fog-alarm 
fog-alarm (log'a-larm"), . A signal or warn- 
ing by sound from a bell, gun, whistle, or horn, 
to indicate to passing vessels the position of 
rocks, shoals, bars, lighthouses, light-ships, 
buoys, etc., in thick or foggy weather, or to 
warn one vessel of the approach of another. 
A fog-alarm may be sounded by the tides or a current, by 
the pulsation or swaying of the waves, by the wind, by 
clockwork impelled by weights or springs, or by the roll- 
ing of a ship. 
fog-bank (fog'bangk), n. 1 . A stratum of fog as 
seen from a distance. 2. An appearance at sea 
in hazy weather, sometimes resembling land at 
a distance, but vanishing as it is approached : 
sometimes called by sailors Capv Fly-away, 
Dutchman's Land, and No-man's Land. 
fog-bell (fog'bel), re. A bell placed on an an- 
chored vessel, buoy, headland, rock, or shoal, 
rung by the motion of the waves or the force of 
the wind, and serving as a warning to mariners 
in foggy weather. 
" O father ! I hear the church-bells ring, 
O say, what may it be ? " 
" 'Tis & fog-bell on a rock-bound coast ! " 
Long-fellow, Wreck of the Hesperus. 
fog-bound (fog'bound), a. Impeded, detained, 
embarrassed, or confined by fog. 
We vf ere fog-bound in Penobscot bay. 
The Congregationalist, Sept. 3, 1885. 
fog-bow (fog'bo), n. A faintish white arch seen 
in fog, similar to the rainbow, and due to the 
action of the same causes, the globules of water 
of the fog playing the same part as the rain- 
drops. It is, however, usually less extended and less 
sharply defined, and if colored at all has only a slightly 
rosy tint. Fog-bows are sometimes observed at sea when 
the fog is very dense, as off the coast of Newfoundland. 
Among various meteorological phenomena witnessed 
during the cruise were parhelias and fog-bows, which 
were of common occurrence off Wrangel Island. 
Arc. Cruise of the Corurin, 1881, p. 13. 
fog-cheese (fog'chez), . In Yorkshire, Eng- 
land, a cheese made from the milk of cows fed 
on fog, or aftergrass. Nares. 
fog-dog (fog'dog), n. A break or clearing spot 
in a fog-bank, presaging the lifting of the fog. 
fog-eater (fog'e"ter), re. A break in a fog-bank 
or mist, a sign of clearing weather ; also applied 
to the fog-bow. 
fogfruit (fog'frot), n. The Lippia lanceolata, a 
procumbent verbenaceous plant of the eastern 
United States, with close heads of small flow- 
ers. 
foggage (fog'aj), n. [Also written fogage ; < 
fogl + -age.']' Rank grass which remains on 
land in winter ; also, grass which grows among 
grain, and is fed on by horses or cattle after 
the crop is removed; aftergrass. 
Thy wee bit housie, too, in ruin ! . . . 
An' naething, now, to big a new ane, 
O' foggage green ! Burns, To a Mouse. 
A simple and sufficiently accurate rule ... is to mow 
when the [forage] plants are in full flower. If this stage 
is exceeded, both the quality of the hay and tfie amount 
of the foggage or aftermath are seriously injured. 
Encyc. Brit., I. 379. 
fogged (f ogd), a. [</og' 1 + -ed 2 .] Covered with 
fog; misty; dim; dark. [Rare.] 
It must be such a dawn and shade 
As that day cast, wherein was made 
The sun, before man's damning fall 
Threw &fogg'd guilt upon this all. 
Felthatn, Lusoria. 
fogger 1 (fog'er), re. [Prob. < MD. focker, a 
monopolist or an engrosser of wares and com- 
modities (ML. reflex fuggerus), < focken, pack 
up, gather secretly. See pettifogger, i. e., pet- 
ty fogger, orig. two words.] 1. A huckster. 
[Prov.Eng.] 2f. A cheat; one who engages in 
mean or disreputable practices or professional 
arts for gain, especially in the practice of law ; 
a pettifogger. 
An infectious lnw-fogger. 
Middleton, Father Hubbard's Tales. 
I shall be exclaimed upon to be a beggarly fogger, greed- 
ily hunting after heritage. Terence in English (1614). 
3. A groom or man-servant. [Prov. Eng.] 
fogger 2 (fog'er), re. [< fog% + -er 1 .] In Eng- 
land, a farm-laborer who fodders cattle and 
carries out the hay in the morning and even- 
ing. 
Foggers know all the game on the places where they 
work ; there is not a hare or a rabbit, a pheasant or a par- 
tridge, whose ways are not plain to them. 
The Century, XXXVI. 812. 
foggily (fog'i-li), adv. With fog; obscurely; 
darkly. Johnson. 
fogginess (fog'i-nes), re. The state of being 
foggy, in any sense of that word. 
2299 
It ought to be observed that in order to produce such 
deceptions from the clearness or fogginess of the air it 
must be uncommonly clear, or uncommonly foggy. 
llei/l, Inquiry into the Human Mind, vi. i 22. 
fog-gun (fog 'gun), n. A gun fired in foggy 
weather as a warning to sailors. 
foggy 1 (iog'i),, l<fog l + -2/ 1 -] 1. Abound- 
ing with fog; damp with fog; misty: as, a, foggy 
morning. 
Is not their climate foggy, raw, and dull? 
Shalt., Hen. V., iii. 5. 
Hence 2. Figuratively, dull; stupid. 
Your coarse, foggy, drowsy conceit. 
Sir J. Hayward, Aus. to Doleman, p. 35. 
3. Dim; not clear; obscure: as, his description 
was rather foggy. 4. In pliotog., affected by 
fog; fogged: said of a negative. 
Many weak, ttiin, foggy negatives may ... be made to 
produce passable prints. 
Workshop Receipts, 1st ser., p. 292. 
foggy 2 (fog'i), a. [< /o<7 2 + -J/ 1 .] 1. Abound- 
ing or covered with fog or moss. [Scotch.] 
2. Coarse ; rank, as grass. 
foggy 3 t (fog'i), [</o<7 4 + -y 1 -'] Same as /o^. 
Whereas I was wonte to be blobbe-cheked or have . 
chekes that shaked as I went, they be nowe shronke up, 
or drawen to-gether. Palsgrave, Acolastus. 
Travelling on the way, the weather being extreame hot 
and the horse no lesse fat and foggie with over much for- 
mer ease, fell downe and died. 
Copley, Wits, Fits, and Fancies. 
foggy-bee (fog'i-be), re. {(foggy* + See 1 .] A 
name of the carder-bee, Bombus muscorum. 
fog-hom (fog'horn), re. 1 . A horn used on board 
a vessel to sound a warning signal to other ves- 
sels in foggy weather. 2. A sounding instru- 
ment for warning vessels off shore during a fog. 
foil 
cannon, the foe-whistle, etc. ('>) A signal made on shore, 
as by a powerful fog-horn oi 1 steam-whistle, to warn ships 
nlf ;i coast. See fwj-nlann. Specifically (c) In rail., a 
sijjnul made by piacint; detonating caps or torpedoes on 
tin- mils, which, being exploded by the engine passing over 
them, give warning of danger ahead. 
fog-smoke (fog'smok), re. Fog; mist. [Poeti- 
cal.] 
Whiles all tile night, through fog-smoke white, 
Glimmered the white moonshine. 
Coleridge, Ancient Mariner, i. 
fogy (fo'gi), n. ; pi. fogies (-giz). [Connections 
unknown ; Jamieson cites Sw. fogde, formerly 
one who had the charge of a garrison ; this is 
doubtful. Sw. fogde, a country steward, = 
Dan. foged, a bailiff, = MLG. voget = G. vogt, 
bailiff, constable, steward, < MHG. vogt, voget, 
OHQ.fogat, < ML. vocatusfor advocdtus, advo- 
cate, patron, protector, lord, etc.: see advocate, 
n.'] 1. A slow or dull fellow ; an old-fashioned 
or very conservative person ; one who is averse 
to change or novelty : usually with the epithet 
old. [Colloq. or slang.] 
Old Livermore, old Soy, old Chutney the East India di- 
rector, old Cutler the surgeon, &c., that society of old fo- 
gies in fine, who give each other dinners round and round, 
and dine for the mere purpose of guttling these, again, 
are dinner-giving snobs. Thackeray, Book of Snobs. 
Jamieson. 
Hamersly. 
Brown's Siren Fog-horn. 
The most powerful of these instruments is the siren, or si- 
ren fog-horn (see siren), in which the sound is produced by 
means of a disk with twelve radial slits, which is made to 
rotate in front of a fixed disk exactly similar, a cast-iron 
trumpet 20 feet long forming part of the apparatus. The 
moving disk revolves 2,800 times a minute, and in each 
revolution there are of course twelve coincidences between 
the two disks ; through the openings thus made steam or 
air at a high pressure is made to pass, so that there are 
33,600 puffs of steam or compressed air per minute. The 
pulsations thus developed impinge upon the sides of the 
trumpet and are reflected outward in parallel rays, produ- 
cing a blast of very great power in the direction required. 
fogie, re. See fogy. 
fogie (fo'gl), re. A pocket-handkerchief. 
[Thieves' slang.] 
"If you don't take fogies and tickers, . . . if you don't 
take pocket-handkechers and watches," said the Dodger, 
reducing his conversation to the level of Oliver's capacity, 
"some other cove will." Dickens, Oliver Twist, xviii. 
fogless (fog'les), a. [< fogT- + -less.'] Without 
fog; clear. 
foglietto (fo-lyi-et'to), n. [It., a sheet of paper, 
leaf of a book, dim. of foglio, leaf: see /oi? 1 , 
folio.] In orchestral music, the part for the first 
violin; the leader's part. It is written with more de- 
tailed directions than the other parts, and hence is often 
used by the conductor in the absence of the score. 
fogramt (fog'ram), n. Seefogrum. 
fog-ring (fog'ring), re. In meteor., a bank of fog 
in a circular or ring form : a phenomenon not 
unusual off the coast of Newfoundland. Brande 
and Cox. 
fogrumt (f og'rum), re. and a. [Also written fog- 
ram ; appar. the same us fogy, with capriciously 
altered termination.] I. re. A fogy. 
Never mind, old fogrum ; run away with me. 
O'Keefe, Fontainebleau, ii. 3. 
II. a. Fogyish. Davies. 
Father and mother are but a couple of fogrum old fools. 
Foote, Trip to Calais, i. 
fog-signal (fog'sig"nal), re. Any signal made 
in foggy weather to prevent danger to ships or 
railroad-trains by collision or otherwise, (a) A 
signal made on board ship in a fog to prevent collision, 
as by the ringing of a bell, the discharge of musketry or 
2. An invalid or garrison soldier. 
3. Extra pay for long service. 
[Colloq.] 
Also written fogie, fogey. 
fogydom (fo'gi-dum), re. [<fogy ' + -dom.~\ The 
state or condition of a fogy ; fogies collectively. 
fogyish (fo'gi-ish), a. [< fogy + -ish.] Hav- 
ing the old-fashioned or conservative ideas or 
tastes of a fogy. 
The banker, if he were not too old fogyish, wore paper 
collars. Paper World, XIII. 15. 
fogyism (fo'gi-izm), re. [<fogy + -ism.~\ The 
habits or practices of a fogy; the state of be- 
ing a fogy ; whatever is characteristic of a fogy. 
fob 1 (fo), interj. [Another form of faugh, q. v.] 
An exclamation of abhorrence or contempt: 
same &spoh. 
Foh I one may smell in such a will most rank, 
Foul disproportions, thoughts unnatural. 
Shak., Othello, iii. 3. 
Foh 2 (fo), re. [A mod. Chin, form (anciently 
Bod) of the name Buddha : see Buddha.] The 
name in China of Buddha, the founder of Bud- 
dhism, which was introduced into that country 
about A. D. 67. Also written -Fo and Foh-to. 
Fohism (fo'izm), . [< Foh 2 + -ism : see Foh 2 .'] 
Chinese Buddhism. 
Fohist (fo'ist), n. [< Folft + -ist.'] A Chinese 
Buddhist ; a votary of Foh or Buddha. 
foialt, foyalt, a. [OF. : see /eaZ 1 .] Same as 
The act of homage to the king implied and was accom- 
panied by the oath of fealty ; the oath recognised that it 
was the same thing to be/oiai and loial. 
Stubbs, Const. Hist, 785. 
foible (foi'bl), a. and n. [< F. foible, another 
form of faible (as a noun, faible, a weak point, 
a weakness, failing), < OF.feble, etc., feeble: 
see feeble.] I.f a. Feeble; weak. 
The fencing-masters, when they present a foyle or fleu- 
ret to their scholars, tell him it hath two parts ; one of 
which he calleth the fort or strong, and the other the/o*/- 
ble or weak. Lord Herbert of Cherbury, Memoirs, p. 46. 
II. re. 1. That part of the blade of a sword 
which is included between the middle and the 
point. Formerly also feeble and faible. 2. A 
special weakness of character; afailing; aweak 
point; a fault of a not very serious kind. 
His strong good sense saved him from the faults and 
foibles incident to poets from nervous egotism, sham 
modesty, or jealousy. Emerson, Walter Scott. 
= Syn. 2. Infirmity, imperfection, defect, fault. 
foil 1 (foil), re. [Early mod. E. also foyle; < ME. 
foile, a leaf, = D. foelie = G. Dan. Sw. folie, 
foil (def. 3), < OF. foil, foel, fuel, fueil, fuetll, 
m., foille, fuile, fueille, f., F. feuille, f., a leaf, 
sheet of paper, metal, etc., foil in jewelry, 
a scale, lamina, = Pr. folh, fueilh, m., folha, 
fuelha, {., = OSp. foja, Sp. hoja, f., = Pg. folha, 
f., = U.foglio, m., leaf of paper, page, paper, 
foglia, f., leaf, lamina, < L. folium, a leaf, LL. 
a leaf of paper (pi. folia, whence the fern. 
Rom. forms), = Gr. ^MAov, a leaf. From the 
same source (L. folium) are folio, foliage, foli- 
ate, exfoliate, etc., trefoil, quatrefotl, cinquefoil, 
etc., feuillet, feuilleton, etc.] If. A leaf, as of 
a plant. 
If the list her [onions'] hedes forto swelle, 
Plucke of the foiles alle aboute on lofte. 
Palladius, Husbondrie (E. E. T. 8.), p. 82. 
The mast-holm may be cut into fine thin foile or leaves 
like plates, and those also are of a daintie or pleasant 
colour. Holland, tr. of Pliny, xvi. 43. 
