverning agencies themselves, 
which was shown by the venality of ministers and mem- 
bers of Parliament, and by the corrupt administration of 
justice, has disappeared. H. Spencer, Prin. of Sociol., 8574. 
flag-lieutenant (flag 'lu- ten* ant), n. In the 
navy, an officer on an admiral's staff who per- 
forms such duties for him as an aide-de-camp 
performs for a general in the army, communi- 
cating his orders to the ships under his com- 
mand either in person or by signal. 
flagman (flag'mau), H. ; pi. flagmen (-men). 1. 
A signal-man on a railway, who makes signals 
by means of flags. 2f. A flag-officer; an ad- 
miral. 
To Mr. Lilly's the painter's, and there saw the heads . . . 
of the flagtjmtn in the late great light with the Duke of 
York against the Dutch. Pepys, Diary, April 18, 1666. 
He was a kind of Flagman, a Vice- Admiral, in all those 
expeditions of good-fellowship. 
Qentleman Instructed, p. 535. 
flag-officer (flag'of'i-ser), n. A naval officer 
privileged to display a flag denoting his rank ; 
an admiral, vice-admiral, rear-admiral, or com- 
modore. In the United States navy, from 1857 to 1862, 
it was the official title of a captain while in actual com- 
mand of a squadron ; but it was superseded in the latter 
year on the creation of the permanent grades of commo- 
dore and rear-admiral. 
He told me that our very commanders, nay, our very flag- 
officers, do stand in need of exercising among themselves, 
and discoursing the business of commanding a fleete. 
Pepys, Diary, July 4, 1666. 
flagon (flag'on), n. [< OF. flagon, flacon, older 
flascoii, < ML. flasco(n-), aug. offlascus, flasca, 
a flask: see flask and flacket 2 . For the form 
flagon (for "flaeon), cf. ME.flaget=:flaket, flack- 
et; and dragon, < OF. dragon, < L. rfraco(n-).] 
A vessel for holding liquids, especially for ta- 
ble use. It has a spout, a handle, and usually 
a cover. 
