Gemara 
Palestinian and the Babylonian, of which the latter is the 
mciiv important. Jewish writers often treat it alone as 
constituting the Talmud. 
And that which they thus added was called Gemara, or 
the complement. Purchas, Pilgrimage, p. lot). 
Gemaric (ge-mar'ik), a. [< Gemara + -tc.] 
Pertaining to the Gemara. 
gematria (ge-ma'tri-a), . [Heb., a translitera- 
tion of Gr. y-eufteT/iia" geometry.] A cabalistic 
system of Hebrew Biblical interpretation, con- 
sisting in the substitution for a word of any 
other the numerical values of whose letters 
gave the same sum. 
It must be observed that the supposed antiquity of 
gematria depends solely on a conjectural comment on 
Zechariah xii. 10. There is no clear instance of gematria, 
before Christian writers were strongly under Platonic in- 
fluence, e. g., Rev. xiii. 18; Barnabas ix. Gow. 
gematryt, An obsolete (Middle English) 
form ot geometri/. 
gem-cutting (jein'kuf'ing), n. The art of cut- 
ting and polishing precious stones. 
gemel (jem'el), n. [Also gemmel (and gimmal, 
gimbal, q. v.), < ME. gemel, < OF. gemel, later 
gemeau (> ME. gemcic, jemetc, gymew, gymmew, 
gymowe, later gemmew, gemmow, etc. ), F. jumeau 
= Sp. gemelo = Pg. gemeo = It. gemello, twin, < 
L. gemellus, dim. of geminun, twin : see geminate, 
Gemini.] 1. A twin. 2. Same as gimbal. 
For under it a cave, whose entrance streight 
Clos'd with a stone-wrought doore of no meane weight ; 
Yet from itselfe the gemels beaten so 
That little strength could thrust it to and fro. 
W. Browne, Britannia's Pastorals, ii. 3. 
3. In her., one of a pair of bars. See bars-gemel. 
Two gemels, silver, between two griffins passant. 
Strype, Life of Smith, i., note a. 
[Obsolete or archaic.] 
Gemellaria (jem-e-la'ri-a), n. [NL., < L. gemel- 
lus, twin, + -aria.] Tne typical genus of the 
family Gemellariida;, having the cells arranged 
in pairs, back to back, whence the name. G. 
loricata is a large species common in shallow 
water on the New England coast. 
Gemellariidse (je-mel-a-ri'i-de), n. pi. [NL., 
< Gemellaria + -idee.] A family of polyzoans, 
of the suborder Chilostomata and order Gym- 
noleemata, having an unjpinted, flexible, some- 
what membranous zoarium, with the zoo3cia 
unarmed, opposite, and paired. It contains sev- 
eral genera. Also Gemcllariadce. 
gemelli, . Plural of gemellus. 
gemellione (je-mel'i-on), n. [< ML. gemel- 
lio(n-), < L. gemellus, a twin: see gemellus.] In 
archasol., one of a pair of basins which served 
for washing before and after a meal, the water 
being poured from one into the other over the 
hands ; hence, any decorative basin. 
gemelliparous (jem-e-lip'a-rus), a. [< L. ge- 
mellus, twin, + parere, produce.] Producing 
twins. Bailey. [Rare.] 
gemellus (je-mel'us), .; pi. gemelli (-i). [L., 
a twin, dim. of geminus, a twin, adj. born at 
the same time : see geminate, Gemini.] In 
anat., one of a pair of muscles arising from the 
ischium, and accessory to the obturator in- 
ternus, with the tendon of which they are in- 
serted into the great trochanter of the femur. 
In man the gemelli are superior and inferior; in some 
animals they are much more highly developed ; in others 
there is a single gemellus ; and in the monotremes they 
are wanting. 
gemel-ring (jem'el-ring), n. A double or triple 
ring that is, one formed of two, three, or more 
circlets, so combined that they can be separated 
into as many parts as there are separate cir- 
clets : used as a keepsake. Also gimmal-ring. 
See gimbal. 
gemel-window (jem'el-win"do), n. A window 
with two bays. 
gem-engraving (jem'en-gra/'ving), H. The art 
of engraving designs upon precious or (more 
commonly) semi-precious stones, either in 
raised work or by figures cut into or below the 
surface ; lithoglyptics. Engraved gems were pro- 
duced in high perfection at an early period of antiquity. 
Stones cut in raised work are called cameos, and those cut 
into or below the surface intaglios. The cutting is now 
done by means of small revolving wheels which are charged 
with diamond-dust, emery, etc., according to the hardness 
of the stone to be cut. Intaglio-engraving as practised by 
the ancients was used chiefly for the production of seals. 
gement (je'ment), a. [< L. gemen(t-)s, ppr. of 
gemere, sigh, groan, = Gr. yifieiv, be full.] 
Groaning. Mount. 
gemetryt, An obsolete (Middle English) 
form of geometri/. 
gemewt, [ME.: see gemel.] In her., same 
as gemel, 3. 
geminalt (jem'i-nal), n. [< L. geminus, twin, 
+ -al.] A pair. 
2479 
Before the stanza was of seven lines, wherein there are 
two couplets, . . . the often harmony thereof soften'd the 
verse more than the majesty of the subject would permit, 
unless they had all been rjcminels or couplets. 
Drayton, Barons' Wars, Pref. 
geminate (jem'i-nat), v. ; pret. and pp. gemi- 
nated, ppr. geminating. [<f L. geminatus, pp. of 
geminare (> It. geminare = Sp. geminar), double, 
pair, < geminus, born at the same time, twin: 
see Gemini.] I. trans. To double. [Rare.] 
W. ... is but the v. geminated in the full sound, and 
though it have the seate of a consonant witli us, the power 
is always vowellish, even where it leads the vowell in 
any syllable. B. Jonmn, English Grammar. 
The delimitation by Meisterhans of the date in Attic 
inscriptions (550 B. c.) before which medial consonants are 
not geminated. Amer. Jour. Philol., IX. 354. 
II. intrans. To become double, 
geminate (jem'i-nat), a. [< L. geminatus, pp. : 
seetheverb.] Twin; combined in pairs; binate. 
We desire of your Maiestie to vouchsafe from hence- 
foorth to conserue and continue the geminate disposition 
of your beneuolences, both generally to all our subjects, 
and also priuately to this our beloued seriiant. 
Hakluyt's Voyages, I. 340. 
Geminate leaves, in hot., leaves that are in pairs, one 
leaf beside the other, and attached to the same point of 
the stem. Geminate ocellus, in entom., a phrase de- 
noting two ocellated spots when they are surrounded by a 
single colored ring. Geminate spots, in entom., spots 
in pairs side by side, and close together or touching each 
other. 
geminately (jem'i-nat-li), adv. In pairs; 
doubly: as, in entomology, geminately spotted 
or lined. 
gemination (jem-i-na'shon), n. [= F. gemina- 
tion = Sp. geminacion = It. geminazione, < L. 
geminatio(n-), a doubling, < geminare, double: 
see geminate.] 1. A doubling; duplication; 
repetition. 
If the will be in the sense and in the conscience both, 
there is a gemination of it. 
Bacon, Colours of Good and Evil, 8. 
Specifically 2. In rhet., immediate repetition 
of a word, generally with added emphasis : as, 
O Swallow, Sivallow, jtying,jiying South. 
Tennyson, Princess, iv. 
[Repetition after one or two intervening words is also ac- 
counted gemination : as, again and again. 
Charge, Chester, charge ! On, Stanley, on ! 
Scott, Marmion, vi. 32. ] 
Also called diplasiasmus and epizeuxis. 3. In 
philol. : (a) The doubling of an originally sin- 
gle consonant through the influence of a fol- 
lowing consonant or vowel, as in Anglo-Saxon 
sittan (originally *sitian), fenn (originally *feni, 
Gothic fani), etc. ; less properly used of mere 
orthographic doubling, as in hammer, matter, 
etc. 
The historic orthography has been retained in words 
which are under conditions of gemination. 
Amer. Jour. Philol., IX. 328. 
(6) A pair of letters so doubled. Trans. Amer. 
Philol. Ass., XVI. 163. 
geminative (jem'i-na-tiv), a. and . [< gemi- 
nate + -ive.] I. a. Characterized by gemina- 
tion. 
II. n. A geminated or doubled letter. Trans. 
Amer. Philol. Ass., XVI. 161. 
Gemini (jem'i-ni), n. pi. [L., twins, in particu- 
lar the Twins, a constellation ; pi. of geminus, 
born at the same time, twin; doubtfully iden- 
tified with the equiv. (jr. tiifo/ivoc, usually 6i6v- 
fiof (see didymous), and referred to a variant 
/ gem, gam of the -y/ gen of gignere, OL. genere, 
beget: see genus.] 1. A zodiacal constella- 
tion, giving its name to a sign of the zodiac, 
The Constellation Gemini. 
gemmary 
lying east of Taurus, on the other side of the 
Milky Way. It represents the two youths Castor and 
Pollux, sitting side by side. In the heads of the twins 
respectively are situated the two bright stars which go by 
their names Castor to the west, a greenish star inter- 
mediate between the first and second magnitudes, and 
Pollux to the east, a full yellow star of the first magni- 
tude. The sun is in Gemini from about May 21st till 
about June 21st (the longest day). 
The Charioteer 
And starry Gemini hang like glorious crowns 
Over Orion's grave low down in the west. 
Tennyson, Maud, xxviii. 1. 
2 (jem'i-ni, according to the older E. pronun- 
ciation of Latin; also, corruptly, jim'i-ni). 
[Also written geminy, gemony, jiminy ; in the 
phrase O Gemini, or simply Gemini, i. e., by 
the Twins, i. e., Castor and Pollux ; in E. orig. 
as an imitation of classical use, to swear by 
Castor and Pollux being a favorite oath of the 
Romans.] A word used as a form of mild oath 
or interjection. 
O gemony! neighbour, what a blisse is 
This, that we have 'mongst us Ulisses? 
Homer a la Mode (1665). 
Mrs. Mai. You are sure, Lucy, that you never men- 
tioned 
Lucy. Gemini I I'd sooner cut my tongue out. 
Sheridan, The Rivals, i. 2. 
3f. [Also spelled geminy, and sometimes used 
as a sing, noun.] A pair; specifically, a pair 
of eyes. 
And that fond fool . . . that daily spies 
Twin babies in his mistress' Gemini's. 
Quarles, Emblems, ii. 4. 
Or else you had looked through the grate, like a geminy 
of baboons. Shak., II. W. of W., ii. 2. 
geminiflorous (jem"i-ni-fl6'rus), a. [< L. gemi- 
nus, twin, + flos (flor-), flower.] Having flow- 
ers in pairs. 
geminiformis (jem"i-ni-f6r'mis), n. ; pi. gemi- 
niformes (-mez). [NL., < L. geminus, twin, + 
forma, shape.] In anat., the lower one of the 
twin muscles of the coxal group ; the gemellus 
inferior. Cones, 1887. 
geminous (jem'i-nus), a. [< L. geminus, a., born 
at the same time, twin : see Gemini.] Double ; 
occurring or conjoined in pairs: as, geminoux 
spots, tubercles, spines, etc., in insects. [Bare 
except in technical use.] 
And this the practice of Christians hath acknowledged, 
who have baptized those geminous births and double con- 
nascencies with several names. 
Sir T. Browne, Vulg. Err., iii. 15. 
geminy (jem'i-ni), n. See Gemini, 2 and 3. 
Gemitores (jem-i-to'rez), n. pi. [NL., < L. 
gemere, sigh, moan, make a mournful sound, 
coo: see gement.] In Macgillivray's system of 
classification, the second order of birds, the 
cooers or pigeons, coextensive with the modern 
order Columbfc. [Not in use.] 
gemitorial (jem-i-to'ri-al), a. Pertaining to the 
Gemitores. 
gemma (jem'a), n.; pi. gemmae (-e). [L., a 
swelling bud, "a gem: see gem.] 1. In bot. 
and goal. , a bud ; that which is budded ; the re- 
sult of gemmation. Specifically, in bot.: (a) A leaf- 
bud as distinguished from a flower-bud ; the rudiment of 
a young branch. (6) A small undeveloped shoot, or anal- 
ogous fusiform or lenticular body, which becomes de- 
tached from the mother plant and originates a new one, 
as in some mosses and liverworts, etc. In some fungi 
portions of the mycelium become detached and reproduce 
the plant in a similar manner. 
2. [cop.] In conch., a genus of bivalve mpl- 
lusks, of the family Veneridw, containing a sin- 
gle small species, G. totteni or G. gemma (ori- 
ginally Venus gemma), about one eighth of an 
inch long, yellowish or rosy-white tipped with 
amethystine, found on the Atlantic coast of the 
United States. The young are retained inside 
the valves of the parent till their shells are 
formed. 
gemmaceous (je-ma'shius), a. [< L. gemma, a 
bud, a gem, + E. -aceous.] Pertaining to leaf- 
buds ; of the nature of or resembling leaf-buds. 
gemmae, n. Plural of gemma. 
gemman(jem'an),m. ; pi. gemmen (-en). Ayul- 
far abbreviation of gentleman. [In the United 
tates confined to negro use.] 
At home, our Bow-street gemmen keep the laws. 
Byron, Beppo, st. 86. 
Here the new maid chimed in, "Ma'am, Salts of Lemon 
Will make it in no time quite flt for the Geminan !" 
Barham, Ingoldsby Legends, II. 128. 
gemmary (jem'a-ri), a. and n. [I. a. < ME. gem- 
marye, < LL. gemmarius, pertaining to gems, < 
L. gemma, a gem: see gem. II. n. < ME. gem- 
marye, a gem-engraver, < LL. gemmarius, a 
gem-engraver, jeweler ; in the second sense < 
L. as if 'gemmarium (or with E. suffix -ery), < 
