fusion 
fusion, the melting of anhydrous salts by heat without 
their undergoing any decomposition. Latent heat Of 
fusion, the heat which is expended in the molecular work 
involved in the change from the solid to the liquid state. 
(See latent heat, under heat. ) Thus, to change a pound of ice 
at the freezing-point to a pound of water at the same Imi- 
perature requires about SO thermal unite, which number 
expresses, therefore, the latent heat of the fusion of ice. 
Point Of fusion Of metals, the degree of heat at which 
they melt or liquefy. This point is very different for differ- 
ent metals. Thus, mercury becomes liquid at 39, while 
platinum requires for its fusion the intense heat produced 
by the oxyhydrogen blowpipe, it being infusible in the 
furnace. See under the names of the different metals 
the approximate fusiug-points of each. 
fusionism (fu'zhon-izm), n. [(fusion + -ism.'] 
Same as fusion, 4'. 
fusionist (fu'zhon-ist), . [= F.fusionniste; 
as fusion + -isi.] In politics, one who advo- 
cates or supports some more or less tempora- 
ry coalition of two or more parties or factions 
against another. 
fusionless (fo'zhon-les), a. [Sc., also foison- 
less, fizzenless ; < fusion, foison, abundance, 
etc., + -less: see foisonless.] Same as fizzen- 
less. 
fusoid (fu'soid), a. [< L. fusus, a spindle, + 
Gr. eMof, form.] Same as fusiform. 
fuss (f us), n. [A colloq. and dial, word, scarce- 
ly found in literary use before the 19th cen- 
tury; the record is therefore defective. The 
noun appears to be due to the adj. fussy, which 
is prob. an extended form (with the common 
adj. suffix -y l ) of ME./, fous, eager, anxious, 
< AS. fus, ready, prompt, quick, eager: see 
fouse, and cf. feezet, feaze 1 , the derived verb.] 
1. Trifling, useless, or annoying activity; dis- 
orderly bustle; an anxious display of petty 
energy. 
Old mother Dalmaine, with all her/u, was ever a bad 
cook, and overdid everything. Disraeli, Young Duke. 
2. A disturbing course of action ; a display of 
perturbed feeling ; disturbance; tumult: as, to 
make a fuss over a disappointment. 
Why, here's your Master in a most violent Fuss, and no 
mortal Soul can tell for what. Vanbrugh, Confederacy, iv. 
People had not learned how to meet and dance without 
making a fuss over it, taking up carpets, putting candles in 
tin sconces, keeping late hours, and having a supper, the 
preparation of which was mainly done by the ladies of 
the house. W. Besant, Fifty Years Ago, p. 89. 
3f. A large, fat, bustling person. 
That great ramping Fuss, thy Daughter, . . . 
Rambles about from place to place. 
Cotton, Burlesque upon Burlesque, p. 233. 
Madam, o' Sunday Morning at Church I curtsied to you ; 
and look'd at a great Fuss in a glaring light dress next 
Pew. Steele, Grief A-la-Mode, iii. 1. 
fuss (fus), v. [< fuss, .] I. intrans. To make 
much ado about trifles ; make a bustle. 
He fussed , fretted, commanded, and was obeyed. Scott. 
II. trans. To disturb or confuse with trifling 
matters. 
Her intense quietude of bearing suited Miss Gryce, who 
could not bear to be fussed. Cornhill Hag. 
fussball (fus'bal), n. See fuzzball. 
fussify (fus'i-fi), v, i. or t. ; pret. and pp. fus- 
sified, ppr. fussifylng. [< fuss + -i-fy.] To 
fuss ; make a fuss about. [Vulgar.] 
fussily (fus'i-li), adv. In a fussy or bustling 
manner. 
Followed by a long train of clients, . . . the redile fidget- 
ed fussily away. Bulwer, Last Days of Pompeii, p. 13. 
fussiness (fus'i-nes), n. The state of being 
fussy; bustle, especially needless or disorderly 
bustle. 
She was fussy, no doubt ; but her real activity bore a fair 
proportion to her fussiness. Marryat, Snarleyyow. 
That exaltation of English character which seems wholly 
compatible with British fussiness. 
Harper's Mag., LXXVII. 964. 
fusslet (fus'l), v. t. Same stsfuzzle. 
fussock (fus'ok), n. [</, n., 3, + -ock.] A 
large, fat woman. [Prov. Eng.] 
fussy (fus'i), a. [Now regarded as fuss, n., + 
-y^ ; but perhaps orig. an extended form of 
ME. fus, fous, eager, anxious : see fuss, n., and 
fouse.] Moving and acting with fuss ; bustling ; 
making much ado about trifles ; making more 
ado than is necessary. 
The "over-formal" often impede, and sometimes frus- 
trate, business, by a dilatory, tedious, circuitous, and 
(what in colloquial language is called) fussy way of con- 
ducting the simplest transactions. 
Whately, Note on Bacon's Essay of Seeming Wise. 
Very fussy about his food was Sergeant B., and much 
trotting of attendants was necessary when he partook of 
nourishment. L. M. Alcott, Hospital Sketches, p. 88. 
fust 1 (fust), . [< OF. fmt, fuist, feust, fus, a 
stick, stock, stake, log, shaft, branch or stem 
of a tree, a tree, wood, etc., F. fiit, stock, 
2420 
shaft, = Sp. Pg. /Mate = It. fusto, m., stock, 
stem, etc. (cf. OF. fuste, f.. a stock, piece of 
wood, cask, pipe, hogshead, also a foist (a sail- 
ing vessel so called), = Sp. Pg. It. fusta : see 
foist*), < L. fustis, a knobbed stick, a club, 
ML. also a stock, stem, tree, etc., connected 
with *fendere, strike, in comp. det'eiiili-rr, <>/'- 
fendere: see fetid 1 , defend, offend.] In art-It. . 
the shaft of a column, or the trunk of a pilas- 
ter. Gwilt. 
fust'-'t (fust), v. i. [< fusty.] To be fusty ; be- 
come moldy ; smell ill. 
Sure, he that made us with such large discourse, 
Looking before and after, gave us not 
That capability and godlike reason 
To fust in us unus'd. Shak., Hamlet, iv. 4. 
But N inimiiiis eas'd the needy gallant's care 
With a base bargain of his blowen ware 
Ot fueled hops, now lost for loss of sale. 
Bp. Hall, Satires, iv. 6. 
fust 2 t (fust), n. [< fusft, '.] A strong musty 
smell. 
fust 3 t, Same &B foist*. 
i'1'hi-j had seene and told 30 . sailes that were most part 
gallies and/trte. Hakluyt's Voyages, II. 77. 
fustanet, . An obsolete form of fustian. 
fustanella (fus-ta-nel'a), n. [See fustanelle.] 
Same as fustanelle. 
His [Pharaoh's] warriors follow, looking, according to 
the eyes with which we look at them, like Romans in mil- 
itary dress, or like Albanians in the immeniorial/tutotuHa. 
E. A. Freeman, Venice, p. 171. 
fustanelle (fus-ta-nel'), . [< ML. fustanella, 
dim. of NGr. jkoMTW) = Bulg. fushtan = Serv. 
fushtan, fishtan = Alb. fustan, a petticoat, < 
It. fustagno, fustian: see fustian.'] A petti- 
coat or kilt of white cotton or linen, very full 
and starched, worn as a part of the modern 
Greek costume for men. It is Albanian in its 
origin. 
I flew over his [a donkey's] head and alighted firmly on 
my feet, but the spruce young Greeks, whose snowy fusta- 
neltes were terribly bespattered, came off much worse. 
/,'. Taylor, Lands of the Saracen, p. 359. 
fusteric (fus'ter-ik), n. [< fustet, with altered 
term., + -ic.] A yellow coloring matter derived 
from fustet. 
fustet (fus'tet), n. [< F. fustet, the smoke-tree, 
OF. also fustel, fostel = Pr. fustet = Sp. Pg. 
fustete, ML. fttstetus, fustet, < L. fustis, a stick, 
ML. a tree, etc. : see fust 1 , and cf. fustic.] The 
smoke-tree or Venetian sumac, Rhus Cotinus, 
and also its wood, otherwise called young fustic 
(which see, under fustic). 
fustian (fus'tyan), n. and a. [< ME. fustian, 
fustien, fustane = OD. fusteyn, < OF. fustaine, 
fustalgne, F. futaine = Pr. fustani = Sp. fustan 
= Pg. fustao = It. fustagno, frustagno, < ML. 
fustianum, fustaneum, fustanum, fustian, with 
adj. suffix, -i-anum, etc., < Ar. Fustdt, the name 
of a suburb of Cairo in Egypt whence the stuff 
first came ; cf . Ar. fustat, a tent made of goats' 
hair. Hence ult. fustanelle. With fustian as 
applied to style cf. the similar use of bombast.] 
1. n. If. Formerly, a stout cloth, supposed to 
have been of cotton or cotton and flax, it was 
in use in Europe throughout the middle ages. In the 
thirteenth and fourteenth centuries priests' robes and 
women's dresses were made of it, and there were both 
cheap and costly varieties. It appears to have been worn 
when strength and durability were required, and gradually 
the use of it was confined to servants and laborers. In 
the reign of Edward III. the name was given to a similar 
fabric woven of wool, the nap of which was sheared. 
Is supper ready? . . . the serving-men in their new fus- 
tian? Shak., T. of the S., iv. 1. 
2. In present use, a stout twilled cotton fabric, 
especially that which has a short nap, various- 
ly called corduroy, moleskin, beaverteen, velveteen, 
thickset, etc., according to the way in which it 
is finished. See pillow. 3. An inflated or tur- 
gid style of speaking or writing, characterized 
by the use of high-sounding phrases and exag- 
gerated metaphors, and running into hyper- 
bole and rant ; empty phrasing. 
Prithee let's talk/urttan a little, and gull them ; make 
them believe we are great scholars. 
B. Jonson, Every Man out of his Humour, iii. 1. 
And he, whose fustian '8 so sublimely bad, 
It is not poetry, but prose run mad. 
Pope, Prol. to Satires, 1. 187. 
Of their [Dryden's plays'] rant,their/u*<tan, their bom- 
bast, their bad English, of their innumerable sins against 
Dryden's own better conscience both as poet and critic, I 
shall excuse myself from giving any instances. 
Lowell, Among my Books, 1st ser., p. 66. 
4. A potation composed of the yolks of eggs, 
white wine or other liquor, lemon, and spices. 
[Eng.] 
fusty 
Ruin fimlian is a "nijiht-cap," made precisely in tin- 
same way [as e^K-'lipJ- Ilotf, Year Book, ]. (iii. 
= Syn. 3. Ttirnnlni'sx, Jtant, etc. See bvinljii.it. 
II. (t. 1. Made of fustian. 
There were many classes of people here, from the la- 
bouring man in his fustian jacket to the broktn-down 
spendthrift in shawl dressing-gown. 
Dickens, Pickwick, xli. 
2. Pompous in style ; ridiculously tumid ; bom- 
bastic. 
Come, come, leave these fustian protestations. 
B. Jonson, Every Man out of his Humour, Ind. 
The absurd &m\ fustian courtship of the times, which 
was a corruption of the Euphues and Arcadia. 
, /. Note to B. Jonson's Cynthia's Revels, iii. 
fustianist (fus'tyan-ist), . [< fustian + -ist.] 
One who writes fustian. 
In their choice preferring the gay rankness of Apuleius, 
Arnobius, or any modern fustianitit, before the native 
Latinisms of Cicero. Milton, Apology for Smectymnuus. 
fustianize (fus'tyan-iz), v. i.; pret. and pp. 
Justianizcd, ppT.fustianizing. [(.fustian + -i;c.] 
To write in an inflated or exaggerated style; 
write fustian. [Rare.] 
What is a poet's love? 
To write a girl a sonnet, 
To get a ring, or some such thing, 
\ndfu8tianize upon it. 
0. W. Holmes, The Poet's Lot. 
fustibale, fustibalus (fus'ti-bal, fus-tib'a-lus), 
w. [< L. fustis, a staff, + Gr. ftd'Afetv, throw.] 
Same as staff-slim/. 
fustic (fus'tfk), n. [With accom. term, -ic; for- 
merly fustike; < F. fustoc, < Sp. fustoc, fustoque, 
fustic, fustet: see fustet.] A dyestuff, the 
product of Cltlorojihora (Madura) tinctoria, a 
large urticaceous tree of the West Indies and 
tropical South America. It is of a light-yellow col- 
or, and is largely used for dyeing shades of yellow, brown, 
olive, and green. It is known technically as yelloir-ieood, 
old fustic, or Cuba wood. It appears in commerce in four 
states : as chips, as a powder, as an aqueous extract, and 
as a paste or lake. It is mordanted with alumina for yel- 
low, and with salts of iron for green. Young fustic, 
the wood of Wtus Cotinutt, the Venetian sumac or smoke- 
tree of southern Europe, used for dyeing yellow. It conies 
in commerce as small logs and crooked branches. It is 
also known &8 Xante fustic and fustet. It dyes wool mor- 
danted with alumina a fine orange color, but is easily af- 
fected by light. It is used by the tanners of Turkey, and 
in Tyrol, to impart an orange color to leather. 
fustigate (fus'ti-gat), v. t. ; pret. and pp. fusti- 
gated, ppr. fustigating. [< L. fustigatus, pp. of 
fustigare (> Pg. Sp. Pr. fustigar = F. fustiger), 
cudgel to death, < fustis, a cudgel, + agere, 
drive.] To beat with a cudgel ; cane. 
Falling out with his steward Rivaldus de Modena, an 
Italian, and fustigat ing him for his faults, the angry Ital- 
ian poysoned him [Cardinal Bambridge]. 
Fuller, Worthies, Westmoreland. 
I passed that night crying, "Hai, Hai !" switching th 
camel, and fruitlessly endeavoring to fustigate Masud's 
nephew, who resolutely slept on the water-bags. 
A'. P. Burton, El-Medinah, p. 362. 
fnstigation (fus-ti-ga'shon), n. [= F. fustiga- 
tion = Pg. fustigafSo ; as 'fustigate + -ion.] The 
act of fustigating or cudgeling ; punishment in- 
flicted by cudgeling. 
That is to say, six fustigatwns or displings about the 
parish church of Aldborough aforesaid, before a solemne 
procession, sixe seueral Sundaies, etc. 
Foxe, Martyrs, p. 609. 
I have not observed that Colonel De Craye is anything 
of a Celtiberian Egnatius meriting fustiffati<tn for an un- 
timely display of well-whitened teeth. 
G. Meredith, The Egoist, xxix. 
fustilariant (fus-ti-la'ri-an), n. [Appar. < fusty 
with arbitrary term, -l-arian.] A low fellow ; 
a scoundrel. 
Away, you scullion ! you rampallian ! you fustilarian ! 
I'll tickle your catastrophe. Shak., 2 Hen. IV., 11. 1. 
fustilugt, fustilugst, . [E. dial., appar. < 
fusty + lug 2 , n., ear, in some capricious ap- 
plication. But cf. fussock.] A gross, fat, un- 
wieldy person. 
You may daily see such fustilugs walking in the streets, 
like so many tuns. 
F. Junius, Sin Stigmatized (1639), p. 39. 
fustin (fus'tin), n. [< fustic + -in%.] The yel- 
low coloring matter contained in young fustic, 
the wood of Rhus Cotinus. 
fnstiness (fus'ti-nes), . The state or quality 
of being fusty ; an ill smell from moldiness, or 
moldiness itself. 
fusty (fus'ti), a. [Also fousty, foisty ; < OF. 
fuste, fusty, tasting of the cask, <fuste, a cask : 
see fust 1 ." Hence fus ft.] 1. Moldy; musty; 
ill-smelling; rank; rancid. 
If a feast, being never so great, lacked breade, or had 
ffii-ftnf and weightye breade, all the other daintyes should 
IM- uns:iverye. Attcham, Toxophilus, i. 
